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Ajout de code du kernel, bootloader non terminé

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into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: ChangeLog #1 //
// From: 2018/12/06 //
// UpTo: current //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
2018/10/?? - Started talking about making our own OS
2018/11/?? - Name decided & creation of gnu-os-k.eu
2018/12/06 - Actually started project, began MBR, decided directories organization, created this file and others
2018/12/08 - MBR actually supports Long Mode Compatibility Verification
- Added A20 line Enabling to MBR

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: ChangeLog #1 //
// From: 2018/12/06 //
// UpTo: current //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
2018/10/?? - Started talking about making our own OS
2018/11/?? - Name decided & creation of gnu-os-k.eu
2018/12/06 - Actually started project, began MBR, decided directories organization, created this file and others
2018/12/08 - MBR actually supports Long Mode Compatibility Verification
- Added A20 line Enabling to MBR

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#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
# GNU GPL OS/K #
# #
# Authors: spectral` #
# NeoX #
# #
# Desc: Project Makefile #
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
CC_NAME="/opt/cross-cc/bin/x86_64-elf-gcc"
CWARNS=-Wall -Wextra -Werror
CFLAGS=-nostdlib -ffreestanding -mcmodel=large -mno-red-zone -mno-mmx -mno-sse -mno-sse2
CINCLUDES=-I./kaleid
CDEFINES=
CC=$(CC_NAME) $(CWARNS) $(CFLAGS) $(CDEFINES) $(CINCLUDES)
ASM=nasm
ASMFLAGS=
BOOTFLAGS=-f bin
BINDIR=../bin
OBJDIR=../obj
BOOTDIR=boot
COMMDIR=kaleid/common
KERNDIR=kaleid/kernel
SYSTDIR=kaleid/system
all: bootloader
boot.mbr.s: $(BOOTDIR)/mbr.s $(BOOTDIR)/mbr.inc
$(ASM) $(BOOTFLAGS) $(BOOTDIR)/mbr.s -o $(OBJDIR)/boot/mbr.bin
boot.loader.s: $(BOOTDIR)/loader.s
$(ASM) $(BOOTFLAGS) $(BOOTDIR)/loader.s -o $(OBJDIR)/boot/loader.bin
bootloader: boot.mbr.s boot.loader.s
cat $(OBJDIR)/boot/mbr.bin $(OBJDIR)/boot/loader.bin > $(BINDIR)/bootloader.bin
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
# TESTING MAKEFILE
pseudo_kern:
$(ASM) $(BOOTFLAGS) $(BOOTDIR)/pseudo_kernel.s -o $(OBJDIR)/boot/pkernel.bin
testing: bootloader pseudo_kern
cat $(BINDIR)/bootloader.bin $(OBJDIR)/boot/pkernel.bin > $(BINDIR)/boot.bin
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
# COMMON MAKEFILE
COBJDIR=$(OBJDIR)/$(COMMDIR)
COMM_DEPS=$(COMMDIR)/common.h $(COMMDIR)/assert.h $(COMMDIR)/atomic.h $(COMMDIR)/config.h \
$(COMMDIR)/status.h
COBJECTS=$(COBJDIR)/lib/string.o
common: common.lib.string.c $(COMM_DEPS)
common.lib.string.c: $(COMMDIR)/lib/string.c $(COMM_DEPS)
$(CC) -c $(COMMDIR)/lib/string.c -o $(OBJDIR)/$(COMMDIR)/lib/string.o
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
# KERNEL MAKEFILE
KOBJDIR=$(OBJDIR)/$(KERNDIR)
KERN_DEPS=$(COMM_DEPS) $(KERNDIR)/init.h $(KERNDIR)/io/terminal.h $(KERNDIR)/io/ports.h
kernel: common kernel.io.terminal.c kernel.init.c kernel.io.ports.c
$(CC) -o $(BINDIR)/kaleid-kernel.elf \
$(COBJECTS) $(KOBJDIR)/init.o \
$(KOBJDIR)/io/terminal.o $(KOBJDIR)/io/ports.o
kernel.init.c: $(KERNDIR)/init.c $(KERN_DEPS)
$(CC) -c $(KERNDIR)/init.c -o $(KOBJDIR)/init.o
kernel.io.ports.c: $(KERNDIR)/io/ports.c $(KERN_DEPS)
$(CC) -c $(KERNDIR)/io/ports.c -o $(KOBJDIR)/io/ports.o
kernel.io.terminal.c: $(KERNDIR)/io/terminal.c $(KERN_DEPS)
$(CC) -c $(KERNDIR)/io/terminal.c -o $(KOBJDIR)/io/terminal.o

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#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
# GNU GPL OS/K #
# #
# Authors: spectral` #
# NeoX #
# #
# Desc: Project Makefile #
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
CC_NAME="../toolchains/x86_64-elf-7.3.0-Linux-x86_64/bin/x86_64-elf-gcc"
CWARNS=-Wall -Wextra -Werr
CFLAGS=-nostdlib -ffreestanding -mcmodel=large -mno-red-zone -mno-mmx -mno-sse -mno-sse2
CDEFINES=-DNDEBUG
CINCLUDES=-I./kaleid
CC=$(CC_NAME) $(CWARNS) $(CFLAGS) $(CDEFINES) $(CINCLUDES)
ASM=nasm
ASMFLAGS=
BOOTFLAGS=-f bin
BINDIR=../bin
OBJDIR=../obj
BOOTDIR=boot
COMMDIR=kaleid/common
KERNDIR=kaleid/kernel
SYSTDIR=kaleid/system
all: bootloader
boot.mbr.s: $(BOOTDIR)/mbr.s
$(ASM) $(BOOTFLAGS) $(BOOTDIR)/mbr.s -o $(OBJDIR)/boot/mbr.bin
boot.loader.s: $(BOOTDIR)/loader.s
$(ASM) $(BOOTFLAGS) $(BOOTDIR)/loader.s -o $(OBJDIR)/boot/loader.bin
bootloader: boot.mbr.s boot.loader.s
dd if=/dev/zero of=$(BINDIR)/disk.img bs=1024 count=0 seek=1048576
su -c "mkfs.vfat $(BINDIR)/disk.img -F 32 -r 112 -S 512 -v"
dd if=$(OBJDIR)/boot/mbr.bin of=$(BINDIR)/disk.img count=1
su -c "mkdir /mnt/disk && mount -o loop $(BINDIR)/disk.img /mnt/disk"
cp $(OBJDIR)/boot/loader.bin /mnt/disk/loader.bin
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
# TESTING MAKEFILE
pseudo_kern:
$(ASM) $(BOOTFLAGS) $(BOOTDIR)/pseudo_kernel.s -o $(OBJDIR)/boot/pkernel.bin
testing: bootloader pseudo_kern
cat $(BINDIR)/bootloader.bin $(OBJDIR)/boot/pkernel.bin > $(BINDIR)/boot.bin
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
# COMMON MAKEFILE
COMM_DEPS=$(COMMDIR)/common.h $(COMMDIR)/assert.h $(COMMDIR)/atomic.h $(COMMDIR)/config.h \
$(COMMDIR)/status.h $(COMMDIR)/string.h $(COMMDIR)/types.h
common.lib.string.c: $(COMMDIR)/lib/string.c $(COMM_DEPS)
$(CC) -c $(COMMDIR)/lib/string.c -o ../obj/$(COMMDIR)/lib/string.o
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
# KERNEL MAKEFILE
KERN_DEPS=$(COMM_DEPS)

