Fix gocryptfs_jni.c invalid string access

Signed-off-by: Hardcore Sushi <hardcore.sushi@disroot.org>

.gitmodules

@@ -7,3 +7,6 @@
 [submodule "app/libcryfs"]
 	path = app/libcryfs
 	url = https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/libcryfs.git
+[submodule "app/ffmpeg/ffmpeg"]
+	path = app/ffmpeg/ffmpeg
+	url = https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.git

BUILD.md

@@ -1,18 +1,21 @@
 # Introduction
 DroidFS relies on modified versions of the original encrypted filesystems programs to open volumes. [CryFS](https://github.com/cryfs/cryfs) is written in C++ while [gocryptfs](https://github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs) is written in [Go](https://golang.org). Thus, building DroidFS requires the compilation of native code. However, for the sake of simplicity, the application has been designed in a modular way: you can build a version of DroidFS that supports both Gocryptfs and CryFS, or only one of the two.
 
-Moreover, DroidFS aims to be accessible to as many people as possible. If you encounter any problems or need help with the build, feel free to open an issue, a discussion, or contact me by [email](mailto:hardcore.sushi@disroot.org) or on [Matrix](https://matrix.org): @hardcoresushi:matrix.underworld.fr
+Moreover, DroidFS aims to be accessible to as many people as possible. If you encounter any problems or need help with the build, feel free to open an issue, a discussion, or contact me (currently the main developer) by [email](mailto:gh@arkensys.dedyn.io) or on [Matrix](https://matrix.org): @hardcoresushi:matrix.underworld.fr
 
 # Setup
+
+The following two steps assume you're using a Debian-based Linux distribution. Package names might be similar for other distributions. Don't hesitate to ask if you're having trouble with this.
+
 Install required packages:
 ```
-$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-11-jdk-headless build-essential pkg-config git gnupg2 wget apksigner
+$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-17-jdk-headless build-essential pkg-config git gnupg2 wget apksigner npm
 ```
-You also need to manually install the [Android SDK](https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html#command-tools) and the [Android Native Development Kit (NDK)](https://developer.android.com/ndk/downloads) (r23 versions are recommended).
+You also need to manually install the [Android SDK](https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html#command-tools) and the [Android Native Development Kit (NDK)](https://github.com/android/ndk/wiki/Unsupported-Downloads#r25c) version `25.2.9519653` (r25c). libcryfs cannot be built with newer NDK versions at the moment due to compatibility issues with [boost](https://www.boost.org). If you succeed in building it with a more recent version of NDK, please report it.
 
-If you want a support for Gocryptfs volumes, you must install [Go](https://golang.org/doc/install) and libssl:
+If you want a support for Gocryptfs volumes, you need to install [Go](https://golang.org/doc/install):
 ```
-$ sudo apt-get install golang-go libssl-dev
+$ sudo apt-get install golang-go
 ```
 The code should be authenticated before being built. To verify the signatures, you will need my PGP key:
 ```
@@ -35,31 +38,17 @@ __Don't continue if the verification fails!__
 
 Initialize submodules:
 ```
-$ git submodule update --depth=1 --init
+$ git submodule update --init
 ```
-[FFmpeg](https://ffmpeg.org) is needed to record encrypted video:
+If you want Gocryptfs support, initliaze libgocryptfs submodules:
 ```
-$ cd app/ffmpeg
+$ cd app/libgocryptfs
-$ git clone --depth=1 https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.git
+$ git submodule update --init
 ```
-If you want Gocryptfs support, you need to download OpenSSL:
+If you want CryFS support, initialize libcryfs submodules:
-```
-$ cd ../libgocryptfs
-$ wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1t.tar.gz
-```
-Verify OpenSSL signature:
-```
-$ wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1t.tar.gz.asc
-$ gpg --verify openssl-1.1.1t.tar.gz.asc openssl-1.1.1t.tar.gz
-```
-Continue **ONLY** if the signature is **VALID**.
-```
-$ tar -xzf openssl-1.1.1t.tar.gz
-```
-If you want CryFS support, initialize libcryfs:
 ```
 $ cd app/libcryfs
-$ git submodule update --depth=1 --init
+$ git submodule update --init
 ```
 
 # Build
@@ -67,31 +56,33 @@ Retrieve your Android NDK installation path, usually something like `/home/\<use
 ```
 $ export ANDROID_NDK_HOME="<your ndk path>"
 ```
+If you know your CPU ABI, you can specify it to build scripts in order to speed up compilation time. If you don't know it, or want to build for all ABIs, just leave the field blank.
+
 Start by compiling FFmpeg:
 ```
 $ cd app/ffmpeg
-$ ./build.sh ffmpeg
+$ ./build.sh [<ABI>]
 ```
 ## libgocryptfs
 This step is only required if you want Gocryptfs support.
 ```
 $ cd app/libgocryptfs
-$ OPENSSL_PATH="./openssl-1.1.1t" ./build.sh
+$ ./build.sh [<ABI>]
- ```
+```
 ## Compile APKs
 Gradle build libgocryptfs and libcryfs by default.
 
 To build DroidFS without Gocryptfs support, run:
 ```
-$ ./gradlew assembleRelease -PdisableGocryptfs=true
+$ ./gradlew assembleRelease [-Pabi=<ABI>] -PdisableGocryptfs=true
 ```
 To build DroidFS without CryFS support, run:
 ```
-$ ./gradlew assembleRelease -PdisableCryFS=true
+$ ./gradlew assembleRelease [-Pabi=<ABI>] -PdisableCryFS=true
 ```
 If you want to build DroidFS with support for both Gocryptfs and CryFS, just run:
 ```
-$ ./gradlew assembleRelease
+$ ./gradlew assembleRelease [-Pabi=<ABI>]
 ```
 
 # Sign APKs

DONATE.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
+Hash: SHA256
+
+Here are the DroidFS donation addresses:
+
+Monero (XMR):
+
+86f82JEMd33WfapNZETukJW17eEa6RR4rW3wNEZ2CAZh228EYpDaar4DdDPUc4U3YT4CcFdW4c7462Uzx9Em2BB92Aj9fbT
+
+Bitcoin (BTC):
+
+bc1qeyvpy3tj4rr4my5f5wz9s8a4g4nh4l0kj4h6xy
+
+-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
+
+iHUEARYIAB0WIQS2Tv6GzuHQVPCCFxGv44Q0SkXhOgUCZNuhaAAKCRCv44Q0SkXh
+OqEUAP0d67oFlGp5IlBHwNI/p2KMHka3LzHdQTBQs40Jus3tVQEAsTZEy/sc6Nwp
+C8mAXUTebijFgrlYYQkfVS0RBXHwggo=
+=E6ia
+-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

README.md

@@ -2,14 +2,19 @@
 An alternative way to use encrypted virtual filesystems on Android that uses its own internal file explorer instead of mounting volumes.
