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mckaygerhard
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mckaygerhard
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mckaygerhard
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mckaygerhard
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@ -24,6 +24,24 @@ into the vendor hardware.
|
|||
|
||||
> **Note** Consult more at [../alpine/alpine-boot-uefi-bios.md](../alpine/alpine-boot-uefi-bios.md)
|
||||
|
||||
## Where i will find BIOS based devices
|
||||
|
||||
Any computer until 2010 or older will only have a BIOS system to boot. Any IBM pc
|
||||
computer wil have also BIOS and any coputer until 2014 will have almost UEFI legacy
|
||||
support to boot like BIOS.
|
||||
|
||||
On those system marked as older harware you will need a MBR based partition
|
||||
table only, and cannot use GTP partitions.
|
||||
|
||||
## Where i will find UEFI based devices
|
||||
|
||||
Any computer since 2014 will have UEFI for sure, but 2013/2014 ones wil have
|
||||
buggy UEFI implementations. Its recommended to avoid any computer from 2013
|
||||
or 2014, and if you have a BIOS+UEFI then enabled the legacy mode.
|
||||
|
||||
Also any Vendor marked computer bqased on x86 or 64bit, or any 64bit
|
||||
computer will have UEFI, specially those that are parnership with Mocosoft.
|
||||
|
||||
# Alpine UEFI support
|
||||
|
||||
Currently are enought for boot most systems, not all the architectures are complete
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
|
|||
# Alpine Install: from a USB to any computer without internet and only alpine boot
|
||||
|
||||
**Overall description:** Alpine Installation from a official iso,
|
||||
dumpet to a usb source device media, and installed to a bare metal computer
|
||||
no matter if include [UEFI](Alpine_and_UEFI.md) and will be the only OS
|
||||
installed to boot, the networking configuration will happened AFTER you install
|
||||
the operating system, so you can configure it with more detail.
|
||||
|
||||
Means you will **install Alpine as the only OS in a PC computer from USB BUT OFFLINE** media.
|
||||
|
||||
And.. **after boot up the new operating system, you will put apk files to setup wifi**
|
||||
|
||||
> **Warning** This method only works for most modern pc vbeyond 2016 and recents.
|
||||
|
||||
## Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- A usb stick to write the ISO source media file downloaded
|
||||
- In the new machine we need support for booting from USB devices
|
||||
- In the new machine we need at least 512Mb of RAM, 2Gb prefered.
|
||||
- IF you dont have internet but still have network disconected or no cable
|
||||
|
||||
## Downloading the source medium to install
|
||||
|
||||
In this case, **your PC wil have [UEFI or must be beyond 2016's](Alpine_and_UEFI.md#where-i-will-find-bios-based-devices)**
|
||||
you will need **64-bit iso EXTENDED, if you dont use extended version your will need internet networking**,
|
||||
the download URL will be:
|
||||
|
||||
`http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/releases/x86_64/alpine-extended-3.17.3-x86_64.iso`
|
||||
|
||||
> **Warning** you must use extended ISO file, if not you will be forced to have internet.
|
||||
|
||||
**How to download usin Graphical browser**: point the web browser to
|
||||
that url and the download of the iso file will start. A file with **.iso**
|
||||
extension type, will be downloaded commonly into the Download directory.
|
||||
|
||||
**How to download usin Command line method**: in unix-like terminal (MAC/Linux) execute:
|
||||
`cd $HOME;wget -c -t8 --no-check-certificate http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/releases/x86_64/alpine-standard-3.17.3-x86_64.iso`,
|
||||
and unless the case of GUI, your **.iso** file wil be direclty in your home directory.
|
||||
|
||||
> **Warning** The 3.17.0 release ISO has a bug, does not included the need pacakges for offline install.
|
||||
|
||||
## Writing the source medium to your USB
|
||||
|
||||
Using [balena-etcher-electron](https://www.balena.io/etcher/) to flash the USB
|
||||
drive from any system, its easy, simple and available for all OSs.
