from sympy.core.decorators import _sympifyit from sympy.core.parameters import global_parameters from sympy.core.logic import fuzzy_bool from sympy.core.singleton import S from sympy.core.sympify import _sympify from .sets import Set class PowerSet(Set): r"""A symbolic object representing a power set. Parameters ========== arg : Set The set to take power of. evaluate : bool The flag to control evaluation. If the evaluation is disabled for finite sets, it can take advantage of using subset test as a membership test. Notes ===== Power set `\mathcal{P}(S)` is defined as a set containing all the subsets of `S`. If the set `S` is a finite set, its power set would have `2^{\left| S \right|}` elements, where `\left| S \right|` denotes the cardinality of `S`. Examples ======== >>> from sympy.sets.powerset import PowerSet >>> from sympy import S, FiniteSet A power set of a finite set: >>> PowerSet(FiniteSet(1, 2, 3)) PowerSet({1, 2, 3}) A power set of an empty set: >>> PowerSet(S.EmptySet) PowerSet(EmptySet) >>> PowerSet(PowerSet(S.EmptySet)) PowerSet(PowerSet(EmptySet)) A power set of an infinite set: >>> PowerSet(S.Reals) PowerSet(Reals) Evaluating the power set of a finite set to its explicit form: >>> PowerSet(FiniteSet(1, 2, 3)).rewrite(FiniteSet) FiniteSet(EmptySet, {1}, {2}, {3}, {1, 2}, {1, 3}, {2, 3}, {1, 2, 3}) References ========== .. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_set .. [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiom_of_power_set """ def __new__(cls, arg, evaluate=None): if evaluate is None: evaluate=global_parameters.evaluate arg = _sympify(arg) if not isinstance(arg, Set): raise ValueError('{} must be a set.'.format(arg)) return super().__new__(cls, arg) @property def arg(self): return self.args[0] def _eval_rewrite_as_FiniteSet(self, *args, **kwargs): arg = self.arg if arg.is_FiniteSet: return arg.powerset() return None @_sympifyit('other', NotImplemented) def _contains(self, other): if not isinstance(other, Set): return None return fuzzy_bool(self.arg.is_superset(other)) def _eval_is_subset(self, other): if isinstance(other, PowerSet): return self.arg.is_subset(other.arg) def __len__(self): return 2 ** len(self.arg) def __iter__(self): from .sets import FiniteSet found = [S.EmptySet] yield S.EmptySet for x in self.arg: temp = [] x = FiniteSet(x) for y in found: new = x + y yield new temp.append(new) found.extend(temp)