 It currently supports [gocryptfs](https://github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs) and [CryFS](https://github.com/cryfs/cryfs).
 
-For mortals: An encrypted file manager for Android.
+For mortals: Encrypted storage compatible with already existing softwares.
 
 <p align="center">
 <img src="https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/DroidFS/raw/branch/master/fastlane/metadata/android/en-US/images/phoneScreenshots/1.png" height="500">
-<img src="https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/DroidFS/raw/branch/master/fastlane/metadata/android/en-US/images/phoneScreenshots/2.png" height="500">
+<img src="https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/DroidFS/raw/branch/master/fastlane/metadata/android/en-US/images/phoneScreenshots/4.png" height="500">
-<img src="https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/DroidFS/raw/branch/master/fastlane/metadata/android/en-US/images/phoneScreenshots/3.png" height="500">
+<img src="https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/DroidFS/raw/branch/master/fastlane/metadata/android/en-US/images/phoneScreenshots/6.png" height="500">
 </p>
 
+# Support
+The creator of DroidFS works as a freelance developer and privacy consultant. I am currently looking for new clients! If you are interested, take a look at the [website](https://arkensys.dedyn.io). Alternatively, you can directly support DroidFS by making a [donation](https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/DroidFS/src/branch/master/DONATE.txt).
+
+Thank you so much ❤️.
+
 # Disclaimer
 DroidFS is provided "as is", without any warranty of any kind.
 It shouldn't be considered as an absolute safe way to store files.
@@ -23,32 +28,47 @@ Do not use this app with volumes containing sensitive data unless you know exact
 - Unlocking volumes using fingerprint authentication
 - Volume auto-locking when the app goes in background
 
+For planned features, see [TODO.md](https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/DroidFS/src/branch/master/TODO.md).
+
 # Unsafe features
 Some available features are considered risky and are therefore disabled by default. It is strongly recommended that you read the following documentation if you wish to activate one of these options.
 
 <ul>
-  <li><h4>Allow screenshots:</h4>
+  <li><b>Allow screenshots:</b>
+
   Disable the secure flag of DroidFS activities. This will allow you to take screenshots from the app, but will also allow other apps to record the screen while using DroidFS.
 
-  Note: apps with root access don't care about this flag: they can take screenshots or record the screen of any app without any permissions.
+  Note: apps with root access don't care about this flag: they can take screenshots or record the screen of any app without any permissions.</li>
-  </li>
+  <li><b>Allow exporting files:</b>
-  <li><h4>Allow opening files with other applications*:</h4>
+
-  Decrypt and open file using external apps. These apps could save and send the files thus opened.
+  Decrypt and write file to disk (external storage). Any app with storage permissions could access exported files.</li>
-  </li>
+  <li><b>Allow sharing files via the android share menu⁽¹⁾:</b>
-  <li><h4>Allow exporting files:</h4>
+
-  Decrypt and write file to disk (external storage). Any app with storage permissions could access exported files.
+  Decrypt and share file with other apps. These apps could save and send the files thus shared.</li>
-  </li>
+  <li><b>Allow saving password hash using fingerprint:</b>
-  <li><h4>Allow sharing files via the android share menu*:</h4>
+
-  Decrypt and share file with other apps. These apps could save and send the files thus shared.
+  Generate an AES-256 GCM key in the Android Keystore (protected by fingerprint authentication), then use it to encrypt the volume password hash and store it to the DroidFS internal storage. This require Android v6.0+. If your device is not encrypted, extracting the encryption key with physical access may be possible.</li>
-  </li>
+  <li><b>Disable volume auto-locking:</b> (previously called <i>"Keep volumes open when the app goes in background"</i>)
-  <li><h4>Keep volume open when the app goes in background:</h4>
+
-  Don't close the volume when you leave the app but keep running it in the background. Anyone going back to the activity could have access to the volume.
+  Don't close open volumes when you leave the app. Anyone going back to the application could have access to open volumes. Cryptographic secrets are kept in memory for an undefined amount of time.</li>
-  </li>
+  <li><b>Keep volumes open:</b>
-  <li><h4>Allow saving password hash using fingerprint:</h4>
+  (Different from the old <i>"Keep volumes open when the app goes in background"</i>. Yes it's confusing, sorry)
-  Generate an AES-256 GCM key in the Android Keystore (protected by fingerprint authentication), then use it to encrypt the volume password hash and store it to the DroidFS internal storage. This require Android v6.0+. If your device is not encrypted, extracting the encryption key with physical access may be possible.
+
-  </li>
+  Keep the app running as a [foreground service](https://developer.android.com/develop/background-work/services/foreground-services) to maintain volumes open, even when the app is removed from recent tasks.
+
+  This avoid the app from being killed by the system during file operations or while accessing exposed volumes, but this mean cryptographic secrets stay in memory for an undefined amount of time.</li>
+  <li><b>Allow opening files with other applications⁽¹⁾:</b>
+
+  Decrypt and open file using external apps. These apps could save and send the files thus opened.</li>
+  <li><b>Expose open volumes⁽¹⁾:</b>
+
+  Allow open volumes to be browsed in the system file explorer (<a href="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/providers/document-provider">DocumentProvider</a> API). Encrypted files can then be selected from other applications, potentially with permanent access. This feature requires <i>"Disable volume auto-locking"</i>, and works more reliably when <i>"Keep volumes open"</i> is also enabled.</li>
+  <li><b>Grant write access:</b>
+
+  Files opened with another applications can be modified by them. This applies to both previous unsafe features.</li>
 </ul>
-* Features requiring temporary writing of the plain file to disk (DroidFS internal storage). This file could be read by apps with root access or by physical access if your device is not encrypted.
+
+⁽¹⁾: These features can work in two ways: temporarily writing the plain file to disk (DroidFS internal storage) or sharing it via memory. By default, DroidFS will choose to keep the file only in memory as it's more secure, but will fallback to disk export if the file is too large to be held in memory. This behavior can be changed with the *"Export method"* parameter in the settings. Please note that some applications require the file to be stored on disk, and therefore do not work with memory-exported files.
 
 # Download
 <a href="https://f-droid.org/packages/sushi.hardcore.droidfs">
@@ -76,23 +96,14 @@ F-Droid APKs should be signed with the F-Droid key. More details [here](https://
 # Permissions
 DroidFS needs some permissions for certain features. However, you are free to deny them if you do not wish to use these features.
 
-<ul>
+- **Read & write access to shared storage**: Required to access volumes located on shared storage.
-  <li><h4>Read & write access to shared storage:</h4>
+- **Biometric/Fingerprint hardware**: Required to encrypt/decrypt password hashes using a fingerprint protected key.