|
||||
|
||||
> ***Warning** this guide assume only one hard drive as `/dev/sda` and only one USB as `/dev/sdb`
|
||||
|
||||
* download the `program balena-etcher-electron` (there are portable versions)
|
||||
* Run the program `balena-etcher-electron` as root in the graphical session
|
||||
* Click "select image" icon, open the downloaded image file
|
||||
* Plug the USB drive into the computer, it will automatically show as `sdb`
|
||||
* After it balena-etcher-electronshows the USB as “sdb”, clickflash
|
||||
* Wait a while and when finished, close the program
|
||||
* Take out the USB and place it on the installation target computer in a port
|
||||
|
||||
> **Note** this method only works on recent MacOs 10.12+ or recent Linux 4.9+ installations
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
You can also made it manually, open your terminal program, move to the place
|
||||
directory where ISO downloaded are placed and `cp` to the USB device:
|
||||
|
||||
> umount /dev/sdb; cp alpine-standard-3.17.0-x86_64.iso /dev/sdb
|
||||
|
||||
## Booting the Alpine USB media
|
||||
|
||||
When the machine start, you must be sure to choose the right booting drive
|
||||
(commonly named USB boot drive or USB hard disk), so the disc/iso will boot and after a
|
||||
while a command line shell will show you:
|
||||
|
||||
> **Note** When starting Alpine it will ask for the login, just typing root and pressing enter allows you to start:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
> **Warning** Tip: If your system is not configured to boot from a USB drive, it must be
|
||||
configured in the BIOS/UEFI, **ask/search to your vendor or technical support**, Toshiba
|
||||
computers need to hit F1 to choose boot medium, DELL must hit F11 to choose medium for
|
||||
example, and so and so
|
||||
|
||||
## Installing after boot up
|
||||
|
||||
> **Warning** if you do not download the extended ISO it may require internet.!!!
|
||||
|
||||
#### runing the setup script
|
||||
|
||||
After entering the root environment and gets the console prompt installation media,
|
||||
you must perform these commands, that will:
|
||||
|
||||
* prepare disk sizes, boot partiton to 500 megs
|
||||
* perpare swap sices, swap partition to 2 Gigs
|
||||
* and run setup script to configure and process instalation:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
export BOOT_SIZE=500
|
||||
|
||||
setup-alpine
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This will start some questions, these are in the following order:
|
||||
|
||||
* keyboard and variant, example for Latin is esand afteres-winkeys
|
||||
* hostname: just hit enter, it's the name of the computer.
|
||||
* Network options: write `done` cos you dont have internet and has no sense
|
||||
* DNS Options: dont write anything, leave blank and write `none` for the domain
|
||||
* Time zone options: Just use the suggested defaults, just hit enter.
|
||||
* Proxy Options: Use `none` in this case, please
|
||||
* NTP Options: Use `chrony` the packet already in the middle.
|
||||
* Enter mirror number: here due lack of network internet just write "done"
|
||||
* SSH Options: Use `openssh` the package that already comes in the middle.
|
||||
* Alow root login: write `yes` cos we will changed later.
|
||||
* Enter the ssh URL: just write `none` or just hit enter
|
||||
* Disk Options: Use `sda` as the entire hard drive present will be used.
|
||||
* Mode: Select `sys` to install the system on disk.
|
||||
|
||||
After answering `sys` to the questions about the drive, and since there will only
|
||||
be one drive, answering `sda` on which drive to use, this will create and leave
|
||||
your hard drive as follows:
|
||||
|
||||
* `/dev/sda1` as BOOT in 500Mb in `/boot`
|
||||
* `/dev/sda2` as SWAP in 4Gb
|
||||
* `/dev/sda3` as ROOT in 200Gb in `/` (approximately or rest of space available)
|
||||
|
||||
In a few minutes everything will be ready to use ofering a console when boot new system.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Finishing the installation
|
||||
|
||||
After all of the scripts in the setup end, a "reboot" will be offered,
|
||||
just type "reboot" and press enter, remove the boot media and newly
|
||||
installed system will be booted.