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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
; GNU GPL OS/K ;
; ;
; Authors: spectral` ;
; NeoX ;
; ;
; Desc: Functions for the OS/K loaders ;
; (x86_64 architecture only) ;
;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
; Prints the (null-terminated) string at address @es:@si ;
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
PrintB:
pushad ; saving context
.pLoop:
lodsb ; loads the character at @es:@si in @al
mov bh, 0x00
mov bl, 0x07
cmp al,0
je .pEnd ; while @al, i.e. while we're not hitting '\0'
mov ah, 0x0E
int 0x10 ; print character @al in color @bl (BIOS interrupt)
jmp .pLoop
.pEnd:
popad ; restores context
ret

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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
; GNU GPL OS/K ;
; ;
; Authors: spectral` ;
; NeoX ;
; ;
; Desc: Functions for the OS/K loaders ;
; (x86_64 architecture only) ;
;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
; Prints the (null-terminated) string at address @es:@si ;
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
PrintB:
pushad ; saving context
.pLoop:
lodsb ; loads the character at @es:@si in @al
cmp al,0
je .pEnd ; while @al, i.e. while we're not hitting '\0'
mov ah, 0x0E
int 0x10 ; print character @al in color @bl (BIOS interrupt)
jmp .pLoop
.pEnd:
popad ; restores context
ret

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Folder description - "boot" //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
This folder contains the source for OS/K's bootloader.
OS/K being intended to only run on x86-64 systems, we have not divided
this folder into one sub-folder per architecture.
It is divided in two parts each of exactly 512 bytes:
- mbr.s (and its auxiliary file mbr.inc)
This is our Master Boot Record (MBR). It switches to long mode
(64 bits mode) then loads the second half of the bootloader.
The MBR must be placed precisely on the first sector of the hard drive.
- loader.s
This is the Kernel Loader. XXX

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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
; GNU GPL OS/K ;
; ;
; Authors: spectral` ;
; NeoX ;
; ;
; Desc: Functions for the OS/K kernel loader ;
; (x86_64 architecture only) ;
;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
; Setting the pages for long model ;
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
[BITS 16]
PagingSetting:
;clear tables
mov edi, 0x1000
mov cr3, edi
xor eax, eax
mov ecx, 4096
rep stosd
mov edi, cr3
;set up new tables
mov DWORD [edi], 0x2003
add edi, 0x1000
mov DWORD [edi], 0x3003
add edi, 0x1000
mov DWORD [edi], 0x4003
add edi, 0x1000
mov ebx, 0x00000003
mov ecx, 512
.setEntry:
mov DWORD [edi], ebx
add ebx, 0x1000
add edi, 8
loop .setEntry
;enable PAE bit in CR4
mov eax, cr4
or eax, 1<<5
mov cr4, eax
;switch from REAL MODE
;set long mode bit
mov ecx, 0xc0000080
rdmsr
or eax, 1<<8
wrmsr
;enable paging
mov eax, cr0
or eax, 1<<31
mov cr0, eax
ret