-  Required to access volumes located on shared storage.
+- **Camera**: Required to take encrypted photos or videos directly from the app.
-  </li>
+- **Record audio**: Required if you want sound on video recorded with DroidFS.
-  <li><h4>Biometric/Fingerprint hardware:</h4>
+- **Notifications**: Used to report file operations progress and notify about volumes kept open.
-  Required to encrypt/decrypt password hashes using a fingerprint protected key.
-  </li>
-  <li><h4>Camera:</h4>
-  Required to take encrypted photos or videos directly from the app.
-  </li>
-  <li><h4>Record audio:</h4>
-  Required if you want sound on video recorded with DroidFS.
-  </li>
-</ul>
 
 # Limitations
-DroidFS works as a wrapper around modified versions of the original encrypted container implementations ([libgocryptfs](https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/libgocryptfs) and [libcryfs](https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/libcryfs)). These programs were designed to run on standard x86 Linux systems: they access the underlying file system with file paths and syscalls. However, on Android, you can't access files from other applications using file paths. Instead, one has to use the [ContentProvider](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/providers/content-providers) API. Obviously, neither Gocryptfs nor CryFS support this API. As a result, DroidFS cannot open volumes provided by other applications (such as cloud storage clients), nor can it allow other applications to access encrypted volumes once opened.
+DroidFS works as a wrapper around modified versions of the original encrypted container implementations ([libgocryptfs](https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/libgocryptfs) and [libcryfs](https://forge.chapril.org/hardcoresushi/libcryfs)). These programs were designed to run on standard x86 Linux systems: they access the underlying file system with file paths and syscalls. However, on Android, you can't access files from other applications using file paths. Instead, one has to use the [ContentProvider](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/providers/content-providers) API. Obviously, neither Gocryptfs nor CryFS support this API. As a result, DroidFS cannot open volumes provided by other applications (such as cloud storage clients). If you want to synchronize your volumes on a cloud, the cloud application must synchronize the encrypted directory from disk.
 
 Due to Android's storage restrictions, encrypted volumes located on SD cards must be placed under `/Android/data/sushi.hardcore.droidfs/` if you want DroidFS to be able to modify them.
 

TODO.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # TODO
 
-Here is a list of features that it would be nice to have in DroidFS.
+Here's a list of features that it would be nice to have in DroidFS. As this is a FLOSS project, there are no special requirements on *when* or even *if* these features will be implemented, but contributions are greatly appreciated.
 
 ## Security
 - [hardened_malloc](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc) compatibility ([#181](https://github.com/hardcore-sushi/DroidFS/issues/181))
@@ -8,13 +8,17 @@ Here is a list of features that it would be nice to have in DroidFS.
 
 ## UX
 - File associations editor
-- Modifiable CryFS scrypt parameters
+- Discovery before exporting
+- Making discovery before file operations optional
+- Modifiable scrypt parameters
 - Alert dialog showing details of file operations
 - Internal file browser to select volumes
 
+## Encryption software support
+- [Shufflecake](https://shufflecake.net): plausible deniability for multiple hidden filesystems on Linux (would be absolutely awesome to have but quite difficult)
+- [fscrypt](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/filesystems/fscrypt.html): filesystem encryption at the kernel level
+
 ## Health
-- F-Droid ABI split
-- OpenSSL & FFmpeg as git submodules (useful for F-Droid)
 - Remove all android:configChanges from AndroidManifest.xml
 - More efficient thumbnails cache
 - Guide for translators

app/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ project(DroidFS)
 option(GOCRYPTFS "build libgocryptfs" ON)
 option(CRYFS "build libcryfs" ON)
 
+add_library(memfile SHARED src/main/native/memfile.c)
+target_link_libraries(memfile log)
+
 if (GOCRYPTFS)
 	add_library(gocryptfs SHARED IMPORTED)
 	set_target_properties(
@@ -72,4 +75,5 @@ target_link_libraries(
         avformat
         avcodec
         avutil
+        log
 )

app/build.gradle

@@ -13,31 +13,40 @@ if (hasProperty("disableGocryptfs")) {
     ext.disableGocryptfs = false
 }
 
-if (hasProperty("nosplits")) {
-	ext.splits = false
-} else {
-	ext.splits = true
-}
-
 android {
-    compileSdkVersion 33
+    compileSdk 34
-    buildToolsVersion "33.0.0"
+    ndkVersion '25.2.9519653'
-    ndkVersion "25.1.8937393"
     namespace "sushi.hardcore.droidfs"
 
     compileOptions {
-        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
+        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_17
+        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_17
     }
 
+    kotlinOptions {
+        jvmTarget = "17"
+    }
+
+    def abiCodes  = [ "x86": 1, "x86_64": 2, "armeabi-v7a": 3, "arm64-v8a": 4]
+
     defaultConfig {
         applicationId "sushi.hardcore.droidfs"
         minSdkVersion 21
-        targetSdkVersion 32
+        targetSdkVersion 34
-        versionCode 31
+        versionCode 37
-        versionName "2.0.1"
+        versionName "2.2.0"
 
-        ndk {
+        splits {
-            abiFilters "x86", "x86_64", "armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a"
+            abi {
+                enable true
+                reset() // fix unknown bug (https://ru.stackoverflow.com/questions/1557805/abis-armeabi-mips-mips64-riscv64-are-not-supported-for-platform)
+                if (project.hasProperty("abi")) {
+                    include project.getProperty("abi")
+                } else {
+                    abiCodes.keySet().each { abi -> include abi }
+                    universalApk !project.hasProperty("nouniversal")
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         externalNativeBuild.cmake {
@@ -50,23 +59,25 @@ android {
         }
     }
 
-    if (project.ext.splits) {
+    applicationVariants.configureEach { variant ->
-        splits {
+        variant.resValue "string", "versionName", variant.versionName
-            abi {
+        buildConfigField "boolean", "CRYFS_DISABLED", "${project.ext.disableCryFS}"
-                enable true
+        buildConfigField "boolean", "GOCRYPTFS_DISABLED", "${project.ext.disableGocryptfs}"
-                universalApk true
+        variant.outputs.each { output ->
+            def abi = output.getFilter(com.android.build.OutputFile.ABI)