|
||||
|
||||
**You cannot see a graphical window system? take it easy** and get
|
||||
calmed down.. in Alpine all are made by the right way.. so **if user
|
||||
need a desktop.. user can install a desktop**
|
||||
|
||||
## The wifi setup after install
|
||||
|
||||
Please follo the guiude [alpine-tutorial-wifi-routering.md](alpine-tutorial-wifi-routering.md),
|
||||
you will need to download the needed packages manually from another device
|
||||
and then but it on the installed Alpine computer using USBstorage external device.
|
||||
|
||||
## How to use this guide
|
||||
|
||||
This guide is for install process, many parts will need you understand minimal
|
||||
knowledge of linux.
|
||||
|
||||
This guide assumed you have a serial port allowed in the targeted computer, also
|
||||
its important you shuold understand the way of the configuration in this guide.
|
||||
|
||||
> **Warning** Some Linux or/and Mac terminals have security cut/paste locks, so
|
||||
if you paste, the first line will be preceded by garbage, check always the first char of your paste.
|
||||
|
||||
## Licensing clarifications
|
||||
|
||||
**CC BY-NC-SA**: the project allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material
|
||||
in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given
|
||||
to the creators involved. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified
|
||||
material under identical terms, includes the following elements:
|
||||
|
||||
* **BY** Credit must be given to the creator of each content respectivelly, starting at the first contributor.
|
||||
* **NC** Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted, with exceptions if you fill an issue here!
|
||||
* **SA** Adaptations must be shared under the same terms, you must obey this terms and do not change it.
|
||||
|
||||
https://codeberg.org/alpine/alpine-wiki/src/branch/main#license
|
||||
|
||||
## See also
|
||||
|
||||
* [README.md](README.md)
|
||||
* [alpine-setup-install-script.md](../alpine/alpine-setup-install-script.md)
|
||||
* [alpine-tutorial-desktop-wayland-try.md](alpine-tutorial-desktop-wayland-try.md)
|
||||
* [alpine-tutorial-desktop-xfce4-fast-forward.md](alpine-tutorial-desktop-xfce4-fast-forward.md)
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,46 +1,19 @@
|
|||
# Alpine Install: from a disc to any computer single only boot
|
||||
# Alpine Install: from a USB to any computer single disc and only alpine boot
|
||||
|
||||
**Overall description:** Alpine Installation from a official iso(usb)
|
||||
write to USBstick to a new computer with or without
|
||||
[UEFI](Alpine_and_UEFI.md) and will be single only boot,
|
||||
means that any thing in the computer and their disc will be erased to
|
||||
put Alpine Linux as main system
|
||||
**Overall description:** Alpine Installation from a official iso,
|
||||
dumpet to a usb source device media, and installed to a bare metal computer
|
||||
no matter if include [UEFI](Alpine_and_UEFI.md) and will be the only OS
|
||||
installed to boot.
|
||||
|
||||
This document will guide you to **install Alpine into a new empty or
|
||||
just fresh PC or Laptop hardware computer, use if you have a [BIOS or
|
||||
UEFI based hardware](Alpine_and_UEFI.md) and only wants Alpine**
|
||||
Linux into it.
|
||||
Means you will **install Alpine as the only OS in a PC computer from USB** media.
|
||||
|
||||
> **Warning** This method only works for most modern pc since 2013 and recents, mostly 64bit only.
|
||||
|
||||
## Terminology
|
||||
|
||||
- **[UEFI and BIOS](Alpine_and_UEFI.md)**: it\'s the default boot for cp,
|
||||
in every new hardware machine laptop or desktops, that will manage
|
||||
the early boot process as a little operating system, see more in the
|
||||
[Alpine and UEFI](Alpine_and_UEFI.md) page.
|
||||
- **New machine**: will be your real machine fresh and ready to
|
||||
install your new Alpine operating system, with a installed CD/DVD
|
||||
Rom optical drive where to put the burned downloaded disc media
|
||||
installation.