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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
; GNU GPL OS/K ;
; ;
; Authors: spectral` ;
; NeoX ;
; ;
; Desc: Kernel (second stage) Loader for OS/K ;
; (x86_64 architecture only) ;
;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
[ORG 0x1000]
pop ax
mov [Bootdrv], ax
jmp main
;; DATA
%define TRAM 0x0B8000 ; [T]ext[RAM]
%define VRAM 0x0A0000 ; [V]ideo[RAM]
Bootdrv db 0x00
VGA_HEIGHT dq 0
VIDEO_MODE dw 0
;; GDT WITH DOC
GDT64:
NULL_SELECTOR: ;; null selector within 64 bits
dw GDT_LENGTH ; limit of GDT
dw GDT64 ; linear address of GDT
dd 0x0
CODE_SELECTOR: ;; 32-bit code selector (ring 0)
dw 0x0FFFF ; Segment Limit 15:00
db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address 23:00
db 10011010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used.
; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable.
; | | | | | `------- 1 if "conformant". Don't know what is it... spectral ? xD
; | | | | `-------- 1 always
; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor
; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0
; | `----------- DPL (2/2)
; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault
db 11001111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16
; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17
; | | | | | `------- Limit 18
; | | | | `-------- Limit 19
; | | | `--------- available for use
; | | `---------- 0 always
; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits
; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko)
db 0x0 ; Base Address 31:24
DATA_SELECTOR: ;; flat data selector (ring 0)
dw 0x0FFFF ; Segment Limit 15:00
db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address 23:00
db 10010010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used.
; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable.
; | | | | | `------- expansion direction. 1 for a LIFO
; | | | | `-------- 1 always
; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor
; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0
; | `----------- DPL (2/2)
; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault
db 10001111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16
; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17
; | | | | | `------- Limit 18
; | | | | `-------- Limit 19
; | | | `--------- available for use
; | | `---------- 0 always
; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits
; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko)
db 0x0 ; Base Address 31:24
LONG_SELECTOR: ;; 64-bit code selector (ring 0)
dw 0x0FFFF ; Segment Limit 15:00
db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address 23:00
db 10011010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used.
; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable.
; | | | | | `------- 1 if "conformant". Don't know what is it... spectral ? xD
; | | | | `-------- 1 always
; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor
; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0
; | `----------- DPL (2/2)
; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault
db 10101111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16
; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17
; | | | | | `------- Limit 18
; | | | | `-------- Limit 19
; | | | `--------- available for use
; | | `---------- 0 always
; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits
; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko)
db 0x0 ; Base Address 31:24
GDT_LENGTH:
[BITS 16]
disable_cursor:
pushf
push eax
push edx
mov dx, 0x3D4
mov al, 0xA ; low cursor shape register
out dx, al
inc dx
mov al, 0x20 ; bits 6-7 unused, bit 5 disables the cursor, bits 0-4 control the cursor shape
out dx, al
pop edx
pop eax
popf
ret
get_dimensions:
push eax
push ebx
mov ah, 0x0F
int 0x10
mov [VGA_HEIGHT], ah
mov [VIDEO_MODE], al
pop ebx
pop eax
ret
main:
;; DISABLING CURSOR BLINKING AND GETTING INFOS
call get_dimensions
call disable_cursor
;;GO GDT64
cli ; disable interrupts
lgdt [GDT64]
;; ACTIVATE PROTECTED MODE
mov eax, cr0
or al, 1b ; PE = 1
mov cr0, eax
;; DISABLE PAGING
mov eax, cr0
and eax, 0x7FFFFFFF ; PG = 0
; |0|111111111111111111111111111111
; |
; `------ Paging bit
mov cr0, eax
push dword [VIDEO_MODE]
push dword [VGA_HEIGHT]
jmp (CODE_SELECTOR-GDT64):main32
[BITS 32]
VIDEO_MODE32 dw 0
VGA_HEIGHT32 dw 0
main32:
pop dword [VGA_HEIGHT32]
pop dword [VIDEO_MODE32]
;; INITIALIZE PROTECTED MODE SEGMENT REGISTERS
mov ax, DATA_SELECTOR-GDT64
mov ds, ax
mov es, ax
mov fs, ax
mov gs, ax
mov ss, ax
;; ACTIVATE PHYSICAL ADRESS EXTENSION
mov eax, cr4
or eax, 100000b ; PAE = 1 = 4 Mo / page. 0 = 4 Ko
mov cr4, eax
;;cleanup
mov edi, 0x70000
mov ecx, 0x10000
xor eax, eax
rep stosd
;;formatting
mov dword [0x70000], 0x71000 + 7 ; first PDP table
mov dword [0x71000], 0x72000 + 7 ; first page directory
mov dword [0x72000], 0x73000 + 7 ; first page table
mov edi, 0x73000 ; address of first page table
mov eax, 7
mov ecx, 256 ; number of pages to map (1 MB)
.make_page_entries:
stosd
add edi, 4
add eax, 0x1000
loop .make_page_entries
;; pointing pml4
mov eax, 0x70000 ; Bass address of PML4
mov cr3, eax ; load page-map level-4 base
;; ACTIVATE LONG MODE
mov ecx, 0xC0000080 ; address of MSR
rdmsr ; read MSR
or eax, 100000000b ; LME = 1. (Long Mode Enable)
wrmsr ; write MSR
;; ACTIVATE PAGING
mov eax, cr0
or eax, 0x80000000 ; make bit 31 (PG = Paging) to 1 :
; |1|000000000000000000000000000000
; |
; `------ Paging bit
mov cr0, eax
push dword 0
push dword [VIDEO_MODE]
push dword 0
push dword [VGA_HEIGHT]
jmp (LONG_SELECTOR-GDT64):main64
[BITS 64]
;; FUNCTIONS
write:
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
; x64/LM Text Printing Functions ;
; bl : color code ;
; esi : string address ;
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
mov edi, [NextTRAM] ;TRAM ADDRESS
push rsi
push rdi
.pLoop:
lodsb
cmp al, 0 ; while @al, i.e. while we're not hitting '\0'
je .pEnd
cmp al, 0x0A ; LF
je .lf
cmp al, 0x0D ; CR
je .cr
stosb ; text subpixel
mov al, bl
stosb ; color subpixel
add qword [NextTRAM], 0x2 ; Cursor moving
add qword [VGA_X], 0x2 ; coord + 2 because 2 subpixels
jmp .pLoop
.pEnd:
pop rdi
pop rsi
ret
.lf:
mov rax, [VGA_HEIGHT64]
add [NextTRAM], rax ; Cursor moving
add [NextTRAM], rax
add edi, eax ; Address moving
add edi, eax
jmp .pLoop
.cr:
push rax
mov rax, qword [VGA_X]
sub qword [NextTRAM], rax ; pos = X + Y * VGA_HEIGHT64. Donc pos - X = début de ligne
sub edi, edx
mov qword [VGA_X], 0
pop rax
jmp .pLoop
.scroll:
jmp .pLoop
;; DATA
txt db 0x09, " Switching to Long Mode... OK", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0
NextTRAM dq 0x0B8AA0 ; Last position of cursor
VIDEO_MODE64 dq 0
VGA_HEIGHT64 dq 0
VGA_X dq 0x0
msg db "The system is now in x64 mode. Is this not beautiful ?", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0
main64:
pop qword [VGA_HEIGHT64]
pop qword [VIDEO_MODE64]
;; INITIALIZE STACK
mov rsp, 0x9F000
;; NOTIFYING
mov bl, 0x0A
mov esi, txt
call write
mov bl, 0x0B
mov esi, msg
call write
mov bl, 0x0C
mov esi, msg
call write
mov bl, 0x0D
mov esi, msg
call write
mov bl, 0x0E
mov esi, msg
call write
;call KERNEL
jmp $
times 1024-($-$$) db 144
KERNEL:

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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
; GNU GPL OS/K ;
; ;
; Authors: spectral` ;
; NeoX ;
; ;
; Desc: Kernel (second stage) Loader for OS/K ;
; (x86_64 architecture only) ;
;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
[ORG 0x1000]
pop word [Bootdrv]
jmp main
;; DATA
%define TRAM 0x0B8000 ; [T]ext[RAM]
%define VRAM 0x0A0000 ; [V]ideo[RAM]
Bootdrv db 0x00
VGA_HEIGHT dq 0
VIDEO_MODE dw 0
;; GDT WITH DOC
GDT64:
NULL_SELECTOR: ;; null selector within 64 bits
dw GDT_LENGTH ; limit of GDT
dw GDT64 ; linear address of GDT
dd 0x0
CODE_SELECTOR: ;; 32-bit code selector (ring 0)
dw 0x0FFFF ; Segment Limit 15:00
db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address 23:00
db 10011010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used.
; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable.
; | | | | | `------- 1 if "conformant". Don't know what is it... spectral ? xD
; | | | | `-------- 1 always
; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor
; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0
; | `----------- DPL (2/2)
; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault
db 11001111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16
; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17
; | | | | | `------- Limit 18
; | | | | `-------- Limit 19
; | | | `--------- available for use
; | | `---------- 0 always
; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits
; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko)
db 0x0 ; Base Address 31:24
DATA_SELECTOR: ;; flat data selector (ring 0)
dw 0x0FFFF ; Segment Limit 15:00
db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address 23:00
db 10010010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used.
; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable.
; | | | | | `------- expansion direction. 1 for a LIFO
; | | | | `-------- 1 always
; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor
; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0
; | `----------- DPL (2/2)
; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault
db 10001111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16
; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17
; | | | | | `------- Limit 18
; | | | | `-------- Limit 19
; | | | `--------- available for use
; | | `---------- 0 always
; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits
; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko)
db 0x0 ; Base Address 31:24
LONG_SELECTOR: ;; 64-bit code selector (ring 0)
dw 0x0FFFF ; Segment Limit 15:00
db 0x0, 0x0, 0x0 ; Base Address 23:00
db 10011010b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- 1 when segment used.
; | | | | | | `------ 1 when writable.
; | | | | | `------- 1 if "conformant". Don't know what is it... spectral ? xD
; | | | | `-------- 1 always
; | | | `--------- 1 for segment descriptor, 0 for system descriptor
; | | `---------- DPL !!! 0 for ring 0
; | `----------- DPL (2/2)
; `------------ 1 if in physical memory, 0 if page fault
db 10101111b ; |7|6|5|4|3|2|1|0|
; | | | | | | | `----- Limit 16
; | | | | | | `------ Limit 17
; | | | | | `------- Limit 18
; | | | | `-------- Limit 19
; | | | `--------- available for use
; | | `---------- 0 always
; | `----------- size of data. 1 for 32bits
; `------------ 0 if limit is in Bytes, 1 if it's in pages (4ko)
db 0x0 ; Base Address 31:24
GDT_LENGTH:
[BITS 16]
disable_cursor:
pushf
push eax
push edx
mov dx, 0x3D4
mov al, 0xA ; low cursor shape register
out dx, al
inc dx
mov al, 0x20 ; bits 6-7 unused, bit 5 disables the cursor, bits 0-4 control the cursor shape
out dx, al
pop edx
pop eax
popf
ret
get_dimensions:
push eax
push ebx
mov ah, 0x0F
int 0x10
mov [VGA_HEIGHT], ah
mov [VIDEO_MODE], al
pop ebx
pop eax
ret
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
; Checks if the CPU is compatible with 64-bits operating systems ;
; If the 21th bit of the eax register is set, then CPUID is supported ;
; We then test CPUID's result to see if long mode is supported ;
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
Is64bits:
pushfd ; recovering the flags in eax
pop eax
mov ecx, eax
xor eax, 0x200000
push eax
popfd
pushfd
pop eax
xor eax, ecx
shr eax, 21
and eax, 1 ; magical spell of murta
push ecx
popfd
test eax, eax
jz .NonCompat ; if (CPUID non supporté) goto NonCompat
mov eax, 0x80000000
cpuid
cmp eax, 0x80000001
jb .NonCompat ; if (eax <= 0x80000001) goto NonCompat
mov eax, 0x80000001
cpuid
test edx, 1 << 29
jz .NonCompat ; if (edx != 1 << 29) goto NonCompat
ret ; back to mbr.s
.NonCompat:
stc
ret
;; INCLUDES
%include "boot/common.inc" ; for PrintB
main:
;; compatibility check
mov si, Init
call PrintB
pop si
call Is64bits
jc ErrorNo64
push si
mov si, Pass
call PrintB
;; enabling A20
mov si, EnA20
call PrintB
pop si
in al, 0x92
or al, 2
out 0x92, al
push si
mov si, Pass
call PrintB
;; DISABLING CURSOR BLINKING AND GETTING INFOS
call get_dimensions
call disable_cursor
;;GO GDT64
cli ; disable interrupts
lgdt [GDT64]
;; ACTIVATE PROTECTED MODE
mov eax, cr0
or al, 1b ; PE = 1
mov cr0, eax
;; DISABLE PAGING
mov eax, cr0
and eax, 0x7FFFFFFF ; PG = 0
; |0|111111111111111111111111111111
; |
; `------ Paging bit
mov cr0, eax
push dword [VIDEO_MODE]
push dword [VGA_HEIGHT]
jmp (CODE_SELECTOR-GDT64):main32
[BITS 32]
VIDEO_MODE32 dw 0
VGA_HEIGHT32 dw 0
main32:
pop dword [VGA_HEIGHT32]
pop dword [VIDEO_MODE32]
;; INITIALIZE PROTECTED MODE SEGMENT REGISTERS
mov ax, DATA_SELECTOR-GDT64
mov ds, ax
mov es, ax
mov fs, ax
mov gs, ax
mov ss, ax
;; ACTIVATE PHYSICAL ADRESS EXTENSION
mov eax, cr4
or eax, 100000b ; PAE = 1 = 4 Mo / page. 0 = 4 Ko
mov cr4, eax
;;cleanup
mov edi, 0x70000
mov ecx, 0x10000
xor eax, eax
rep stosd
;;formatting
mov dword [0x70000], 0x71000 + 7 ; first PDP table
mov dword [0x71000], 0x72000 + 7 ; first page directory
mov dword [0x72000], 0x73000 + 7 ; first page table
mov edi, 0x73000 ; address of first page table
mov eax, 7
mov ecx, 256 ; number of pages to map (1 MB)
.make_page_entries:
stosd
add edi, 4
add eax, 0x1000
loop .make_page_entries
;; pointing pml4
mov eax, 0x70000 ; Bass address of PML4
mov cr3, eax ; load page-map level-4 base
;; ACTIVATE LONG MODE
mov ecx, 0xC0000080 ; address of MSR
rdmsr ; read MSR
or eax, 100000000b ; LME = 1. (Long Mode Enable)
wrmsr ; write MSR
;; ACTIVATE PAGING
mov eax, cr0
or eax, 0x80000000 ; make bit 31 (PG = Paging) to 1 :
; |1|000000000000000000000000000000
; |
; `------ Paging bit
mov cr0, eax
push dword 0
push dword [VIDEO_MODE]
push dword 0
push dword [VGA_HEIGHT]
jmp (LONG_SELECTOR-GDT64):main64
[BITS 64]
;; FUNCTIONS
write:
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
; x64/LM Text Printing Functions ;
; bl : color code ;
; esi : string address ;
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
mov edi, [NextTRAM] ;TRAM ADDRESS
push rsi
push rdi
.pLoop:
lodsb
cmp al, 0 ; while @al, i.e. while we're not hitting '\0'
je .pEnd
cmp al, 0x0A ; LF
je .lf
cmp al, 0x0D ; CR
je .cr
stosb ; text subpixel
mov al, bl
stosb ; color subpixel
add qword [NextTRAM], 0x2 ; Cursor moving
add qword [VGA_X], 0x2 ; coord + 2 because 2 subpixels
jmp .pLoop
.pEnd:
pop rdi
pop rsi
ret
.lf:
mov rax, [VGA_HEIGHT64]
add [NextTRAM], rax ; Cursor moving
add [NextTRAM], rax
add edi, eax ; Address moving
add edi, eax
jmp .pLoop
.cr:
push rax
mov rax, qword [VGA_X]
sub qword [NextTRAM], rax ; pos = X + Y * VGA_HEIGHT64. Donc pos - X = début de ligne
sub edi, edx
mov qword [VGA_X], 0
pop rax
jmp .pLoop
.scroll:
jmp .pLoop
;; DATA
txt db 0x09, " Switching to Long Mode... OK", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0
Init db 0x09, " Checking CPUID", 0
EnA20 db 0x09, " Enabling A20 line", 0
Pass db " OK", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0
NextTRAM dq 0x0B8AA0 ; Last position of cursor
VIDEO_MODE64 dq 0
VGA_HEIGHT64 dq 0
VGA_X dq 0x0
msg db "The system is now in x64 mode. Is this not beautiful ?", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0
main64:
pop qword [VGA_HEIGHT64]
pop qword [VIDEO_MODE64]
;; INITIALIZE STACK
mov rsp, 0x9F000
;; NOTIFYING
mov bl, 0x0A
mov esi, txt
call write
mov bl, 0x0B
mov esi, msg
call write
mov bl, 0x0C
mov esi, msg
call write
mov bl, 0x0D
mov esi, msg
call write
mov bl, 0x0E
mov esi, msg
call write
;call KERNEL
jmp $
[BITS 16]
ErrorNo64:
mov si, NoLongMode
call PrintB
Die:
cli
hlt ; die nooooow
retf
times 1024-($-$$) db 144
KERNEL:

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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
; GNU GPL OS/K ;
; ;
; Authors: spectral` ;
; NeoX ;
; ;
; Desc: Functions for the OS/K mbr ;
; (x86_64 architecture only) ;
;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
; Checks if the CPU is compatible with 64-bits operating systems ;
; If the 21th bit of the eax register is set, then CPUID is supported ;
; We then test CPUID's result to see if long mode is supported ;
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
[BITS 16]
Is64bits:
pushfd ; recovering the flags in eax
pop eax
mov ecx, eax
xor eax, 0x200000
push eax
popfd
pushfd
pop eax
xor eax, ecx
shr eax, 21
and eax, 1 ; magical spell of murta
push ecx
popfd
test eax, eax
jz .NonCompat ; if (CPUID non supporté) goto NonCompat
mov eax, 0x80000000
cpuid
cmp eax, 0x80000001
jb .NonCompat ; if (eax <= 0x80000001) goto NonCompat
mov eax, 0x80000001
cpuid
test edx, 1 << 29
jz .NonCompat ; if (edx != 1 << 29) goto NonCompat
ret ; back to mbr.s
.NonCompat:
stc
ret
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
; loading second stage loader (loader.s) ;
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
LoadSec:
;; prepare data for reading the disk
xor ax, ax
mov dl, [Bootdrv]
int 0x13
mov ax, SECOND_STAGE
mov es, ax
xor bx, bx
mov ah, 2 ; ah = 2 = function read sectors from disk
mov al, 2 ; al = number of sectors to read (1 - 128)
xor ch, ch ; ch = track/cylinder number
mov cl, 2 ; sector number
xor dh, dh ; dh = head number
mov dl, [Bootdrv]
int 0x13
jc .read_error
ret
.read_error:
popa
stc
ret

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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
; GNU GPL OS/K ;
; ;
; Authors: spectral` ;
; NeoX ;
; ;
; Desc: Functions for the OS/K mbr ;
; (x86_64 architecture only) ;
;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
; Checks if the CPU is compatible with 64-bits operating systems ;
; If the 21th bit of the eax register is set, then CPUID is supported ;
; We then test CPUID's result to see if long mode is supported ;
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;

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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
; GNU GPL OS/K ;
; ;
; Authors: spectral` ;
; NeoX ;
; ;
; Desc: Master Boot Record for OS/K ;
; (x86_64 architecture only) ;
;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
[BITS 16] ; real mode
[ORG 0x7C00] ; address where the BIOS/UEFI CSM is loading us
jmp 0x0000:Start ; far-jump to avoid loading address issues with older BIOSes
; some older BIOSes could load bootloader.bin at 0x7C00:0x0000
; while newer ones would load it at 0x0000:0x7C00...
; here the far-jump sets CS to 0
bootdb db 'GNUOS/K ' ;Fabricant + n°série Formatage
sizec dw 512 ;octet/secteur
db 1 ;secteur/cluster
reserv dw 1 ;secteur reserv‚
nbfat db 2 ;nb de copie de la FAT
nbfit dw 224 ;taille rep racine
allclu dw 2880 ;nb secteur du volume si < 32 még
db 0F0h ;Descripteur de média
fatsize dw 9 ;secteur/FAT
nbtrack dw 18 ;secteur/piste
head dw 2 ;nb de tˆteb de lecture/écriture
hidden dd 0 ;nombre de secteur cach‚s
dd 0 ;si nbsecteur = 0 nbsect ; the number of sectors
bootdrv db 0 ;Lecteur de d‚marrage
bootsig db 0 ;NA
db 29h ;boot signature 29h
bootsig2 dd 01020304h ;no de serie
pope db 'COS2000 ' ;nom de volume
db 'FAT12 ' ;FAT
;; DATA
Bootdrv db 0x00
Starting db 0x0A, 0x0D, 0x07, " GNU GPL OS/K ", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x0D, 0
NoLongMode db 0x0A, 0x0D, "ERROR: Your computer is not designed for x64 OS", 0
A20ERR db 0x0A, 0x0D, "ERROR: Failed to enable A20 line!", 0
SwErr db 0x0A, 0x0D, "ERROR: Loading failed!", 0
Init db 0x09, " Checking CPUID", 0
EnA20 db 0x09, " Enabling A20 line", 0
Switch db 0x09, " Loading Second Stage", 0
Pass db " OK", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0
%define SECOND_STAGE 0x100
;; INCLUDES
%include "boot/mbr.inc" ; for Is64Bits
%include "boot/common.inc" ; for PrintB
Start:
pushad
pushfd
pushf
mov [Bootdrv], dl ; dl contains the boot drive. Saving it.
;; hello world
push si
mov si, Starting
call PrintB
;; compatibility check
mov si, Init
call PrintB
pop si
call Is64bits ; in mbr.inc
jc ErrorNo64
push si
mov si, Pass
call PrintB
;; enabling A20
mov si, EnA20
call PrintB
pop si
in al, 0x92
or al, 2
out 0x92, al
jc A20Fail
push si
mov si, Pass
call PrintB
;; switch to second stage
mov si, Switch
call PrintB
pop si
;; Reset floppy drive and load second stage
call LoadSec ; Loading from boot disk
jc SwFail
popf
popfd
popad
mov ax, [Bootdrv]
push ax
jmp dword SECOND_STAGE:0000 ; Jumping to second stage loader.
;;END OF MBR
;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------;;
A20Fail:
mov si, A20ERR
call PrintB
jmp Die
SwFail:
mov si, SwErr
call PrintB
jmp Die
ErrorNo64:
mov si, NoLongMode
call PrintB
Die:
cli
hlt ; die nooooow
jmp Die
End:
times 510-($-$$) db 144 ; NOP until 510
dw 0xAA55 ; magic word