+            if (abi == null) { // universal
+                output.versionCodeOverride = variant.versionCode*10
+                output.outputFileName = "DroidFS-v${variant.versionName}-${variant.name}-universal.apk"
+            } else {
+                output.versionCodeOverride = variant.versionCode*10 + abiCodes[abi]
+                output.outputFileName = "DroidFS-v${variant.versionName}-${variant.name}-${abi}.apk"
             }
         }
     }
 
-    applicationVariants.all { variant ->
-        variant.resValue "string", "versionName", variant.versionName
-        buildConfigField "boolean", "CRYFS_DISABLED", "${project.ext.disableCryFS}"
-        buildConfigField "boolean", "GOCRYPTFS_DISABLED", "${project.ext.disableGocryptfs}"
-    }
-
     buildFeatures {
         viewBinding true
+        buildConfig true
     }
 
     buildTypes {
@@ -98,34 +109,33 @@ android {
 
 dependencies {
     implementation project(":libpdfviewer:app")
-    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:$kotlin_version"
+    implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.13.1'
-    implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.10.0'
+    implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.7.0"
-    implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1"
     implementation "androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.1.4"
-    def lifecycle_version = "2.6.1"
+    def lifecycle_version = "2.8.3"
     implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
     implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-process:$lifecycle_version"
 
-    implementation "androidx.sqlite:sqlite-ktx:2.3.1"
+    implementation "androidx.preference:preference-ktx:1.2.1"
-    implementation "androidx.preference:preference-ktx:1.2.0"
     implementation "androidx.swiperefreshlayout:swiperefreshlayout:1.1.0"
-    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.8.0'
+    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.12.0'
-    implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.15.1'
+    implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.16.0'
     implementation "androidx.biometric:biometric-ktx:1.2.0-alpha05"
 
-    def exoplayer_version = "2.18.6"
+    def media3_version = "1.3.1"
-    implementation "com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-core:$exoplayer_version"
+    implementation "androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer:$media3_version"
-    implementation "com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-ui:$exoplayer_version"
+    implementation "androidx.media3:media3-ui:$media3_version"
+    implementation "androidx.media3:media3-datasource:$media3_version"
 
-    implementation "androidx.concurrent:concurrent-futures:1.1.0"
+    def camerax_version = "1.3.4"
-
-    def camerax_version = "1.3.0-alpha06"
     implementation "androidx.camera:camera-camera2:$camerax_version"
     implementation "androidx.camera:camera-lifecycle:$camerax_version"
     implementation "androidx.camera:camera-view:$camerax_version"
     implementation "androidx.camera:camera-extensions:$camerax_version"
 
-    def autoValueVersion = "1.10.1"
+    // dependencies needed by CameraX patch
+    implementation "androidx.concurrent:concurrent-futures:1.2.0"
+    def autoValueVersion = '1.10.4'
     implementation "com.google.auto.value:auto-value-annotations:$autoValueVersion"
     annotationProcessor "com.google.auto.value:auto-value:$autoValueVersion"
 }

app/ffmpeg/.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1 @@
-ffmpeg
 build

app/ffmpeg/build.sh

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
+set -e
+
 if [ -z ${ANDROID_NDK_HOME+x} ]; then
 	echo "Error: \$ANDROID_NDK_HOME is not defined." >&2
 	exit 1
-elif [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
-	echo "Usage: $0 <FFmpeg source directory> [<ABI>]" >&2
-	exit 1
 else
-	FFMPEG_DIR=$1
+	cd "$(dirname "$0")"
+	FFMPEG_DIR="ffmpeg"
 	compile_for_arch() {
 		echo "Compiling for $1..."
 		case $1 in
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ else
 				ARCH="arm"
 				;;
 		esac
-		(cd $FFMPEG_DIR && make clean;
+		(cd $FFMPEG_DIR
+		make clean || true
 		./configure \
 			--cc="$CFN" \
 			--cxx="$CFN++" \
@@ -73,22 +74,19 @@ else
 			--disable-audiotoolbox \
 			--disable-appkit \
 			--disable-alsa \
-			--disable-debug \
+			--disable-debug
-			>/dev/null &&
+		make -j "$(nproc --all)" >/dev/null)
-		make -j $(nproc --all) >/dev/null) &&
+		mkdir -p "build/$1/libavformat" "build/$1/libavcodec" "build/$1/libavutil"
-		mkdir -p build/$1/libavformat build/$1/libavcodec build/$1/libavutil &&
+		cp $FFMPEG_DIR/libavformat/*.h $FFMPEG_DIR/libavformat/libavformat.so "build/$1/libavformat"
-		cp $FFMPEG_DIR/libavformat/*.h $FFMPEG_DIR/libavformat/libavformat.so build/$1/libavformat &&
+		cp $FFMPEG_DIR/libavcodec/*.h $FFMPEG_DIR/libavcodec/libavcodec.so "build/$1/libavcodec"
-		cp $FFMPEG_DIR/libavcodec/*.h $FFMPEG_DIR/libavcodec/libavcodec.so build/$1/libavcodec &&
+		cp $FFMPEG_DIR/libavutil/*.h $FFMPEG_DIR/libavutil/libavutil.so "build/$1/libavutil"
-		cp $FFMPEG_DIR/libavutil/*.h $FFMPEG_DIR/libavutil/libavutil.so build/$1/libavutil ||
-		exit 1
 	}
 
 	export PATH=$ANDROID_NDK_HOME/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin:$PATH
-	if [ $# -eq 2 ]; then
+	if [ $# -eq 1 ]; then
-		compile_for_arch $2
+		compile_for_arch "$1"
 	else
-		declare -a ABIs=("x86_64" "x86" "arm64-v8a" "armeabi-v7a")
+		for abi in "x86_64" "x86" "arm64-v8a" "armeabi-v7a"; do
-		for abi in ${ABIs[@]}; do
 			compile_for_arch $abi
 		done
 	fi

app/ffmpeg/ffmpeg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Subproject commit af25a4bfd2503caf3ee485b27b99b620302f5718

app/libcryfs

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit f40c2bbdcde77d8128da181edb72bf0e7a2168b5
+Subproject commit cd0af7088066f870f12eceed9836bde897f1d164

app/libgocryptfs

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 79f9a10e35847e46f8563941345355f15f2dba7c
+Subproject commit b221d4cf3c70edc711169a769a476802d2577b2b

app/proguard-rules.pro

@@ -1,24 +1,4 @@
-# Add project specific ProGuard rules here.
+-keepattributes SourceFile,LineNumberTable
-# You can control the set of applied configuration files using the
-# proguardFiles setting in build.gradle.
-#
-# For more details, see
-#   http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/proguard.html
-
-# If your project uses WebView with JS, uncomment the following
-# and specify the fully qualified class name to the JavaScript interface
-# class:
-#-keepclassmembers class fqcn.of.javascript.interface.for.webview {
-#   public *;
-#}
-
-# Uncomment this to preserve the line number information for
-# debugging stack traces.
-#-keepattributes SourceFile,LineNumberTable
-
-# If you keep the line number information, uncomment this to
-# hide the original source file name.