|
||||
- **USB ports**: will be your hardware input source to boot, where
|
||||
you wirte downloaded iso media with the operating system Alpine to
|
||||
install as source media; this drive are commonly named Pend-Drive.
|
||||
- **Source media**: will be the just burned/ disc from the downloaded
|
||||
iso file of Alpine operating system. Will be put into the optical
|
||||
drive or named [DVD/CD Rom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD-ROM) to
|
||||
property boot the source disc as media installation.
|
||||
- **Target media**: will be the storage medium device into the new
|
||||
computer target where the Alpine files for operating system will be
|
||||
installed, its one partition from the
|
||||
[HardDisk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive) of the new
|
||||
computer.
|
||||
> **Warning** This method only works for most modern pc vbeyond 2016 and recents.
|
||||
|
||||
## Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- A usb stick to write the ISO source media file downloaded
|
||||
- In the new machine we need an USB port free and able to boot
|
||||
- In the new machine we need and BIOS or UEFI able to boot USBsticks
|
||||
- In the new machine we need support for booting from USB devices
|
||||
- In the new machine we need at least 512Mb of RAM, but required 2Gb
|
||||
of RAM for desktop/graphical applications
|
||||
- In the new machine we need target media with at least 2G of hard
|
||||
|
|
@ -48,88 +21,45 @@ Linux into it.
|
|||
- Will need to previously downloaded and burned the Source media ISO
|
||||
file from <https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/>
|
||||
|
||||
## Preparing the source medium to install
|
||||
## Downloading the source medium to install
|
||||
|
||||
Download the source medium to install and put into your home documents
|
||||
in a modern computer. There are more hardware medium sources to
|
||||
download, like the arm and i386, but ISO CD/DVD images are only to
|
||||
PC/Laptops that are i386 and amd64, so by downloading the x86 (32bit)
|
||||
flavor will be same for both cases, but UEFI need 64bit, so change to
|
||||
the x86_64 (amd64) if your computer is the most modern and lasted
|
||||
hardware today.
|
||||
In this case, **your PC wil have [UEFI or must be beyond 2016's](Alpine_and_UEFI.md#where-i-will-find-bios-based-devices)**
|
||||
you will need **64-bit iso**, the download URL will be:
|
||||
|
||||
The source medium to install for [UEFI or modern hardware](Alpine_and_UEFI.md)
|
||||
**are just 64-bit only**, the download URL will be as following format:
|
||||
`http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v<VERSION>/releases/<ARCH>/alpine-standard-<VERSION>.0-<ARCH>.iso`
|
||||
where `ARCH` and `VERSION` could be:
|
||||
`http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/releases/x86_64/alpine-standard-3.17.0-x86_64.iso`
|
||||
|
||||
- `<ARCH>` could be one of:
|
||||
- **x86**: the most used i386 32-bit x86 based machines, if your
|
||||
computer are too older use this only.
|
||||
- **x86_64**: The popular AMD64 compatible 64-bit x86 based
|
||||
machines, i386 are not recommended for newer/lasted hardware.
|
||||
- `<VERSION>` could be one of:
|
||||
- **latest-stable** for a more up to date without taking care of
|
||||
numbered
|
||||
- **3.12** the most recommended for machines between 2016 to 2018
|
||||
**How to download usin Graphical browser**: point the web browser to
|
||||
that url and the download of the iso file will start. A file with **.iso**
|
||||
extension type, will be downloaded commonly into the Download directory.
|
||||
|
||||
EXAMPLE if you plan **to using 3.17 version the available links to download will be:**
|
||||
**How to download usin Command line method**: in unix-like terminal (MAC/Linux) execute:
|
||||
`cd $HOME;wget -c -t8 --no-check-certificate http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/releases/x86_64/alpine-standard-3.17.0-x86_64.iso`,
|
||||
and unless the case of GUI, your **.iso** file wil be direclty in your home directory.
