707 lines
30 KiB
Markdown
707 lines
30 KiB
Markdown
# Alpine XFCE4 desktop setup
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===========================================================
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This is a single only full article for first users,
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targeted for mid-impatient that just want the way to see the desktoip in some hours:
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If you are impatient: [.. use this guide named Fast Forward XFCE desktop](../tutorials/alpine-tutorial-desktop-xfce4-fast-forward.md)
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If you want wayland crap: [.. use this guide named Fast Forward Wayland desktop](../tutorials/alpine-tutorial-desktop-wayland-try.md)
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* [How to use this guide](#how-to-use-this-guide)
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* [Installation of alpine](#installation-of-alpine)
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* [Fast explanations, just 5 lines](#explanations)
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* [how to install in single disc only](#how-to-install-in-single-disc-only)
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* [preparation](#preparation-xfce4-aline)
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* [instalation](#instalation)
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* [setup OS configuration](#setup-os-configuration)
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* [configuration programs and repositories](#configuration-programs-and-repositories)
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* [setup system users](#setup-system-users)
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* [setup hardware media support and graphical subsystem](#setup-hardware-media-support-and-graphical-subsystem)
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* [setup software graphical fonts and languajes](#setup-software-graphical-fonts-and-languajes)
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* [setup hardware media support and sound subsystem](#setup-hardware-media-support-and-sound-subsystem)
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* [Instalacion XFCE4 Alpine](#instalacion-xfce4-apine)
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* [Desktop multimedia and media devices](#desktop-multimedia-and-media-devices)
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* [Desktop Office suite](#desktop-office-suite)
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* [Development](#development)
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* [base console development](#base-console-development)
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* [base gui development](#base-gui-development)
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* [Licensing clarifications](#licensing-clarifications)
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* [See also](#see-also)
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## How to use this guide
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This guide **structure all the commands in blocks, each block its separated by a line spaced**,
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so you must **tipe each line as is.. and hit enter**, but if you are in gui or remotelly just do:
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1. copy each separated by empty line, block of command, copy only blocks separate by empty line
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2. and paste each separated by empty line block in the remnote (ssh), do not paste all the blocks at same time!
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**If you have another computer or gui**, try to use SSH client like putty or just in terminal (MAC or Linux) do:
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1. at the Alpine installation: `sed -i 's|.*PermitRootLogin.*|PermitRootLogin yes|g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config;service sshd restart`
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2. at the other OS just connect: `ssh -l root <ip>` change "`<ip>`" with the address of your device.
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3 after finish, rerun: `sed -i -r 's|.*PermitRootLogin.*|PermitRootLogin no|g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config;service sshd restart`
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> **Warning** Some Linux or/and Mac terminals have security cut/paste locks, so
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if you paste, the first line will be preceded by garbage, check always the first char of your paste.
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## Installation of alpine
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This guide will assume all the hard disk storage for the installation
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otherwise check the best option at [alpine-newbie-install.md](alpine-newbie-install.md)
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Ok but if you are impatient: [.. use this guide named Fast Forward XFCE desktop](../tutorials/alpine-tutorial-desktop-xfce4-fast-forward.md)
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#### Explanations
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Alpine is the OS (Operating System), that runs on your machine.
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Programs such as a web browser runs on the OS, and web pages like
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this are handled by the web browser.
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About desktop? alpine is the Program combo that really runs in dockers,
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becouse of that, the desktop part its not so targeted and focused..
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Linux is just the kernel that handles and manages the hardware to the operating system
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#### how to install in single disc only
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* **1** download the image of the alpine ISO
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* i386 older 32bit use : http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.12/releases/x86_64/alpine-extended-3.12.0_rc1-x86.iso
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* amd64 newer 64bit use : http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.16/releases/x86_64/alpine-extended-3.16.0_rc1-x86_64.iso
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* amrv7 64bit modern use : http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.16/releases/armv7/alpine-standard-3.16.0_rc1-armv7.iso
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* **2** dump into usb stick.. check the process to do here: [alpine-newbie-how-to-dumb-easyle-with-gui-to-usb.md](alpine-newbie-how-to-dumb-easyle-with-gui-to-usb.md)
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* **3** boot the usb stick from your computer.. this will depend of your vendor
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* **4** after boot, just login.. using "root" word
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* **5** type "setup-disk" and start to answer the first two questions, keyboard type and layout
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* **6** Keyboard Layout (Local keyboard language and usage mode, e.g. us and variant of us-nodeadkeys.)