-#-renamesourcefileattribute SourceFile
 
 -keep class sushi.hardcore.droidfs.SettingsActivity$**
 -keep class sushi.hardcore.droidfs.explorers.ExplorerElement
@@ -28,4 +8,11 @@
 -keepclassmembers class sushi.hardcore.droidfs.video_recording.FFmpegMuxer {
     void writePacket(byte[]);
     void seek(long);
-}
+}
+# Required for Intent.getParcelableExtra() to work on Android 13
+-keep class sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeData {
+    public int describeContents();
+}
+-keep class sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeData$* {
+    static public android.os.Parcelable$Creator CREATOR;
+}

app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -3,11 +3,10 @@
     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
     android:installLocation="auto">
 
-    <permission
-        android:name="${applicationId}.WRITE_TEMPORARY_STORAGE"
-        android:protectionLevel="signature" />
-
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" tools:ignore="ScopedStorage" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_DATA_SYNC" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.USE_BIOMETRIC" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
@@ -57,21 +56,34 @@
         <activity android:name=".file_viewers.AudioPlayer" android:configChanges="screenSize|orientation" />
         <activity android:name=".file_viewers.TextEditor" android:configChanges="screenSize|orientation" />
         <activity android:name=".CameraActivity" android:screenOrientation="nosensor" />
+        <activity android:name=".LogcatActivity"/>
 
-        <service android:name=".WiperService" android:exported="false" android:stopWithTask="false"/>
+        <service android:name=".KeepAliveService" android:exported="false" android:foregroundServiceType="dataSync" />
-        <service android:name=".file_operations.FileOperationService" android:exported="false"/>
+        <service android:name=".ClosingService" android:exported="false" android:stopWithTask="false"/>
+        <service android:name=".file_operations.FileOperationService" android:exported="false" android:foregroundServiceType="dataSync"/>
 
-        <receiver android:name=".file_operations.NotificationBroadcastReceiver" android:exported="false">
+        <receiver android:name=".NotificationBroadcastReceiver" android:exported="false">
             <intent-filter>
                 <action android:name="file_operation_cancel"/>
             </intent-filter>
         </receiver>
 
         <provider
-            android:name=".content_providers.RestrictedFileProvider"
+            android:name=".content_providers.TemporaryFileProvider"
             android:authorities="${applicationId}.temporary_provider"
+            android:exported="true"/>
+
+        <provider
+            android:authorities="${applicationId}.volume_provider"
+            android:name=".content_providers.VolumeProvider"
             android:exported="true"
-            android:writePermission="${applicationId}.WRITE_TEMPORARY_STORAGE" />
+            android:grantUriPermissions="true"
+            android:permission="android.permission.MANAGE_DOCUMENTS">
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.content.action.DOCUMENTS_PROVIDER" />
+            </intent-filter>
+        </provider>
+
     </application>
 
 </manifest>

app/src/main/java/androidx/camera/video/SucklessPendingRecording.java

@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ public final class SucklessPendingRecording {
     private final OutputOptions mOutputOptions;
     private Consumer<VideoRecordEvent> mEventListener;
     private Executor mListenerExecutor;
-
     private boolean mAudioEnabled = false;
+    private boolean mIsPersistent = false;
 
     SucklessPendingRecording(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull SucklessRecorder recorder,
             @NonNull OutputOptions options) {
@@ -104,6 +104,10 @@ public final class SucklessPendingRecording {
         return mAudioEnabled;
     }
 
+    boolean isPersistent() {
+        return mIsPersistent;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Enables audio to be recorded for this recording.
      *
@@ -139,6 +143,69 @@ public final class SucklessPendingRecording {
         return this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Configures the recording to be a persistent recording.
+     *
+     * <p>A persistent recording will only be stopped by explicitly calling
+     * {@link Recording#stop()} or {@link Recording#close()} and will ignore events that would
+     * normally cause recording to stop, such as lifecycle events or explicit unbinding of a
+     * {@link VideoCapture} use case that the recording's {@link Recorder} is attached to.
+     *
+     * <p>Even though lifecycle events or explicit unbinding use cases won't stop a persistent
+     * recording, it will still stop the camera from producing data, resulting in the in-progress
+     * persistent recording stopping getting data until the camera stream is activated again. For
+     * example, when the activity goes into background, the recording will keep waiting for new
+     * data to be recorded until the activity is back to foreground.
+     *
+     * <p>A {@link Recorder} instance is recommended to be associated with a single
+     * {@link VideoCapture} instance, especially when using persistent recording. Otherwise, there
+     * might be unexpected behavior. Any in-progress persistent recording created from the same
+     * {@link Recorder} should be stopped before starting a new recording, even if the
+     * {@link Recorder} is associated with a different {@link VideoCapture}.
+     *
+     * <p>To switch to a different camera stream while a recording is in progress, first create
+     * the recording as persistent recording, then rebind the {@link VideoCapture} it's
+     * associated with to a different camera. The implementation may be like:
+     * <pre>{@code
+     * // Prepare the Recorder and VideoCapture, then bind the VideoCapture to the back camera.
+     * Recorder recorder = Recorder.Builder().build();
+     * VideoCapture videoCapture = VideoCapture.withOutput(recorder);
+     * cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(
+     *         lifecycleOwner, CameraSelector.DEFAULT_BACK_CAMERA, videoCapture);
+     *
+     * // Prepare the persistent recording and start it.
+     * Recording recording = recorder
+     *         .prepareRecording(context, outputOptions)
+     *         .asPersistentRecording()
+     *         .start(eventExecutor, eventListener);
+     *
+     * // Record from the back camera for a period of time.
+     *
+     * // Rebind the VideoCapture to the front camera.
+     * cameraProvider.unbindAll();
+     * cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(
+     *         lifecycleOwner, CameraSelector.DEFAULT_FRONT_CAMERA, videoCapture);
+     *
+     * // Record from the front camera for a period of time.
+     *
+     * // Stop the recording explicitly.
+     * recording.stop();
+     * }</pre>
+     *
+     * <p>The audio data will still be recorded after the {@link VideoCapture} is unbound.
+     * {@link Recording#pause() Pause} the recording first and {@link Recording#resume() resume} it
+     * later to stop recording audio while rebinding use cases.
+     *
+     * <p>If the recording is unable to receive data from the new camera, possibly because of
+     * incompatible surface combination, an exception will be thrown when binding to lifecycle.
+     */
+    @ExperimentalPersistentRecording
+    @NonNull
+    public SucklessPendingRecording asPersistentRecording() {
+        mIsPersistent = true;
+        return this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Starts the recording, making it an active recording.
      *
@@ -159,7 +226,13 @@ public final class SucklessPendingRecording {
      *
      * <p>If the returned {@link SucklessRecording} is garbage collected, the recording will be
      * automatically stopped. A reference to the active recording must be maintained as long as
-     * the recording needs to be active.
+     * the recording needs to be active. If the recording is garbage collected, the
+     * {@link VideoRecordEvent.Finalize} event will contain error
+     * {@link VideoRecordEvent.Finalize#ERROR_RECORDING_GARBAGE_COLLECTED}.
+     *
+     * <p>The {@link Recording} will be stopped automatically if the {@link VideoCapture} its
+     * {@link Recorder} is attached to is unbound unless it's created
+     * {@link #asPersistentRecording() as a persistent recording}.
      *
      * @throws IllegalStateException if the associated Recorder currently has an unfinished
      * active recording.

app/src/main/java/androidx/camera/video/SucklessRecorder.java

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package androidx.camera.video;
 
+import static androidx.camera.video.AudioStats.AUDIO_AMPLITUDE_NONE;
 import static androidx.camera.video.VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_DURATION_LIMIT_REACHED;
 import static androidx.camera.video.VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_ENCODING_FAILED;
 import static androidx.camera.video.VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_FILE_SIZE_LIMIT_REACHED;
@@ -54,6 +55,8 @@ import androidx.annotation.RequiresPermission;
 import androidx.annotation.RestrictTo;
 import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
 import androidx.camera.core.AspectRatio;
+import androidx.camera.core.CameraInfo;
+import androidx.camera.core.DynamicRange;
 import androidx.camera.core.Logger;
 import androidx.camera.core.SurfaceRequest;
 import androidx.camera.core.impl.MutableStateObservable;
@@ -76,7 +79,7 @@ import androidx.camera.video.internal.compat.Api26Impl;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.compat.quirk.DeactivateEncoderSurfaceBeforeStopEncoderQuirk;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.compat.quirk.DeviceQuirks;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.compat.quirk.EncoderNotUsePersistentInputSurfaceQuirk;
-import androidx.camera.video.internal.config.MimeInfo;
+import androidx.camera.video.internal.config.AudioMimeInfo;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.encoder.AudioEncoderConfig;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.encoder.BufferCopiedEncodedData;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.encoder.EncodeException;
@@ -340,10 +343,14 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
     ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     //                      Members only accessed on mSequentialExecutor                          //
     ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-    private RecordingRecord mInProgressRecording = null;
+    @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
+    RecordingRecord mInProgressRecording = null;
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
     boolean mInProgressRecordingStopping = false;
-    private SurfaceRequest.TransformationInfo mSurfaceTransformationInfo = null;
+    @Nullable
+    private SurfaceRequest.TransformationInfo mInProgressTransformationInfo = null;
+    @Nullable
+    private SurfaceRequest.TransformationInfo mSourceTransformationInfo = null;
     private VideoValidatedEncoderProfilesProxy mResolvedEncoderProfiles = null;
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
     final List<ListenableFuture<Void>> mEncodingFutures = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -424,13 +431,15 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
     ScheduledFuture<?> mSourceNonStreamingTimeout = null;
     // The Recorder has to be reset first before being configured again.
-    private boolean mNeedsReset = false;
+    private boolean mNeedsResetBeforeNextStart = false;
     @NonNull
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
     VideoEncoderSession mVideoEncoderSession;
     @Nullable
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
     VideoEncoderSession mVideoEncoderSessionToRelease = null;
+    double mAudioAmplitude = 0;
+    private boolean mShouldSendResumeEvent = false;
     //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//
 
     SucklessRecorder(@Nullable Executor executor, @NonNull MediaSpec mediaSpec,
@@ -487,6 +496,13 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
         mSequentialExecutor.execute(() -> onSourceStateChangedInternal(newState));
     }
 
+    @RestrictTo(RestrictTo.Scope.LIBRARY)
+    @Override
+    @NonNull
+    public VideoCapabilities getMediaCapabilities(@NonNull CameraInfo cameraInfo) {
+        return getVideoCapabilities(cameraInfo);
+    }
+
     @NonNull
     public SucklessPendingRecording prepareRecording(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull MuxerOutputOptions outputOptions) {
         return prepareRecordingInternal(context, outputOptions);
@@ -756,7 +772,8 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
         }
     }
 
-    void stop(@NonNull SucklessRecording activeRecording) {
+    void stop(@NonNull SucklessRecording activeRecording, @VideoRecordError int error,
+            @Nullable Throwable errorCause) {
         RecordingRecord pendingRecordingToFinalize = null;
         synchronized (mLock) {
             if (!isSameRecording(activeRecording, mPendingRecordingRecord) && !isSameRecording(
@@ -801,7 +818,7 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                     long explicitlyStopTimeUs = TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMicros(System.nanoTime());
                     RecordingRecord finalActiveRecordingRecord = mActiveRecordingRecord;
                     mSequentialExecutor.execute(() -> stopInternal(finalActiveRecordingRecord,
-                            explicitlyStopTimeUs, ERROR_NONE, null));
+                            explicitlyStopTimeUs, error, errorCause));
                     break;
                 case ERROR:
                     // In an error state, the recording will already be finalized. Treat as a
@@ -811,9 +828,13 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
         }
 
         if (pendingRecordingToFinalize != null) {
+            if (error == VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_RECORDING_GARBAGE_COLLECTED) {
+                Logger.e(TAG, "Recording was stopped due to recording being garbage collected "
+                        + "before any valid data has been produced.");
+            }
             finalizePendingRecording(pendingRecordingToFinalize, ERROR_NO_VALID_DATA,
                     new RuntimeException("Recording was stopped before any data could be "
-                            + "produced."));
+                            + "produced.", errorCause));
         }
     }
 
@@ -843,7 +864,8 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                         recordingToFinalize.getOutputOptions(),
                         RecordingStats.of(/*duration=*/0L,
                                 /*bytes=*/0L,
-                                AudioStats.of(AudioStats.AUDIO_STATE_DISABLED, mAudioErrorCause)),
+                                AudioStats.of(AudioStats.AUDIO_STATE_DISABLED, mAudioErrorCause,
+                                        AUDIO_AMPLITUDE_NONE)),
                         OutputResults.of(Uri.EMPTY),
                         error,
                         cause));
@@ -874,14 +896,15 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                 // If we're inactive and have no active surface, we'll reset the encoder directly.
                 // Otherwise, we'll wait for the active surface's surface request listener to
                 // reset the encoder.
-                requestReset(ERROR_SOURCE_INACTIVE, null);
+                requestReset(ERROR_SOURCE_INACTIVE, null, false);
             } else {
                 // The source becomes inactive, the incoming new surface request has to be cached
                 // and be serviced after the Recorder is reset when receiving the previous
                 // surface request complete callback.