|
||||
|
||||
- for **x86_64** computers:
|
||||
`http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/releases/x86_64/alpine-standard-3.17.0-x86_64.iso`
|
||||
- for **x86** older BIOS computers we recommend:
|
||||
`http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.12/releases/ppc64le/alpine-standard-3.12.1-x86.iso`
|
||||
## Writing the source medium to your USB
|
||||
|
||||
**Usin Graphical download way**: Just point the web browser to that url and the
|
||||
download of the iso file will start. A file with **.iso** extension
|
||||
type, with name like `"alpine-standard-3.17.0-x86_64.iso"` (if amd64) or
|
||||
like `alpine-standard-3.12.1-x86.iso` (if i386); will be downloaded
|
||||
commonly into the Download directory of your home documents filesystem.
|
||||
Using [balena-etcher-electron](https://www.balena.io/etcher/) to flash the USB
|
||||
drive from any system, its easy, simple and available for all OSs.
|
||||
|
||||
**Usin Command line method way**: in unix-like terminal execute:
|
||||
`wget -c -t8 --no-check-certificate http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/releases/x86_64/alpine-standard-3.17.0-x86_64.iso`,
|
||||
and where you run the command, in that place/dir will be downloaded the file.
|
||||
> ***Warning** this guide assume only one hard drive as `/dev/sda` and only one USB as `/dev/sdb`
|
||||
|
||||
## Writing the source medium to install
|
||||
|
||||
After downloading the source media file from [Alpine download page](https://alpinelinux.org/downloads/)
|
||||
**put the USB stick into the input USB port** named and **open your terminal program,
|
||||
move to the place directory where ISO downloaded fiel are and `cp` to the USB device"** and wait the
|
||||
process will end.
|
||||
|
||||
In detail if you downloaded with **Graphical download** (using a web
|
||||
browser), the source media file will be into the Download directory. If
|
||||
you downloaded with **Command line method** your source file probably
|
||||
will be in your root document home (or just `$HOME` of your Linux
|
||||
install or MAC install filesystem).
|
||||
|
||||
In Linux, assuming the USB stick is in the only free USB port (as `/dev/sdb`), the command
|
||||
to record/burn the downloaded source media file is :
|
||||
|
||||
`$ umount /dev/sdb*;cp alpine-standard-3.17.0-x86_64.iso /dev/sdb`
|
||||
|
||||
> **Note** this method only works on recent MacOs 10.12+ or recent Linux 4.9+ installations
|
||||
|
||||
## Writing the source medium using ValenaEtcher
|
||||
|
||||
For all users, no matter the OS or architecture, We recommend using
|
||||
[balena-etcher-electron](https://www.balena.io/etcher/) to flash the USB drive
|
||||
from any system, of course it must be run as or from root user or administrator
|
||||
of your operating system.
|
||||
|
||||
* download the iso file of the multimedia image, for UEFI 3.11 minimum
|
||||
* download the program balena-etcher-electronyou may need to install..
|
||||
* Run the program balena-etcher-electronas root in the graphical session
|
||||
* Click “select image” icon, open the downloaded image file
|
||||
* Plug the USB drive into the computer, it will automatically show as sdb or similar
|
||||
* download the `program balena-etcher-electron` (there are portable versions)
|
||||
* Run the program `balena-etcher-electron` as root in the graphical session
|
||||
* Click "select image" icon, open the downloaded image file
|
||||
* Plug the USB drive into the computer, it will automatically show as `sdb`
|
||||
* After it balena-etcher-electronshows the USB as “sdb”, clickflash
|
||||
* Wait a while and when finished, close the program
|
||||
* Take out the USB and place it on the installation target computer in a port
|
||||
|
||||
> **Warning** It is recommended that you only have a single unique usb stick connected.