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* **7** Hostname (The name for the computer.) Please here dont put symbols, and use a 8 chars only name.
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* **8** Network (For example, automatic IP address discovery with the "DHCP" protocol.) for hoe just use "dhcp"
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* **9** DNS Servers (Domain Name Servers to query. just use google's 8.8.8.8 .)
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* **10** Timezone, becouse this is a single install just use UTC
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* **11** Proxy (Use "none" for direct connections to the internet.)
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* **12** Mirror (From where to download packages. Here put 1 and later we will tune up)
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* **13** SSH (Secure SHell remote access server, mandatory, "Openssh" is part of the default install image)
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* **14** NTP (Network Time Protocol client used for keeping the system clock in sync with a time server. "chrony")
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* **15** Disk Mode here just select the sys mode, we are installing to use as desktop in single disc, so all the data will be wiped and erased.
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If you must tune up we recommended to use virtual machine or check the best option at [alpine-newbie-install.md](alpine-newbie-install.md)
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## preparation Xfce4 Alpine
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To have a usable desktop without having to wonder why it doesn't sound,
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or why the video file doesn't display, **you should avoid minimalisms if
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you don't already have advanced knowledge** of alpine and even more so of linux.
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#### Internet required or offile iso
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If you dont have wired internet connection, check [lack of wireless setup](#lack-of-wireless-setup) section of this document.
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**Or just please use our direct VenenuX Alpine ISOS**
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[CURRENT LINK https://t.me/alpine_linux/762, but ask in telegram alpine network for newer one](https://t.me/s/alpine_linux/762)
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#### setup OS configuration
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1. deny access to the ssh root user, or well, get sure to deny such access
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2. setup and start the ssh service, this always be present in Alpine installs
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3. set the name of the computer, here we used `venenux-desktop`, please avoid symbols
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4. hardcoded and set the network connection, to first wired network device
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5. setup services of network to init at boot check [differences of hard coded setup](#differences-of-hard-coded-setup) section of this document
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6. configure root account
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7. create a remote connection limited account `daru`, check [the daru user explanation](#the-daru-user-explanation) section of this document
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8. configure a default remote connection account `daru` as standard
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```
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sed -i -r 's|#PermitRootLogin.*|PermitRootLogin no|g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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service sshd restart
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rc-update add sshd default
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hostname venenux-desktop
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echo 'hostname="venenux-desktop"' > /etc/conf.d/hostname
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echo "venenux-desktop" > /etc/hostname
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cat > /etc/hosts << EOF
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127.0.0.1 venenux-desktop localhost.localdomain localhost
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::1 localhost localhost.localdomain
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EOF
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cat > /etc/network/interfaces << EOF
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auto lo
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iface lo inet loopback
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auto eth0
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iface eth0 inet dhcp
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iface eth0 inet6 dhcp
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pre-up echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/eth0/accept_ra
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EOF
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rc-service networking restart
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rc-update add networking boot
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cat > /root/.cshrc << EOF
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unsetenv DISPLAY || true
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HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
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EOF
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cp /root/.cshrc /root/.bashrc /root/.profile
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echo "root:toor" | chpasswd
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apk add tcsh
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add-shell '/bin/csh'
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adduser -D -g "" -u 998 -h /opt/daru -s /bin/csh daru
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echo "daru:daru" | chpasswd
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rm -f /opt/daru/*
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mkdir /opt/daru
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cat > /opt/daru/.cshrc << EOF
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unsetenv DISPLAY
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set autologout = 6
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set prompt = "$ "
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set history = 0
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set ignoreeof
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EOF
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cp /opt/daru/.cshrc /opt/daru/.bashrc
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apk add e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-doc btrfs-progs btrfs-progs-doc exfat-utils exfat-utils-doc f2fs-tools f2fs-tools-doc dosfstools dosfstools-doc xfsprogs xfsprogs-doc jfsutils jfsutils-doc
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apk add testdisk testdisk-doc partimage partimage-doc parted parted-doc util-linux zram-init
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```
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Those command put your alpine in "non minimalist mode" so means
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* manpages will be available, so you can check the operating system and gnu documetation
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* commands will work exactly as another linxu or mac, google results of your doubs will work
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* will reduce the environment of the system users and minimize the confortability of root account
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* will provide all the system tools to the devices management
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for more info of `daru`, check [the daru user explanation](#the-daru-user-explanation) section of this document
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Next section will cover the suser management and programs support:
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#### configuration programs and repositories
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1. Setup main and community repositories of sources of programs
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2. update the local references of such repositories
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3. install main command line utilities man page manager and easy to use editor
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4. install string manipulation tools for the commands on the console
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5. install file downloaders and url handlers for command line administration
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6. install backend support for backend of archivers, will be need in any futher kind of install
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7. setup the pager for large outputs over the console
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8. install the support for languaje environment
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``` bash
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cat > /etc/apk/repositories << EOF
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http://dl-4.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v$(cat /etc/alpine-release | cut -d'.' -f1,2)/main
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http://dl-4.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v$(cat /etc/alpine-release | cut -d'.' -f1,2)/community
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EOF
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apk update
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apk add man-db man-pages nano nano-doc binutils binutils-doc coreutils coreutils-doc readline readline-doc
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apk add sed sed-doc attr attr-doc dialog dialog-doc lsof less less-doc groff groff-doc
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apk add wget wget-doc curl curl-doc bash bash-doc bash-completion terminus-font
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apk add zip p7zip xz tar cabextract cpio binutils lha acpi
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export PAGER=less
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apk add musl-locales musl-locales-lang
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```
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The packages that have a "-doc" part handles the manpages.. you can
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avoid those packages, if Alpine usage will be for GUI only.
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The packages of locales will be need as base for multi-lang enviroment.
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If you are impatient: [.. use this guide named Fast Forward XFCE desktop](../tutorials/alpine-tutorial-desktop-xfce4-fast-forward.md)
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#### setup system users
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We will follow a protocol for better identification of all the commands
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in further documents, the user will be called "general"; this is important
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that it has does matter, what does not matter is for you cos you only "use".
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The other important part here is the groups, user will not have porper access
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to resources becouse the OS manages the access using levels by groups. Of course
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all of this only works using the proper policy kit software.
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1. install and setup advanced management of users and administration tool privilegies
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2. setup the shell csh for all present users and future ones
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3. setup the shell bash for all present users and future ones
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4. setup the shell for skel directory, that will server as template
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5. setup the Xresources configuration for skel directory, that will server as template
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6. configure defaults for each new creation of new users with bash as default shell
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7. configure the login environement for each user when login at the console
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8. create the default new general usage user `general` for your desktop or console daily work
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9. include this `general` user in the most used need groups to have proper access to resources
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```
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apk add shadow shadow-doc shadow-uidmap bash bash-doc bash-completion bash-dev doas doas-doc
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cat > /tmp/tmpcs.tmp << EOF
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set history = 10000
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set prompt = "$ "
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EOF
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for i in $(ls /home);do cat /tmp/tmpcs.tmp > /home/$i/.cshrc;done
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cat > /tmp/tmpbs.tmp << EOF
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set prompt = "$ "
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set history = 10000
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if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
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. ~/.bash_aliases
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fi
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EOF
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for i in $(ls /home);do cat /tmp/tmpbs.tmp > /home/$i/.bashrc;done
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mkdir /etc/skel
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cat /tmp/tmpcs.tmp > /etc/skel/.cshrc
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cat /tmp/tmpbs.tmp > /etc/skel/.bashrc
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cat > /etc/skel/.Xresources << EOF
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Xft.antialias: 0
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Xft.rgba: rgb
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Xft.autohint: 0
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Xft.hinting: 1
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Xft.hintstyle: hintslight
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EOF
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cat > /etc/default/useradd << EOF
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# useradd defaults file
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HOME=/home
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INACTIVE=-1
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EXPIRE=
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SHELL=/bin/bash
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SKEL=/etc/skel
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CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=yes
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EOF
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cat > /etc/login.defs << EOF
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USERGROUPS_ENAB yes
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#MAIL_DIR /var/mail
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#MAIL_FILE .mail
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#FAILLOG_ENAB yes
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LOG_OK_LOGINS no
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SYSLOG_SU_ENAB yes
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SYSLOG_SG_ENAB yes
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SULOG_FILE /var/log/sulog
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SU_NAME su
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ENV_SUPATH PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
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ENV_PATH PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games
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UMASK 022
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UID_MIN 1000
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UID_MAX 60000
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SYS_UID_MIN 100
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SYS_UID_MAX 999
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GID_MIN 1000
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GID_MAX 60000
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SYS_GID_MIN 100
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SYS_GID_MAX 999
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LOGIN_RETRIES 3
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LOGIN_TIMEOUT 60
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CONSOLE_GROUPS floppy:audio:cdrom:users
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EOF
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useradd -m -U -c "" -G wheel,input,disk,floppy,cdrom,dialout,audio,video,lp,netdev,games,users,ping general
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for u in $(ls /home); do for g in disk lp floppy audio cdrom dialout video lp netdev games users ping; do addgroup $u $g; done;done
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```
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In the last part the `general` user is created since for purposes of usage
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the name its hard coded for the commands that can be sense and important,
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because of the references in further documents.
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At last, the groups are cofigured for the user, each one will define a
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resource access, specially those for `disk`, `audio`, `video` and `netdev`.
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#### setup hardware media support and graphical subsystem
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Until this point, we have a user that can login to the system,
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and bunch of programs to interact with the OS, but still do not
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have any programs to make the computer or device work for us..
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this target depends of the set of programs, this section will
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configure the graphical environment to property setup any desktop.
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1. install programs to manage devices dinamically by the OS and not admin user
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2. setup service for dynamic device manager at boot, energy management and cpu frecuency management
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3. install the graphical subsystem and modesetting multi GPU video card support
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4. install the programs that manages the 3D backend for graphics
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5. install set of need modules for basic GPU and dummy ones like virtual machines, avoid if not need.
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6. install set of need modules for 2D/3D specific GPU or video card not so older generation supported
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7. install set of need modules for 2D/3D common GPU or video card almost modern still supported
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8. install support for multi resolution and keyboard language configuration over GUI programs
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9. install the bus communitacion support, policy management and login backend and frontend
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10. generate the machine id identification hack for stupid shistemd linux standards
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11. activate the service of the bus cominucations, the policy rules and graphical login backend
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12. start the service of the bus cominucations, the policy rules and graphical login backend
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13. activate the service of the graphical frontend login manager
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14. start the service of the graphical frontend login manager
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15. install support for abstract device filesystem representation using FUSE user space
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16. activate the service of abstract device filesystem representation using FUSE user space
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17. install software backend for usage of abstract device filesystem representation using FUSE user space
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```
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apk add acpi eudev eudev-doc eudev-rule-generator eudev-openrc linux-firmware cpufreqd pciutils util-linux zram-init
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rc-update add udev
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rc-update add acpid
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rc-update add cpufreqd
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apk add xorg-server xorg-server-xnest xorg-server-xephyr xorg-server-doc xorg-server-doc xf86-video-dummy xf86-video-modesetting xf86-input-libinput
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apk add mesa xinit mesa-dri-gallium mesa-osmesa mesa-egl mesa-gl mesa-gles freeglut glew glu
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apk add xf86-video-vesa xf86-video-modesetting xf86-video-qxl xf86-video-vmware xf86-input-evdev xf86-input-synaptics
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apk add xf86-video-r128 xf86-video-s3virge xf86-video-apm xf86-video-i128 xf86-video-glint xf86-video-tdfx xf86-video-openchrome
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apk add xf86-video-intel xf86-video-amdgpu xf86-video-ati xf86-video-nouveau xf86-video-nv xf86-video-vesa
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setup-devd udev
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apk add libxinerama xrandr kbd setxkbmap xf86-input-evdev
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apk add dbus dbus-x11 elogind elogind-openrc elogind-lang polkit polkit-openrc polkit-elogind lightdm lightdm-lang lightdm-gtk-greeter
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dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
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rc-update add dbus
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rc-update add elogind
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rc-update add polkit
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rc-service dbus restart
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rc-service elogind restart
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rc-service polkit restart
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rc-update add lightdm
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rc-service lightdm restart
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apk add fuse fuse-exfat-utils archivemount fuse-exfat avfs vte3 pcre2
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rc-service fuse start
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rc-update add fuse
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apk add gvfs udisks2 udisks2-lang udisks2-doc gvfs-fuse gvfs-archive gvfs-dav gvfs-nfs gvfs-lang
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```
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If you are impatient: [.. use this guide named Fast Forward XFCE desktop](../tutorials/alpine-tutorial-desktop-xfce4-fast-forward.md)
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#### setup software graphical fonts and languajes
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Now we have support for graphics in the operating system,
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but still do not have any graphical program, so we will prepare
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minimal set of software for the right working of the programs
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such like the fonts and the support of multi languajes.
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1. install console support fonts for tty terminal and console terminal programs
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2. setup and configure the default tty terminal fonts
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3. set as service the configuration of the font at terminal
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4. install basic set of default fonts for graphical programs, dejavu and bitstream ones
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5. install fonts for japanese symbos and sans/comic like fonts
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6. install fonts for cyrillic langs to display russian words
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7. install fonts for mid-orient langs like arabic, hebrew, armenian, hindi / sanskrit
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8. install fonts for langs like tailan and malayalam
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9. install fonts for east-orient like chinese symbols,hangul and kana ones, includign japanese
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```
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apk add terminus-font
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setfont /usr/share/consolefonts/ter-132n.psf.gz
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|
||
sed -i "s#.*consolefont.*=.*#consolefont="ter-132n.psf.gz"#g" /etc/conf.d/consolefont
|
||
|
||
rc-update add consolefont boot
|
||
|
||
apk add ttf-dejavu font-bitstream-type1 font-bitstream-100dpi font-bitstream-75dpi font-adobe-utopia-type1 font-adobe-utopia-75dpi font-adobe-utopia-100dpi font-noto-georgian
|
||
|
||
apk add font-noto font-noto-extra font-noto-cjk font-noto-cjk-extra font-arabic-misc ttf-liberation ttf-linux-libertine
|
||
|
||
apk add font-misc-cyrillic font-mutt-misc font-screen-cyrillic font-winitzki-cyrillic font-cronyx-cyrillic
|
||
|
||
apk add font-noto-hebrew font-noto-arabic font-noto-armenian font-noto-cherokee font-noto-devanagari font-noto-ethiopic
|
||
|
||
apk add font-noto-lao font-noto-malayalam font-noto-tamil font-noto-thaana font-noto-thai
|
||
|
||
apk add font-noto-cjk font-noto-cjk-extra font-isas-misc
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
If you want to bypass and dont know anything, run steps from 1 to 4 adn then
|
||
after step 4 just install `font-noto-all` that provides support for all
|
||
langs symbols words.
|
||
|
||
#### setup hardware media support and sound subsystem
|
||
|
||
Audio support these days depends on video support, although it can still be
|
||
configured separately, nowadays it is strongly tied to video, that's why its
|
||
placed here this section, just below of the hardware video setup.
|
||
|
||
It should be noted that in Linux there is the system audio layer and the user audio layer,
|
||
formerly the first was and can used directly, nomadays, by using the second
|
||
we are in transition to the wonderful pipewire framework.