-                mNeedsReset = true;
+                mNeedsResetBeforeNextStart = true;
-                if (mInProgressRecording != null) {
+                if (mInProgressRecording != null && !mInProgressRecording.isPersistent()) {
-                    // Stop any in progress recording with "source inactive" error
+                    // Stop the in progress recording with "source inactive" error if it's not a
+                    // persistent recording.
                     onInProgressRecordingInternalError(mInProgressRecording, ERROR_SOURCE_INACTIVE,
                             null);
                 }
@@ -905,7 +928,8 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
      * the surface request complete callback first.
      */
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
-    void requestReset(@VideoRecordError int errorCode, @Nullable Throwable errorCause) {
+    void requestReset(@VideoRecordError int errorCode, @Nullable Throwable errorCause,
+            boolean videoOnly) {
         boolean shouldReset = false;
         boolean shouldStop = false;
         synchronized (mLock) {
@@ -927,14 +951,22 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                 case PAUSED:
                     // Fall-through
                 case RECORDING:
+                    Preconditions.checkState(mInProgressRecording != null, "In-progress recording"
+                            + " shouldn't be null when in state " + mState);
                     if (mActiveRecordingRecord != mInProgressRecording) {
                         throw new AssertionError("In-progress recording does not match the active"
                                 + " recording. Unable to reset encoder.");
                     }
-                    // If there's an active recording, stop it first then release the resources
+                    // If there's an active persistent recording, reset the Recorder directly.
-                    // at onRecordingFinalized().
+                    // Otherwise, stop the recording first then release the Recorder at
-                    shouldStop = true;
+                    // onRecordingFinalized().
-                    // Fall-through
+                    if (isPersistentRecordingInProgress()) {
+                        shouldReset = true;
+                    } else {
+                        shouldStop = true;
+                        setState(State.RESETTING);
+                    }
+                    break;
                 case STOPPING:
                     // Already stopping. Set state to RESETTING so resources will be released once
                     // onRecordingFinalized() runs.
@@ -949,14 +981,17 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
         // These calls must not be posted to the executor to ensure they are executed inline on
         // the sequential executor and the state changes above are correctly handled.
         if (shouldReset) {
-            reset();
+            if (videoOnly) {
+                resetVideo();
+            } else {
+                reset();
+            }
         } else if (shouldStop) {
             stopInternal(mInProgressRecording, Encoder.NO_TIMESTAMP, errorCode, errorCause);
         }
     }
 
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
-
     private void configureInternal(@NonNull SurfaceRequest surfaceRequest,
             @NonNull Timebase videoSourceTimebase) {
         if (surfaceRequest.isServiced()) {
@@ -964,16 +999,19 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
             return;
         }
         surfaceRequest.setTransformationInfoListener(mSequentialExecutor,
-                (transformationInfo) -> mSurfaceTransformationInfo = transformationInfo);
+                (transformationInfo) -> mSourceTransformationInfo = transformationInfo);
         Size surfaceSize = surfaceRequest.getResolution();
         // Fetch and cache nearest encoder profiles, if one exists.
-        LegacyVideoCapabilities capabilities =
+        DynamicRange dynamicRange = surfaceRequest.getDynamicRange();
-                LegacyVideoCapabilities.from(surfaceRequest.getCamera().getCameraInfo());
+        VideoCapabilities capabilities = getVideoCapabilities(
-        Quality highestSupportedQuality = capabilities.findHighestSupportedQualityFor(surfaceSize);
+                surfaceRequest.getCamera().getCameraInfo());
+        Quality highestSupportedQuality = capabilities.findHighestSupportedQualityFor(surfaceSize,
+                dynamicRange);
         Logger.d(TAG, "Using supported quality of " + highestSupportedQuality
                 + " for surface size " + surfaceSize);
         if (highestSupportedQuality != Quality.NONE) {
-            mResolvedEncoderProfiles = capabilities.getProfiles(highestSupportedQuality);
+            mResolvedEncoderProfiles = capabilities.getProfiles(highestSupportedQuality,
+                    dynamicRange);
             if (mResolvedEncoderProfiles == null) {
                 throw new AssertionError("Camera advertised available quality but did not "
                         + "produce EncoderProfiles  for advertised quality.");
@@ -986,9 +1024,14 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
     private void setupVideo(@NonNull SurfaceRequest request, @NonNull Timebase timebase) {
         safeToCloseVideoEncoder().addListener(() -> {
-            if (request.isServiced() || mVideoEncoderSession.isConfiguredSurfaceRequest(request)) {
+            if (request.isServiced()
+                    || (mVideoEncoderSession.isConfiguredSurfaceRequest(request)
+                    && !isPersistentRecordingInProgress())) {
+                // Ignore the surface request if it's already serviced. Or the video encoder
+                // session is already configured, unless there's a persistent recording is running.
                 Logger.w(TAG, "Ignore the SurfaceRequest " + request + " isServiced: "
-                        + request.isServiced() + " VideoEncoderSession: " + mVideoEncoderSession);
+                        + request.isServiced() + " VideoEncoderSession: " + mVideoEncoderSession
+                        + " has been configured with a persistent in-progress recording.");
                 return;
             }
             VideoEncoderSession videoEncoderSession =
@@ -1020,6 +1063,12 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
         }, mSequentialExecutor);
     }
 
+    @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
+    @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
+    boolean isPersistentRecordingInProgress() {
+        return mInProgressRecording != null && mInProgressRecording.isPersistent();
+    }
+
     @NonNull
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
     private ListenableFuture<Void> safeToCloseVideoEncoder() {
@@ -1055,7 +1104,9 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
 
                         mVideoEncoderSessionToRelease = videoEncoderSession;
                         setLatestSurface(null);
-                        requestReset(ERROR_SOURCE_INACTIVE, null);
+                        // Only reset video if the in-progress recording is persistent.