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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
; GNU GPL OS/K ;
; ;
; Authors: spectral` ;
; NeoX ;
; ;
; Desc: Master Boot Record for OS/K ;
; (x86_64 architecture only) ;
;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
%define SECOND_STAGE 0x100
[BITS 16] ; real mode
[ORG 0x7C00] ; address where the BIOS/UEFI CSM is loading us
jmp short Start
;; File Allocation Table Disk Identifiers
nop
OEM_ID db "GPL OS/K"
BytesPerSector dw 0x0200
SectorsPerCluster db 0x08
ReservedSectors dw 0x0020
TotalFATs db 0x02
MaxRootEntries dw 0x0000
NumberOfSectors dw 0x0000
MediaDescriptor db 0xF8
SectorsPerFAT dw 0x0000
SectorsPerTrack dw 0x003D
SectorsPerHead dw 0x0002
HiddenSectors dd 0x00000000
TotalSectors dd 0x00FE3B1F
BigSectorsPerFAT dd 0x00000778
Flags dw 0x0000
FSVersion dw 0x0000
RootDirectoryStart dd 0x00000002
FSInfoSector dw 0x0001
BackupBootSector dw 0x0006
TIMES 12 DB 0 ; going to the next offset
DriveNumber db 0x00
ReservedByte db 0x00
Signature db 0x29
VolumeID dd 0xFFFFFFFF
VolumeLabel db "OS/K BDISK "
SystemID db "FAT32 "
Start:
;; saving registers for future
pushad
pushfd
pushf
;; dl contains the boot drive. Saving it.
mov [Bootdrv], dl
;; hello world
push si
mov si, Starting
call PrintB
;; SWITCHING TO LOADER
mov si, Switch
call PrintB
pop si
mov cx, word [SectorsPerCluster] ; size of a cluster in sectors is stored in cx
; computing location of the begining of the Data area and store in ax
mov al, byte [TotalFATs] ; Total number of FATs
mul word [BigSectorsPerFAT] ; Number of sectors for a FAT
add ax, word [ReservedSectors] ; Find the start of the Data area
mov word [Datasector], ax ; Store the begining of the Data area
; reading 1st data cluster into memory (7C00:0200)
mov ax, word [RootDirectoryStart]
call ClusterLBA
mov bx, 0x0200 ; copy 1st data cluter above bootcode
call ReadSectors
; Point Index register to 1st File Entry
mov di, 0x0200 + 0x20
;Point to the offset where the file location information contains
mov dx, word [di + 0x001A]
mov word [Cluster], dx
;Set up the segments where the loader needs to be loaded ;)
mov ax, 0100h ; set ES:BX = 0100:0000
mov es, ax
xor bx, bx
;Read the cluster which contains the loader
mov cx, 0x0008
mov ax, word [Cluster]
call ClusterLBA
call ReadSectors
;Jump to the location where the loader was loded
popf
popfd
popad
push word [Bootdrv]
call dword SECOND_STAGE:0000
; Exiting
mov ah, 0x00
int 0x19 ; warm boot computer
;;END OF MBR
;;----------------------------------------------------------------------------;;
;; DATA
Starting db 0x0A, 0x0D, 0x07, "GNU GPL OS/K", 0x0A, 0x0D, 0x0A, 0x0D, 0
Switch db 0x09, " Loading Second Stage", 0
AbsoluteSector db 0x00
AbsoluteHead db 0x00
AbsoluteTrack db 0x00
Cluster dw 0x0000
Datasector dw 0x0000
Bootdrv db 0x00
;; INCLUDES
%include "boot/common.inc" ; for PrintB
;; INTERNAL FUNCTIONS
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
; loading second stage loader (loader.s) ;
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
ReadSectors:
.main:
mov di, 0x0005 ; five retries for error
.sectorloop:
push ax
push bx
push cx
call LbaToChs
mov ah, 0x02 ; BIOS read sector
mov al, 0x01 ; read one sector
mov ch, BYTE [AbsoluteTrack] ; track
mov cl, BYTE [AbsoluteSector] ; sector
mov dh, BYTE [AbsoluteHead] ; head
int 0x13 ; invoke BIOS
jnc .success ; test for read error
xor ax, ax ; BIOS reset disk
int 0x13 ; invoke BIOS
dec di ; decrement error counter
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
jnz .sectorloop ; attempt to read again
int 0x18
.success:
pop cx
pop bx
pop ax
add bx, WORD [BytesPerSector] ; queue next buffer
inc ax ; queue next sector
loop .main ; read next sector
ret
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
; Converts LBA Adresses to CHS ;
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
LbaToChs:
xor dx, dx ; prepare dx:ax for operation
div WORD [SectorsPerTrack] ; calculate
inc dl ; adjust for sector 0
mov BYTE [AbsoluteSector], dl
xor dx, dx ; prepare dx:ax for operation
div WORD [SectorsPerHead] ; calculate
mov BYTE [AbsoluteHead], dl
mov BYTE [AbsoluteTrack], al
ret
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
; Converts FAT Adresses to LBA ;
;-------------------------------------------------------------------;
ClusterLBA:
sub ax, 0x0002 ; zero base cluster number
xor cx, cx
mov cl, BYTE [SectorsPerCluster] ; convert byte to word
mul cx
add ax, WORD [Datasector] ; base data sector
ret
;; Holes
SwFail:
jmp Die
ErrorNo64:
mov si, NoLongMode
call PrintB
Die:
cli
hlt ; die nooooow
jmp Die
End:
times 510-($-$$) db 144 ; NOP until 510
dw 0xAA55 ; magic word

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Kernel entry point //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
extern void scrollup(unsigned int);
extern void print(char *);
extern kY;
extern kattr;
void _start(void)
{
kY = 18;
kattr = 0x5E;
print("un message\n");
kattr = 0x4E;
print("un autre message\n");
scrollup(2);
while (1);
}

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Kernel entry point //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//

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;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
; GNU OS/K ;
; ;
; Authors: spectral` ;
; NeoX ;
; ;
; Desc: Pseudo kernel test for OS/K ;
; (x86_64 architecture only) ;
;=----------------------------------------------------------------------------=;
[BITS 64]
times 1024-($-$$) db 144

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Kernel screen func //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#include "types.h"
#define RAMSCREEN 0xB8000 /* debut de la memoire video */
#define SIZESCREEN 0xFA0 /* 4000, nombres d'octets d'une page texte */
#define SCREENLIM 0xB8FA0
char kX = 0; /* position courante du curseur a l'ecran */
char kY = 17;
char kattr = 0x0E; /* attributs video des caracteres a afficher */
/*
* 'scrollup' scrolle l'ecran (la console mappee en ram) vers le haut
* de n lignes (de 0 a 25).
*/
void scrollup(unsigned int n)
{
unsigned char *video, *tmp;
for (video = (unsigned char *) RAMSCREEN;
video < (unsigned char *) SCREENLIM; video += 2) {
tmp = (unsigned char *) (video + n * 160);
if (tmp < (unsigned char *) SCREENLIM) {
*video = *tmp;
*(video + 1) = *(tmp + 1);
} else {
*video = 0;
*(video + 1) = 0x07;
}
}
kY -= n;
if (kY < 0)
kY = 0;
}
void putcar(uchar c)
{
unsigned char *video;
int i;
if (c == 10) { /* CR-NL */
kX = 0;
kY++;
} else if (c == 9) { /* TAB */
kX = kX + 8 - (kX % 8);
} else if (c == 13) { /* CR */
kX = 0;
} else { /* autres caracteres */
video = (unsigned char *) (RAMSCREEN + 2 * kX + 160 * kY);
*video = c;
*(video + 1) = kattr;
kX++;
if (kX > 79) {
kX = 0;
kY++;
}
}
if (kY > 24)
scrollup(kY - 24);
}
/*
* 'print' affiche a l'ecran, a la position courante du curseur, une chaine
* de caracteres terminee par \0.
*/
void print(char *string)
{
while (*string != 0) { /* tant que le caractere est different de 0x0 */
putcar(*string);
string++;
}
}

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#include "types.h"
#define RAMSCREEN 0xB8000 /* debut de la memoire video */
#define SIZESCREEN 0xFA0 /* 4000, nombres d'octets d'une page texte */
#define SCREENLIM 0xB8FA0
char kX = 0; /* position courante du curseur a l'ecran */
char kY = 17;
char kattr = 0x0E; /* attributs video des caracteres a afficher */
/*
* 'scrollup' scrolle l'ecran (la console mappee en ram) vers le haut
* de n lignes (de 0 a 25).
*/
void scrollup(unsigned int n)
{
unsigned char *video, *tmp;
for (video = (unsigned char *) RAMSCREEN;
video < (unsigned char *) SCREENLIM; video += 2) {
tmp = (unsigned char *) (video + n * 160);
if (tmp < (unsigned char *) SCREENLIM) {
*video = *tmp;
*(video + 1) = *(tmp + 1);
} else {
*video = 0;
*(video + 1) = 0x07;
}
}
kY -= n;
if (kY < 0)
kY = 0;
}
void putcar(uchar c)
{
unsigned char *video;
int i;
if (c == 10) { /* CR-NL */
kX = 0;
kY++;
} else if (c == 9) { /* TAB */
kX = kX + 8 - (kX % 8);
} else if (c == 13) { /* CR */
kX = 0;
} else { /* autres caracteres */
video = (unsigned char *) (RAMSCREEN + 2 * kX + 160 * kY);
*video = c;
*(video + 1) = kattr;
kX++;
if (kX > 79) {
kX = 0;
kY++;
}
}
if (kY > 24)
scrollup(kY - 24);
}
/*
* 'print' affiche a l'ecran, a la position courante du curseur, une chaine
* de caracteres terminee par \0.
*/
void print(char *string)
{
while (*string != 0) { /* tant que le caractere est different de 0x0 */
putcar(*string);
string++;
}
}

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#ifndef _I386_TYPE_
#define _I386_TYPE_
typedef unsigned char u8;
typedef unsigned short u16;
typedef unsigned int u32;
typedef unsigned char uchar;
#endif

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Assertions //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#ifndef __kaleid_assert_h
#define __kaleid_assert_h
#if !defined(NDEBUG)
extern const char *panicstr;
extern void panic(const char *) __dead;
#define assert(x) do{if(!(x))panic(#x);}while(0);
#define assert_never_used(x) do{static bool __anu_##x = FALSE; \
assert(__anu_##x == FALSE); __anu_##x = TRUE;}while(0);
#define assert_used_once(x) do{static bool __anu_##x; assert(__anu_##x == TRUE);} while(0);
#else // NDEBUG
#define assert(x)
#define assert_never_used(x)
#define assert_used_once(x)
#endif // NDEBUG
#endif

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Atomic stuff //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#ifndef __kaleid_atomic_h
#define __kaleid_atomic_h
// atomic_t defined in common/types.h
#define cli() // XXX
#define sti() // XXX
#define hlt() // XXX
#endif

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Standard include file for both kernel/ and system/ //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#ifndef __kaleid_common_h
#define __kaleid_common_h
#define true 1
#define TRUE 1
#define YES 1
#define false 0
#define FALSE 0
#define NO 0
#define NULL ((void*)0)
#define PACKED __attribute__((packed))
#define __dead __attribute__((noreturn))
#define THROWS(...)
#define ERRS(...)
#include "common/types.h"
#include "common/config.h"
#include "common/atomic.h"
#include "common/status.h"
#include "common/assert.h"
#endif

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Default configuration file //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// XXX update the tree etc
// This file is to be copied to "config.h" and edited before compilation
// We may do a script that generates "config.h" for the user, asking about
// the different configuration choices in the terminal.
#ifndef __kaleid_config_h
#define __kaleid_config_h
//------------------------------------------//
// General configuration choices //
//------------------------------------------//
// Enable multiprocessor support?
// Right now this has to be left to NO
#define MULTIPROCESSOR NO
// etc...
// this file is to be progressively filled
#endif

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Default configuration file //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// XXX update the tree etc
// This file is to be copied to "config.h" and edited before compilation
// We may do a script that generates "config.h" for the user, asking about
// the different configuration choices in the terminal.
#ifndef __kaleid_config_h
#define __kaleid_config_h
//------------------------------------------//
// General configuration choices //
//------------------------------------------//
// Enable multiprocessor support?
// Right now this has to be left to NO
#define MULTIPROCESSOR NO
// etc...
// this file is to be progressively filled
#endif

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: strlen() function //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#include "common/string.h"
// XXX several of these should be re-wrote in assembly
size_t strlen(const char *s)
{
size_t i;
for (i = 0; s; s++, i++);
return i;
}
/*size_t wcslen(const wchar_t *s);
{
int i;
for (i = 0; s; s++, i++);
return s;
}*/

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Values for status_t //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#ifndef __kaleid_status_h
#define __kaleid_status_h
#define STATUS_FAILED(x) ((x) < 0))
#define STATUS_SUCCESS(x) (!STATUS_FAILED(x))
#define SUCCESS (0) // everything went fine
#define FAILED (-1)
#define ERROR FAILED // something went wrong, can't be more precise
#define NOT_PERMITTED (-2)
#define ACCESS_DENIED (-3)
#define BAD_ARGUMENT (-4) // invalid arguments, can't be more precise
#define BAD_ARG_RANGE (-5) // arguments out of range
#endif

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Kaleid string library //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#ifndef __kaleid_string_h
#define __kaleid_string_h
#include "common/common.h"
size_t strlen(const char *s);
#endif

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Essential types for Kaleid //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#ifndef __kaleid_types_h
#define __kaleid_types_h
typedef _Bool bool;
typedef unsigned char uchar;
typedef unsigned short ushort;
typedef unsigned int uint;
typedef unsigned long ulong;
typedef long double ldouble;
typedef short status_t;
typedef short port_t;
typedef uint wchar_t;
typedef ulong size_t;
typedef long ssize_t;
// XXX
typedef int atomic_t;
typedef ulong pid_t; // etc...
#endif

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Folder description - "kaleid/kernel" //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
This is the folder containing the source of Kaleid's kernel.
It contains the following files:
- init.c
The file containing the entry point of Kaleid, the kstart() function
called from the bootloader (see ../../boot).
This folder also has the following subfolders
(for more information on a particular subfolder, see {name}/folder.desc)
- mm/
This folder contains all files related to memory management.
- fs/
This folder contains Kaleid's virtual filesystem, as well as one
subfolder for each FS supported by Kaleid (e.g. FAT filesystem).
- io/
I/O folder. (XXX)
- ps/
This folder contains Kaleid's process manager and scheduler, as well as the
implementation of the related syscalls and functions.
- ex/
This folder contains the exec()-related functions and syscalls, as well
as one subfolder per executable format supported by Kaleid (e.g. ELF executable)
- se/
Security folder. (XXX)
- sys/
Syscall folder. (XXX)

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Kernel entry point //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#include "kernel/init.h"
#include "kernel/io/terminal.h"
void _start(void)
{
assert(strlen("test") == 4);
kterm_init();
kterm_print("Hello World!");
}