|
||
|
||
1. install the base audio subsystem software
|
||
2. install the base audio framework user support
|
||
3. restart bus communicacion, due we already have the software video subsystem support bus communication
|
||
4. setup the access prority for the audio communication
|
||
5. install optional bluetooth software support if you have a bluez audio card or phones
|
||
6. setup the bluetooth service
|
||
7. start the bluetooth service so the audio devices can be stablished
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
apk add alsa-utils alsa-utils-doc alsa-plugins alsa-plugins-doc alsa-tools alsa-tools-doc alsaconf
|
||
|
||
apk add pipewire pipewire-doc pipewire-pulse pipewire-alsa sndio sndio-doc
|
||
|
||
rc-service dbus restart
|
||
|
||
cat > /etc/security/limits.d/audio-limits.conf << EOF
|
||
@audio - memlock 256
|
||
@audio - nice -11
|
||
@audio - rtprio 88
|
||
EOF
|
||
|
||
apk add bluez bluez-openrc pipewire-spa-bluez
|
||
|
||
rc-update add bluetooth
|
||
|
||
rc-service bluetooth start
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Now at this point we have audio and video configured, additionally we have
|
||
basic support for managing devices dynamically when connecting or disconnecting,
|
||
the only kind of devices not covered yet until this point are printers.
|
||
|
||
For any desktop this is the point where you choose which graphical environment
|
||
or desktop to install. Next section will prefers the XFCE4 desktop setup,
|
||
currently ws the first and its the most complete desktop packaged in the repos.
|
||
|
||
## instalacion Xfce4 Alpine
|
||
|
||
Since Alpine 3.13 the XFCE4 desktop its full modern, this means its pretty more heavy,
|
||
cos is build using GTK3 only.
|
||
|
||
On older or cheap devices, mostly for 32bit devices its better to use alpine 3.10 or 3.12
|
||
that uses GTK2 for almost all the programs.
|
||
|
||
1. install base desktop software packages
|
||
2. install base XFCE4 desktop packages, at this point, the system its ready for graphicall session
|
||
3. install and setup the login manager programs and policy manager software
|
||
4. setup the display login manager to start at boot
|
||
5. start the display manager, now you can use a minimal XFCE4 desktop, continue for complete experience
|
||
6. install cliboard manager, keyboard configurator, screensaver, screenshooter, and baterry manager
|
||
7. install packages for multi lang environment of the XFCE4 desktop if need, if login, logout and relogin
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
apk add gtk-update-icon-cache hicolor-icon-theme paper-gtk-theme adwaita-icon-theme mate-themes
|
||
|
||
apk add xfce4 xfce4-session xfce4-panel xfce4-terminal xarchiver mousepad network-manager-applet xfwm4-themes xfce-polkit xfce4-skel xfce4-power-manager xfce4-settings
|
||
|
||
apk add lightdm elogind elogind-openrc elogind-lang polkit polkit-openrc polkit-elogind lightdm lightdm-lang lightdm-gtk-greeter
|
||
|
||
rc-update add lightdm
|
||
|
||
rc-service lightdm restart
|
||
|
||
apk add xfce4-clipman-plugin xfce4-xkb-plugin xfce4-screensaver xfce4-screenshooter xfce4-taskmanager xfce4-whiskermenu-plugin xfce4-battery-plugin
|
||
|
||
apk add xfce4-panel-lang xfce4-clipman-plugin-lang xfce4-xkb-plugin-lang xfce4-screenshooter-lang xfce4-taskmanager-lang xfce4-whiskermenu-plugin-lang xfce4-battery-plugin-lang xfce4-power-manager-lang xfce4-settings-lang
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
The XFCE4 desktop is the most complete in Alpine, MATE and others have almost complete packages,
|
||
with minor fails or missing. The newers LXQT and CoreCube desktops are made in QT technology
|
||
so are more heavyweith for older devices, specially 32bit systems.
|
||
|
||
the LXDE desktop is not completed in alpine due the stupid mantainers policy of GTK3 targeted.
|
||
|
||
## Desktop multimedia and media devices
|
||
|
||
|
||
The media in linux its per se reduced, and in alpine so then more limited,
|
||
with this lines you will have all the need suported, for converting and playing,
|
||
and minimal support for editing.
|
||
|
||
1. install support for media management muti format over the programs
|
||
2. install support for sound and output of notifications over the programas
|
||
3. install support for media format reading and management backend (convertiion and reading)
|
||
4. install viewers for video and audio files
|
||
5. install management backend for media devices
|
||
6. install video resoulution flexibility and network backend support
|
||
7. install network frontend support and frontend management of network
|
||
8. install service task manager on boot
|
||
9. setup service of wifi backend management
|
||
10. setup general networking backend management service
|
||
11. setup all the users to property manage the audio, video and network devices
|
||
12. reconfigure the interfaces so the network gui can then manage it
|
||
13. start the network manager backend services, so the gui can manager then
|
||
14. at this point logout and relogin from your current sesion to start to work
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
apk add gst-plugins-base gst-plugins-bad gst-plugins-bad-lang gst-plugins-ugly gst-plugins-ugly-lang gst-plugins-good gst-plugins-good-gtk
|
||
|
||
apk add libcanberra-gtk2 libcanberra-gtk3 libcanberra-gstreamer wxgtk-media wxgtk3-media wxgtk-lang
|
||
|
||
apk add mediainfo ffmpeg ffmpeg-doc ffmpeg-libs lame lame-doc rtkit rtkit-doc
|
||
|
||
apk add mpv mpv-doc deadbeef deadbeef-lang deadbeef-doc
|
||
|
||
apk add gvfs gvfs-fuse gvfs-archive gvfs-afp gvfs-afp gvfs-afc gvfs-cdda gvfs-gphoto2 gvfs-mtp pcmanfm
|
||
|
||
apk add libxinerama xrandr wpa_supplicant dhcpcd chrony macchanger wireless-tools iputils
|
||
|
||
apk add network-manager-applet network-manager-applet-lang networkmanager networkmanager-lang networkmanager-elogind networkmanager-elogind-lang networkmanager-elogind-openrc networkmanager-openvpn networkmanager-openvpn-lang
|
||
|
||
rc-update add chrony
|
||
|
||
rc-update add wpa_supplicant
|
||
|
||
rc-update add networkmanager
|
||
|
||
for u in $(ls /home); do for g in plugdev audio cdrom dialout video netdev; do addgroup $u $g; done;done
|
||
|
||
cat > /etc/network/interfaces << EOF
|
||
auto lo
|
||
iface lo inet loopback
|
||
EOF
|
||
|
||
service networking restart
|
||
|
||
service wpa_supplicant restart
|
||
|
||
service networkmanager restart
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## Desktop Office suite
|
||
|
||
In linux world there's no mayor suite or programs in such topic,
|
||
just we need a reader (pdf, ebooks, cbr, zbr, etc) and office
|
||
suite for word/calc processing (doc, xls, odt, ods, etc).
|
||
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
apk add libreoffice libreoffice-gnome evince evince-lang evince-doc
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
The programs will appear in the Office menu category.
|
||
|
||
## development
|
||
|
||
This is only for those that dont want to download bunch of thing
|
||
when install some programs from sources. In any cae, modding and plugin hacks
|
||
will need this for minecraft or minetest hard hacker players.
|
||
|
||
The most important tool for development is the VCS: version control system.
|
||
The most usefull too for GUI development is the IDE: intregrated development environment
|
||
|
||
From this, there's the RAD, means Rapid Application Development and the
|
||
prefered way model for starting newbies..