|
||||
> **Note** this method only works on recent MacOs 10.12+ or recent Linux 4.9+ installations
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
You can also made it manually, open your terminal program, move to the place
|
||||
directory where ISO downloaded are placed and `cp` to the USB device:
|
||||
|
||||
> umount /dev/sdb; cp alpine-standard-3.17.0-x86_64.iso /dev/sdb
|
||||
|
||||
## Booting the Alpine ISO disc
|
||||
|
||||
When the machine start, you must be sure to choose the right booting drive
|
||||
|
|
@ -140,18 +70,12 @@ while a command line shell will show you:
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
> **Warning** Tip: If your system is not configured to boot from a USB drive, it must be configured in the BIOS, '''ask/search to your vendor or technical support''', Toshiba computers need to hit F1 to choose boot medium, DELL must hit F11 to choose medium for example, and so and so}}
|
||||
> **Warning** Tip: If your system is not configured to boot from a USB drive, it must be
|
||||
configured in the BIOS/UEFI, **ask/search to your vendor or technical support**, Toshiba
|
||||
computers need to hit F1 to choose boot medium, DELL must hit F11 to choose medium for
|
||||
example, and so and so
|
||||
|
||||
#### after start to setup the script
|
||||
|
||||
For this use case, unlike other installation systems, Alpine's is automatic on the disk,
|
||||
and mounts several partitions depending on the case, as in this document the procedure
|
||||
is automatic, at least four partitons will be created by the installer and these will be
|
||||
configured as needed, if it is UEFI or BIOS, always the automatic setup will do that.
|
||||
|
||||
> **Warning** The drive will be assumed to be fully used since alpine setup in this guide
|
||||
will be on its own and single setup only, it will not be necessary to partition or format
|
||||
as the installer will do it. Assumes a minimum 4 gig disk where swap will be 2 gigs in sizes.
|
||||
## Installing after boot up
|
||||
|
||||
> **Warning** if you do not download the extended ISO it may require internet.!!!
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -200,21 +124,6 @@ In a few minutes everything will be ready to use ofering a console when boot new
|
|||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### custom setup boot loader
|
||||
|
||||
If the new local system was configured to run in `diskless` or `data` mode, or if you
|
||||
choose do not install boot loader, and you do not want keep booting from the initial
|
||||
(and possibly read-only) installation media, the boot system needs to be copied to
|
||||
another device or partition or setup manually.
|
||||
|
||||
The target partition may be identified using lsblk (after installing it with apk add lsblk)
|
||||
and/or blkid, similar to previously identifying the initial installation media device.
|
||||
|
||||
The procedure to copy the boot system is using setup-bootable
|
||||
|
||||
Once everything is in place, but is you use `diskless` or `data` save your customized
|
||||
configuration with `lbu commit` before rebooting.
|
||||
|
||||
## Finishing the installation
|
||||
|
||||
After all of the scripts in the setup end, a "reboot" will be offered,
|
||||
|
|
@ -228,11 +137,6 @@ need a desktop.. user can install a desktop**
|
|||
|
||||
## How to use this guide
|
||||
|
||||
This guide **structure all the commands in blocks, each block its separated by a line spaced**,
|
||||
so you must **type each line as is.. and hit enter**, so you noted that then you
|
||||
typed each separated clocks of commands, copy/type only blocks separated by an empty line,
|
||||
all new(next) lines are made by just enter. the terminal will detect if must execute or not.
|
||||
|
||||
This guide is for install process, many parts will need you understand minimal
|
||||
knowledge of linux.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -249,9 +153,9 @@ in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as att
|
|||
to the creators involved. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified
|
||||
material under identical terms, includes the following elements:
|
||||
|
||||
* **BY** – Credit must be given to the creator of each content respectivelly, starting at the first contributor.
|
||||
* **NC** – Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted, with exceptions if you fill an issue here!
|
||||
* **SA** – Adaptations must be shared under the same terms, you must obey this terms and do not change it.
|
||||
* **BY** Credit must be given to the creator of each content respectivelly, starting at the first contributor.
|
||||
* **NC** Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted, with exceptions if you fill an issue here!
|
||||
* **SA** Adaptations must be shared under the same terms, you must obey this terms and do not change it.
|
||||
|
||||
https://codeberg.org/alpine/alpine-wiki/src/branch/main#license
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue