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alpine server gitea

Gitea is a community managed lightweight code hosting solution written in Go. It is a fork of Gogs. For a more simple guide use the alpine-howto-gitea-package.md

Table of Contents

Clarifications

  1. Gitea was created by a group of users and contributors of the self-hosted Git service Gogs, It is a fork of Gogs and is written in Go.
  2. There's two ways to deploy, server real one and docker containerized one, best performance its server real, and most isolated one are dockerizer way..
  3. If even though docker always uses Alpine linux as images, and the software is alpine packages, it still has nothing to do with using alpine specific commands.
  4. Git is the version control system (VCS) software behind gitea perse, so must be installed first. But repositories on server are not same as in clients.. server repositories are bare repositories.

Requirements

  • OS required tools:
    • bash
    • grep
    • lsof
    • less
    • curl
    • attr
  • CVS command line
    • git
    • git-lfs
  • Database backend:
    • sqlite
    • mysql
    • postgresql
  • Auth and security:
    • mail
    • gnupg
    • openssl
    • pip
  • Packages publish:
    • curl
    • docker

Preparations

A hostname is a unique name created to identify a machine on a network, configured in /etc/hostname. (make sure to replace "giteahost" with your desired hostname):

hostname giteahost

echo 'hostname="giteahost"' > /etc/conf.d/hostname 

echo "giteahost" > /etc/hostname

You should also add the hostname to your hosts file (/etc/hosts), to obtain the best results if you have in internat network without DNS.

cat > /etc/hosts << EOF
127.0.0.1 giteahost.mydomain.com giteahost localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain
EOF

cat > /tmp/tmp.tmp << EOF
127.0.1.1 giteahost.mydomain.com giteahost
EOF

sed -i '/127.0.0.1/  r /tmp/tmp.tmp' /etc/hosts && rm /tmp/tmp.tmp

Installation

Gitea is a golang build application, so practically has no dependencies, but for minimal good working instance you should considered minimal installation packages. But due is a production server this will lack of doc, manpages and make packages.

  1. added and update normal repositories
  2. install direct dependences: git, gnupg, bash, coreutils
  3. install indirect dependences: grep, lsof, less, curl, binutils, attr
  4. setup the user of the gitea
cat > /etc/apk/repositories << EOF; $(echo)
http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v$(cat /etc/alpine-release | cut -d'.' -f1,2)/main
http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v$(cat /etc/alpine-release | cut -d'.' -f1,2)/community
EOF

apk update

apk add bash coreutils grep lsof less curl binutils dialog attr

apk add git git-lfs gnupg gnupg1 sqlite sqlite libs openssl

export PAGER=less

This guide does work either if are or not in main or edge the gitea package, take note, do not install any more from edge.. so in fact all gitea dependencies must be listed and installed before gitea and edge brand are activated, so the following process will guide and show you how to do that; first gain root privileges or access ssh to your alpine server and then:

  1. alternate edge repositories (do that only if your alpine version are over 3.9)
  2. install gitea from edge repository
  3. restore normal repository
cat >> /etc/apk/repositories << EOF; $(echo)
http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v$(cat /etc/alpine-release | cut -d'.' -f1,2)/main
http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v$(cat /etc/alpine-release | cut -d'.' -f1,2)/community
http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/main
http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/community
EOF

apk update --allow-untrusted

apk add gitea --allow-untrusted

cat > /etc/apk/repositories << EOF; $(echo)
http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v$(cat /etc/alpine-release | cut -d'.' -f1,2)/main
http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v$(cat /etc/alpine-release | cut -d'.' -f1,2)/community
EOF

apk update --allow-untrusted

Warning if your version of alpine are more ancient like 3.6 or 3.8, do not use the edge version, it need upgrading almost to alpine 3.10 to use it, so if you are using a older hardware not supported by recent linux kernel, upgrade to alpine 3.10 and then you can follow this manual. Otherwise just avoit the edge swicht and install the normal already provided older gitea package.

Configurations

Gitea configurations are defined by the gitea service scrip, after install need a backend database, and also a dedicated user, also has configurations files.

Artifac Name Defaults or packaged Customizable
Binary program gitea /usr/bin/gitea no
Daemon script gitea /etc/init.d/gitea no
Daemon user gitea /var/lib/gitea/ no
Group user www-data /var/www/ no
Working dir GITEA_WORK_DIR /var/lib/gitea/ yes
Customizing GITEA_CUSTOM /var/lib/gitea/custom/ yes,depends
Config global gitea.ini /etc/gitea/app.ini yes,depends
Web files STATIC_ROOT_PATH /usr/share/webapps/gitea/ no
Data files APP_DATA_PATH /var/lib/gitea/data/ depends
Git repositories GITEA_GIT_DIR /var/lib/gitea/git yes
Loggin files internally /var/log/gitea no
Database files Sqlite/MariaDB/PG /var/lib/gitea/db/gitea.db yes

Gitea runs as gitea user, and www-data group, so are compatible with any web deploy in system webservers packages of alpine repositories, but not with any other external installation if does not are same as.

Gitea has two configuration files, the system defaults at /var/lib/gitea/conf/app.ini and modifiable package defaults, at /etc/gitea/app.ini. Original files are in /usr/share/webapps/gitea and are defaults non-modifiable.

Gitea can be customized: just take same path from /usr/share/webapps/gitea/ and put in same manner at /var/lib/gitea/custom/ place.

For alterations see next sections where are defined initialization, customization and configurations.

Initialization

Gitea just after install does not need many configurations, the daemon service will init all the needs, but forced setup gui will be need after initialize

  1. start from init script
  2. make enable the init script
  3. check the runing service
  4. visit the gitea service using your web browser
service gitea start

rc-update add gitea default

service gitea status

After check that is "running" you must setup graphically using a web browser, poiting to http://localhost:3000, in the case of this document should be pointing to http://giteahost.mydomain.com:3000 and a web landing will show.

Post install

Using your web browser and pointing to the gitea url path, you will be redirected to the post install page, but first you must prepare the backend database to be used by the service:

Post installation with sqlite

There's no need of preparation, just proceed to "post installation process" section.

Post installation with mysql

TODO:

Post installation with postgresql

TODO:

Post install process

The post-installation process happends when you visit the url with the browser.

The post install page, will be displayed and only are show when try to use the system for the first time, away of the starting page, by example if browse the repositories or try to login. You must not forgotten to setup that final installation process.

Database configs will be depending of the choice made in the steps avobe, just give the required credentials, only the case of sqlite does not need complications.

Administrator account must be configured before push "install gitea", the button at the end of the post-configuration page when you first visit the installation. Provide an username for admin user, take note "admin" are a reserved word so choose another name. after provide passowrd you will continue the installation.

Redirection to landing can be a problem cos after proceed the service of gitea will try to send to "localhost", to fix that, just go to the config file at the key value of ROOT_URL and check not contains "localhost" in it, change to the web url of the server in this case document is http://giteahost.mydomain.com:3000

Theme and templates are already mentioned in the configuration section, just take same path from /usr/share/webapps/gitea/ and put in same manner at /var/lib/gitea/custom/ place, by example to customize default landing page, just take a copy of the /usr/share/webapps/gitea/templates/home.tmpl and put modified one at /var/lib/gitea/custom/templates/home.tmpl as well.

Tunning instances

Gitea is a single application and can work as instanciating a working path, so means you can run as normal application or as system service, inclusive you can also run multiple instances in sabe server:

System running

Gitea binary itselt cannot be start alone, without parameters will put lot of directories and files in the default current path, so to start to use must be using the service from the package.

  1. Start from init script!
  2. Make enabled the init script!
  3. Stop from init script
rc service gitea start

rc-update add gitea default

To stop just run rc-service gitea stop

Standard running

A manual start without init script can be done but its recommended to indicate to use the files installed on the system (by example) as is:

  1. stop any running instance
  2. make a command to run with proper arguments
rc-service gitea stop

GITEA_WORK_DIR='/var/lib/gitea' /usr/bin/gitea web --config /etc/gitea/app.ini

This commands will start the gitea manually as standar alone, but will use the config files and installed files from the package.

Multiple instances

As same manner you can setup multiple instances of gitea, by many ways:

  • By just run "Standar" command with specific alternate config files, but using new user
  • By just run "Service" fork new unit file with alternate config files, but using new user

By example to run another instance using the system files as starting point as Standard alone application:

  1. stop the main daemon
  2. added a shell restricted and setup a new restricted user for instance of gitea "2"
  3. create the new user that will run the another instance of gitea
  4. copy the config file to use as template config file for instance of gitea "2"
  5. create directories for future new files of the instance tha will run
  6. change the variables and configuration to point to the new user of the instance
  7. fix and set right permissions for the new user of the instance "2"
  8. run the new instance as "Standard" alone instance named gitea "2"
rc-service gitea stop

apk add tcsh

add-shell '/bin/csh'

adduser -S -D -h /var/lib/gitea2 -s /bin/bash -g '' gitea2

cp /etc/gitea/app.ini /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini

mkdir -p /var/lib/gitea2/db
mkdir -p /var/lib/gitea2/log
sed -i -r 's#ROOT = /.*#ROOT = /var/lib/gitea2/git#g' /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini
sed -i -r 's#RUN_USER.*#RUN_USER = gitea2#g' /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini
sed -i -r 's#APP_DATA_PATH.*#APP_DATA_PATH = /var/lib/gitea2/data#g' /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini
sed -i -r 's#PATH = /.*#PATH = /var/lib/gitea/db/gitea2.db#g' /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini
sed -i -r 's#^ROOT_PATH = /.*#ROOT_PATH = /var/lib/gitea2/log#g' /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini

chown -R gitea2:www-data /var/lib/gitea2
chmod 0755 /var/lib/gitea2/db
chmod 0755 /var/lib/gitea2/log
chmod 0755 /var/lib/gitea2

GITEA_WORK_DIR='/var/lib/gitea2' /usr/bin/gitea web --config /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini

By example to run another instance using the system files as starting point as System running application:

  1. stop the main daemon and setup a new restricted user for instance of gitea "2"
  2. create the new user that will run the another instance of gitea
  3. copy the config file to use as template config file for instance of gitea "2"
  4. create directories for future new files of the instance tha will run
  5. change the variables and configuration to point to the new user of the instance
  6. copy the unit service to use a new service template
  7. change the variables and configuration to point to the new instance user
  8. fix and set right permissions for the new user of the instance "2"
  9. run the new instance as "Standard" alone instance named gitea "2"
rc-service gitea stop

apk add tcsh

add-shell '/bin/csh'

adduser -S -D -h /var/lib/gitea2 -s /bin/bash -g '' gitea2

cp /etc/gitea/app.ini /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini

mkdir -p /var/lib/gitea2/db
mkdir -p /var/lib/gitea2/log
sed -i -r 's#ROOT = /.*#ROOT = /var/lib/gitea2/git#g' /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini
sed -i -r 's#RUN_USER.*#RUN_USER = gitea2#g' /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini
sed -i -r 's#APP_DATA_PATH.*#APP_DATA_PATH = /var/lib/gitea2/data#g' /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini
sed -i -r 's#PATH = /.*#PATH = /var/lib/gitea/db/gitea2.db#g' /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini
sed -i -r 's#^ROOT_PATH = /.*#ROOT_PATH = /var/lib/gitea2/log#g' /var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini

cp /etc/init.d/gitea /etc/init.d/gitea2

sed -i -r 's#name=.*#name=gitea2#g' /etc/init.d/gitea2
sed -i -r 's#command_user=.*#command_user=gitea2#g' /etc/init.d/gitea2
sed -i -r 's#/etc/gitea/app.ini#/var/lib/gitea2/gitea2.ini#g' /etc/init.d/gitea2
sed -i -r 's#/var/lib/gitea#/var/lib/gitea2#g' /etc/init.d/gitea2
sed -i -r 's#/var/log/gitea#/var/lib/gitea2/log#g' /etc/init.d/gitea2
sed -i -r 's#/run/gitea.pid#/run/gitea2.pid#g' /etc/init.d/gitea2

chown -R gitea2:www-data /var/lib/gitea2
chmod 0755 /var/lib/gitea2/db
chmod 0755 /var/lib/gitea2/log
chmod 0755 /var/lib/gitea2

rc service gitea2 start

rc-update add gitea2 default

Warning if you runs multiple instances, each one must have different port, this means you must check in the config app.ini file (like the gitea2.ini ) that after the póst setup procedure, the port are correct and different, if not just, before or after change it with HTTP_PORT and ROOT_URL keys.

Serving web gui

The gitea by itselft its also a web service, but you have three options to made this:

  1. Root hijacking web server: by configuring as the main web service, this is using the port 80 instead of the default 3000 number. Of course the disadvantage is that will be the only web service over the standar http port
  2. Proxy [sub]domain web service: by configurin as service behind another web server, but using a hole domain for the service, this still is a variant of the first case, cos will run behind a web server, that will reverse proxy the resquest to the gitea service, this setup is only usefully if you run multiple domains in same web service, so gitea dont hijack the hole web service, and only hijack one domain of the web service.
  3. Proxy subpath of the web service: by configuring as part of the same web service, just inside a path, event a hole domain or subdomnain, this is pretty usefully cos the service of gitea will coexist with others in sabe path domain. This is a variant of the second case, using a web server as reverse proxy.

The options 2 and 3 with usage of domain filtering is useful for multiple instances, and the real reason of this mixed configuration of webserver+gitea setup.

Root hijacking web server

Just remove or stop any service over the web http port and configure the gitea service over the web http standart port, by default 80 for http. The domain or any ip request over the service will show the gitea service as web page.

Proxy [sub]domain web service

This will need a web server and gitea service, the web server will do those process:

  1. filter the domain
  2. trap the request and reverse/proxy to the backend service (gitea) port

Usin apache2

Install the apache2 server as the tutorial server-alpine-apache2-professional.md no matter if have support for ssl, use the part of the Apache2 alpine proxy modules setup then setup a proxy by addiding a new file for gitea redirections; the use of domain filtering is useful for multiple instances, and the real reason of this mixed configuration of webserver+gitea setup.

apk add apache2 apache2-utils apache2-error apache2-proxy-html apache2-proxy

mkdir -p /var/www/localhost/htdocs /var/log/apache2

sed -i -r 's#^Listen.*#Listen 80#g' /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
sed -i -r 's#^ServerTokens.*#ServerTokens Minimal#g' /etc/apache2/httpd.conf

chown -R apache:www-data /var/www/localhost/
chown -R apache:wheel /var/log/apache2

mkdir -p /var/www/localhost/cgi-bin

sed -i -r 's#.*LoadModule.*modules/mod_cgid.so.*#LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so#g' /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
sed -i -r 's#.*LoadModule.*modules/mod_cgi.so.*#LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so#g' /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
sed -i -r 's#.*LoadModule.*modules/mod_alias.so.*#LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so#g' /etc/apache2/httpd.conf

sed -i -r 's#/usr/lib/libxml2.so#/usr/lib/libxml2.so.2#g' /etc/apache2/conf.d/proxy-html.conf
sed -i -r 's#.*ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/.*#    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/localhost/cgi-bin"#g' /etc/apache2/httpd.conf

cat >> /etc/apache2/conf.d/gitea.conf << EOF
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ProxyPreserveHost On
    ProxyRequests off
    AllowEncodedSlashes NoDecode
    ProxyPass / http://127.0.0.1:3000/ nocanon
</VirtualHost>
EOF

rc-update add apache2 default

rc-service apache2 restart

Usin lighttpd

For this, the redirection to the gitea service port is configured, it can be through the root route or it can be by filtering the domain, the use of domain filtering is useful for multiple instances, and the real reason of this mixed configuration of webserver+gitea setup.

apk add lighttpd gamin

mkdir -p /var/www/localhost/htdocs /var/lib/lighttpd

chown -R lighttpd:lighttpd /var/www/localhost/
chown -R lighttpd:lighttpd /var/lib/lighttpd
chown -R lighttpd:lighttpd /var/log/lighttpd

sed -i -r 's#\#.*server.port.*=.*#server.port          = 80#g' /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf
sed -i -r 's#\#.*server.event-handler = "linux-sysepoll".*#server.event-handler = "linux-sysepoll"#g' /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

mkdir -p /var/www/localhost/cgi-bin
sed -i -r 's#\#.*mod_alias.*,.*#    "mod_alias",#g' /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf
sed -i -r 's#.*include "mod_cgi.conf".*#   include "mod_cgi.conf"#g' /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

sed -i -r 's#\#.*mod_accesslog.*,.*#    "mod_accesslog",#g' /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf
sed -i -r 's#\#.*mod_setenv.*,.*#    "mod_setenv",#g' /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

sed -i -r 's#\#.*mod_redirect.*,.*#    "mod_redirect",#g' /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf
sed -i -r 's#\#.*mod_proxy.*,.*#    "mod_proxy",#g' /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

cat > /etc/lighttpd/mod_gitea.conf << EOF
\$HTTP["host"] =~ ".*" {
  \$HTTP["url"] =~ "(^/(\$))" {   
    proxy.server  = ( "" => ("" => ( "host" => "0.0.0.0", "port" => 3000 ))) 
  }
}
EOF

itawxrc="";itawxrc=$(grep 'include "mod_gitea.conf' /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf);[[ "$itawxrc" != "" ]] && echo listo || sed -i -r 's#.*include "mime-types.conf".*#include "mime-types.conf"\ninclude "mod_gitea.conf"#g' /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

rc-update add lighttpd default

rc-service lighttpd restart

Proxy [sub]path web service

Using apache2

Just the same as the previous method but using a path, in both gitea and apache2.

Using lighttpd

Unfortunately you can't configure lighttpd for a gitea sub path, becouse the issue https://github.com/gogs/gogs/issues/4741 gitea becomes the drama object of a couple of developers that dont care about flexibilty.

So the only way its by the combination of the previous method, using the apache2 for the real proxy reverse redirection and lighttpd as real frontend web service.

  1. setup the proxy reverse with the apache2 method but using sub path
  2. setup the proxy reverse with the lighttpd but using sub path to the apache web service

see also

LICENSE

CC BY-NC-SA: the project allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creators involved. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified material under identical terms, includes the following elements:

  • BY – Credit must be given to the creator of each content respectivelly, starting at the first contributor.
  • NC – Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted, with exceptions if you fill an issue here!
  • SA – Adaptations must be shared under the same terms, you must obey this terms and do not change it.

For more information check the alpine/copyright.md