|
||
|
||
#### base console development
|
||
|
||
1. install the minimal standard needs like make, cmake and gcc, pkg-config was superset by pkgconf
|
||
2. install set of tools to merge or compare files
|
||
3. install the most used version control service: git (GIT) VCS
|
||
4. install the second most used version control service optionally: subversion (SVN) VCS
|
||
5. install the so famous version control service: mercurial (HG) VCS
|
||
6. install session terminal handler, so can save terminal sessions
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
apk add pkgconf make cmake cmake-bash-completion gcc gcc-gdc gcc-go g++ gcc-objc gcc-doc
|
||
|
||
apk add patch patch-doc patchutils patchutils-doc diffutils diffutils-doc
|
||
|
||
apk add git git-bash-completion git-zsh-completion git-cvs git-svn github-cli git-diff-highlight git-doc
|
||
|
||
apk add subversion subversion-bash-completion subversion-zsh-completion subversion-yash-completion subversion-doc
|
||
|
||
apk add mercurial mercurial-bash-completion mercurial-zsh-completion mercurial-doc
|
||
|
||
apk add tmux screen
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
From this point you can work in console terminal all development task,
|
||
of course, each development will need specific need, but this ones installed
|
||
are always basic and mandatory (almost in all cases).
|
||
|
||
Next section, will cover some usefully artifact like an IDE (Intregrated Development Environment):
|
||
|
||
#### base gui development
|
||
|
||
The most compatible and all availabe IDE is geany, **this powerful tool
|
||
is very poorly valued, since like everything in linux it must be configured
|
||
according to your interest**, unlike other java or python craps that comes
|
||
already configured.
|
||
|
||
In such case **Geany is as close to the Unix spirit** it featured: overview,
|
||
htmlpreview, compile, diff, CVS, colorpicker, htmlpicker, tabletools, codecleanup,
|
||
and much more.
|
||
|
||
For terminal insteach of the usage of tmux or screen inside the already GUI,
|
||
we recommended the yet ready for similar purposes Terminator.
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
apk add geany geany-plugins-lang geany-plugins-addons geany-plugins-geanyextrasel geany-plugins-overview geany-plugins-geanyvc geany-plugins-treebrowser geany-plugins-tableconvert geany-plugins-spellcheck geany-plugins-shiftcolumn geany-plugins-utils geany-lang meld meld-lang
|
||
|
||
apk add terminator terminator-lang
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
##### differences of hard coded setup
|
||
|
||
Disk paths, Networks and WIFI in linux have two scopes, the system and the user,
|
||
alpine uses a scope that is overwritten and superset if others apps are installed,
|
||
like networkmanager or desktops is installed, therefore, the network configuration
|
||
we make is temporary, and we assumed then wired one cos is easy to setup.
|
||
|
||
##### lack of wireless setup
|
||
|
||
WIFI networks are a little more complicated, that's why a wired network is assumed,
|
||
if you don't have the possibility of having an internet network, simply use our
|
||
complete iso that already has everything, and there you can use the wifi directly
|
||
from the graphical desktop check [Internet required or offile iso](#internet-required-or-offile-iso) section.
|
||
|
||
##### the daru user explanation
|
||
|
||
The meaning of **"daru"** user is to **able to login to you from another computer by restrictions**..
|
||
so no one can login with other user.. daru have a restricted shell and restricted commands.
|
||
|
||
The **right way its to use SSH Key Pair, but that is so complicated for readers right now**,
|
||
so using a restricted user for connections its enought untill that point.
|
||
|
||
## Licensing clarifications
|
||
|
||
**CC BY-NC-SA**: the project allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material
|
||
in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given
|
||
to the creators involved. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified
|
||
material under identical terms, includes the following elements:
|
||
|
||
* **BY** – Credit must be given to the creator of each content respectivelly, starting at the first contributor.
|
||
* **NC** – Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted, with exceptions if you fill an issue here!
|
||
* **SA** – Adaptations must be shared under the same terms, you must obey this terms and do not change it.
|
||
|
||
https://codeberg.org/alpine/alpine-wiki/src/branch/main#license
|
||
|
||
## See also
|
||
|
||
* [README.md](README.md)
|
||
* [alpine-newbie-install.md](alpine-newbie-install.md)
|
||
* [Fast Forward XFCE desktop](../tutorials/alpine-tutorial-desktop-xfce4-fast-forward.md)
|