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Include file for init.c //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#ifndef __kaleid_kernel_init_h
#define __kaleid_kernel_init_h
#include "common/common.h"
#include "common/string.h"
// kernel entry point
void kstart(void);
#endif

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Ports I/O //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#include "kernel/io/ports.h"

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Ports I/O //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#ifndef __kaleid_kernel_io_ports_h
#define __kaleid_kernel_io_ports_h
#include "common/common.h"
#define outb(port,val) asm volatile ("outb %1, %0" : : "dN" (port), "a" (value))
uchar inb(port_t port);
ushort inw(port_t port);
#endif

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Early terminal functions //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#include "kernel/io/terminal.h"
// VGA buffer size
static const size_t kterm_width = 80;
static const size_t kterm_height = 25;
// position in the buffer
static size_t current_row;
static size_t current_col;
static uchar current_color;
// each buffer entry is composed of two bytes
// one is the color code, the other the character
static ushort *const buffer = (ushort *)0xB8000;
#define ComputeColorCode(fg, bg) ((fg) | (bg) << 4)
#define ComputeEntryOffset(x, y) ((y) * kterm_width + (x))
#define ComputeEntry(ch, cl) (((ushort)(ch)) | (ushort)(cl) << 8)
void kterm_init(void)
{
assert_never_used(kterm_init);
kterm_change_color(ComputeColorCode(KTERM_COLOR_LIGHT_GREY, KTERM_COLOR_BLACK));
kterm_clear();
}
void kterm_clear(void)
{
size_t x, y;
assert_used_once(kterm_init);
for (x = 0; x < kterm_width; x++) {
for (y = 0; y < kterm_height; y++) {
const size_t offset = ComputeEntryOffset(x,y);
buffer[offset] = ComputeEntry(' ', current_color);
}
}
// go back to beginning
current_row = current_col = 0;
// XXX cursor update
}
status_t kterm_change_color(uchar color)
{
if (color > KTERM_COLOR_WHITE)
return BAD_ARG_RANGE;
current_color = color;
return SUCCESS;
}
void kterm_putchar(char ch)
{
int i;
size_t prev;
assert_used_once(kterm_init);
// carriage return takes us back to the beginning of the line
// no further test should be necessary
if (ch == '\r') { current_col = 0; return; }
// line feed first takes us to the very end of the line
// later in this function we actually do the line feed
else if (ch == '\n') { current_col = kterm_width - 1; }
// tabulations account for 4 spaces
else if (ch == '\t') {
prev = current_row;
// compiler will optimize this away
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
// tabulations can't spread over two lines
if (current_row != prev) return;
kterm_putchar(' ');
}
}
// XXX check whether we were given a writable character
else {
const size_t offset = ComputeEntryOffset(current_col, current_row);
buffer[offset] = ComputeEntry(ch, current_color);
}
// end of line?
if (++current_col == kterm_width) {
current_col = 0;
// end of buffer?
if (++current_row == kterm_height) {
current_row = 0;
// XXX save previous buffer(?) and clear
}
}
}
void kterm_print(const char *s)
{
while (*s) {
kterm_putchar(*s);
s++;
}
}
void panic(const char *s)
{
cli();
panicstr = s;
kterm_clear();
kterm_print("panic! - ");
kterm_print(s);
while (1) hlt();
__builtin_unreachable();
}

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Early terminal functions //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
#ifndef __kaleid_kernel_io_terminal_h
#define __kaleid_kernel_io_terminal_h
#include "common/common.h"
// all available colors
enum {
KTERM_COLOR_BLACK,
KTERM_COLOR_BLUE,
KTERM_COLOR_GREEN,
KTERM_COLOR_CYAN,
KTERM_COLOR_RED,
KTERM_COLOR_MAGENTA,
KTERM_COLOR_BROWN,
KTERM_COLOR_LIGHT_GREY,
KTERM_COLOR_DARK_GREY,
KTERM_COLOR_LIGHT_BLUE,
KTERM_COLOR_LIGHT_GREEN,
KTERM_COLOR_LIGHT_CYAN,
KTERM_COLOR_LIGHT_RED,
KTERM_COLOR_LIGHT_MAGENTA,
KTERM_COLOR_LIGHT_BROWN,
KTERM_COLOR_WHITE
};
void kterm_init(void);
void kterm_clear(void);
void kterm_putchar(char ch);
void kterm_print(const char *s);
status_t kterm_change_color(uchar color) ERRS(BAD_ARG_RANGE);
#endif

0
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make
dd if=/dev/zero of=../bin/disk.img bs=1024 count=0 seek=$[1024*1024]

0
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src = $PWD
scp -Rv ./src/ "/home/neox/Documents/GNU OSK"
cd "/home/neox/Documents/GNU OSK/src/"
make
cd $src
scp -Rv "/home/neox/Documents/GNU OSK/obj" ..
scp -Rv "/home/neox/Documents/GNU OSK/bin" ..
qemu-system-x86_64 -drive file="/home/neox/Documents/GNU OSK/bin/bootloader.bin",index=0,media=disk,format=raw -boot a -d cpu_reset
qemu-system-i386 -drive file="/home/neox/Documents/GNU OSK/bin/bootloader.bin",index=0,media=disk,format=raw -boot a -no-reboot -no-shutdown -d cpu_reset

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Notes on the coding style and //
// conventions used throughout OS/K //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
To keep naming conventions and code style, we have decided to create this file.
How the code looks isn't the most important, so don't worry too much about this;
making the code conform to this file can be done later.
Every file within OS/K is written using spaces for tabulation, with each
tabulation being 4 spaces long.
(naming conventions here)

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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// GNU GPL OS/K //
// //
// Authors: spectral` //
// NeoX //
// //
// Desc: Project Tree //
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------//
src/
|
+ boot/
| |
| x folder.desc
| |
| - mbr.s
| - func.inc
| |
| - loader.s
|
+ kaleid/
| |
| + kernel/
| | |
| | x folder.desc
| | |
| | - init.c
| | - init.h
| | |
| | + lib/
| | |
| | + mm/
| | |
| | + fs/
| | | |
| | | + fat/
| | | + ext2/
| | |
| | + io/
| | |
| | + ps/
| | |
| | + ex/
| | | |
| | | + aout
| | | + elf
| | |
| | + se/
| | |
| | + sys/
| |
| + system/
0

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make
cp ../bin/bootloader.bin "~/Documents/GNU OSK/bin/bootloader.bin"
qemu-system-x86_64 -hda "~/Documents/GNU OSK/bin/bootloader.bin"
qemu-system-i386 -hda "~/Documents/GNU OSK/bin/bootloader.bin"

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make && cp ../bin/bootloader.bin "~/Documents/GNU OSK/bin/bootloader.bin"
qemu-system-x86_64 -hda "~/Documents/GNU OSK/bin/bootloader.bin"
qemu-system-i386 -hda "~/Documents/GNU OSK/bin/bootloader.bin"