+                        requestReset(ERROR_SOURCE_INACTIVE, null,
+                                isPersistentRecordingInProgress());
                     }
 
                     @Override
@@ -1070,17 +1121,14 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
     void onConfigured() {
         RecordingRecord recordingToStart = null;
         RecordingRecord pendingRecordingToFinalize = null;
+        boolean continuePersistentRecording = false;
         @VideoRecordError int error = ERROR_NONE;
         Throwable errorCause = null;
-        boolean startRecordingPaused = false;
+        boolean recordingPaused = false;
         synchronized (mLock) {
             switch (mState) {
                 case IDLING:
                     // Fall-through
-                case RECORDING:
-                    // Fall-through
-                case PAUSED:
-                    // Fall-through
                 case RESETTING:
                     throw new AssertionError(
                             "Incorrectly invoke onConfigured() in state " + mState);
@@ -1090,6 +1138,15 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                                 + "STOPPING state when it's not waiting for a new surface.");
                     }
                     break;
+                case PAUSED:
+                    recordingPaused = true;
+                    // Fall-through
+                case RECORDING:
+                    Preconditions.checkState(isPersistentRecordingInProgress(),
+                            "Unexpectedly invoke onConfigured() when there's a non-persistent "
+                                    + "in-progress recording");
+                    continuePersistentRecording = true;
+                    break;
                 case CONFIGURING:
                     setState(State.IDLING);
                     break;
@@ -1098,7 +1155,7 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                             "onConfigured() was invoked when the Recorder had encountered error");
                     break;
                 case PENDING_PAUSED:
-                    startRecordingPaused = true;
+                    recordingPaused = true;
                     // Fall through
                 case PENDING_RECORDING:
                     if (mActiveRecordingRecord != null) {
@@ -1119,9 +1176,21 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
             }
         }
 
-        if (recordingToStart != null) {
+        if (continuePersistentRecording) {
+            updateEncoderCallbacks(mInProgressRecording, true);
+            mVideoEncoder.start();
+            if (mShouldSendResumeEvent) {
+                mInProgressRecording.updateVideoRecordEvent(VideoRecordEvent.resume(
+                        mInProgressRecording.getOutputOptions(),
+                        getInProgressRecordingStats()));
+                mShouldSendResumeEvent = false;
+            }
+            if (recordingPaused) {
+                mVideoEncoder.pause();
+            }
+        } else if (recordingToStart != null) {
             // Start new active recording inline on sequential executor (but unlocked).
-            startRecording(recordingToStart, startRecordingPaused);
+            startRecording(recordingToStart, recordingPaused);
         } else if (pendingRecordingToFinalize != null) {
             finalizePendingRecording(pendingRecordingToFinalize, error, errorCause);
         }
@@ -1162,7 +1231,7 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
             throws AudioSourceAccessException, InvalidConfigException {
         MediaSpec mediaSpec = getObservableData(mMediaSpec);
         // Resolve the audio mime info
-        MimeInfo audioMimeInfo = resolveAudioMimeInfo(mediaSpec, mResolvedEncoderProfiles);
+        AudioMimeInfo audioMimeInfo = resolveAudioMimeInfo(mediaSpec, mResolvedEncoderProfiles);
         Timebase audioSourceTimebase = Timebase.UPTIME;
 
         // Select and create the audio source
@@ -1313,8 +1382,10 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                 return;
             }
 
-            if (mSurfaceTransformationInfo != null) {
+            SurfaceRequest.TransformationInfo transformationInfo = mSourceTransformationInfo;
-                mediaMuxer.setOrientationHint(mSurfaceTransformationInfo.getRotationDegrees());
+            if (transformationInfo != null) {
+                setInProgressTransformationInfo(transformationInfo);
+                mediaMuxer.setOrientationHint(transformationInfo.getRotationDegrees());
             }
 
             mVideoTrackIndex = mediaMuxer.addTrack(mVideoOutputConfig.getMediaFormat());
@@ -1402,7 +1473,9 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                                 "The Recorder doesn't support recording with audio");
                     }
                     try {
-                        setupAudio(recordingToStart);
+                        if (!mInProgressRecording.isPersistent() || mAudioEncoder == null) {
+                            setupAudio(recordingToStart);
+                        }
                         setAudioState(AudioState.ENABLED);
                     } catch (AudioSourceAccessException | InvalidConfigException e) {
                         Logger.e(TAG, "Unable to create audio resource with error: ", e);
@@ -1419,7 +1492,7 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                 break;
         }
 
-        initEncoderAndAudioSourceCallbacks(recordingToStart);
+        updateEncoderCallbacks(recordingToStart, false);
         if (isAudioEnabled()) {
             mAudioSource.start(recordingToStart.isMuted());
             mAudioEncoder.start();
@@ -1432,7 +1505,17 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
     }
 
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
-    private void initEncoderAndAudioSourceCallbacks(@NonNull RecordingRecord recordingToStart) {
+    private void updateEncoderCallbacks(@NonNull RecordingRecord recordingToStart,
+            boolean videoOnly) {
+        // If there are uncompleted futures, cancel them first.
+        if (!mEncodingFutures.isEmpty()) {
+            ListenableFuture<List<Void>> listFuture = Futures.allAsList(mEncodingFutures);
+            if (!listFuture.isDone()) {
+                listFuture.cancel(true);
+            }
+            mEncodingFutures.clear();
+        }
+
         mEncodingFutures.add(CallbackToFutureAdapter.getFuture(
                 completer -> {
                     mVideoEncoder.setEncoderCallback(new EncoderCallback() {
@@ -1528,7 +1611,7 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                     return "videoEncodingFuture";
                 }));
 
-        if (isAudioEnabled()) {
+        if (isAudioEnabled() && !videoOnly) {
             mEncodingFutures.add(CallbackToFutureAdapter.getFuture(
                     completer -> {
                         Consumer<Throwable> audioErrorConsumer = throwable -> {
@@ -1568,6 +1651,11 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                                             audioErrorConsumer.accept(throwable);
                                         }
                                     }
+
+                                    @Override
+                                    public void onAmplitudeValue(double maxAmplitude) {
+                                        mAudioAmplitude = maxAmplitude;
+                                    }
                                 });
 
                         mAudioEncoder.setEncoderCallback(new EncoderCallback() {
@@ -1654,12 +1742,16 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
 
                     @Override
                     public void onFailure(@NonNull Throwable t) {
-                        Logger.d(TAG, "Encodings end with error: " + t);
+                        Preconditions.checkState(mInProgressRecording != null,
-                        // If the media muxer hasn't been set up, assume the encoding fails
+                                "In-progress recording shouldn't be null");
-                        // because of no valid data has been produced.
+                        // If a persistent recording requires reconfiguring the video encoder,
-                        finalizeInProgressRecording(
+                        // the previous encoder future has to be canceled without finalizing the
-                                mMediaMuxer == null ? ERROR_NO_VALID_DATA : ERROR_ENCODING_FAILED,
+                        // in-progress recording.
-                                t);
+                        if (!mInProgressRecording.isPersistent()) {
+                            Logger.d(TAG, "Encodings end with error: " + t);
+                            finalizeInProgressRecording(mMediaMuxer == null ? ERROR_NO_VALID_DATA
+                                    : ERROR_ENCODING_FAILED, t);
+                        }
                     }
                 },
                 // Can use direct executor since completers are always completed on sequential
@@ -1800,11 +1892,20 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
             if (isAudioEnabled()) {
                 mAudioEncoder.start();
             }
-            mVideoEncoder.start();
+            // If a persistent recording is resumed immediately after the VideoCapture is rebound
-
+            // to a camera, it's possible that the encoder hasn't been created yet. Then the
-            mInProgressRecording.updateVideoRecordEvent(VideoRecordEvent.resume(
+            // encoder will be started once it's initialized. So only start the encoder when it's
-                    mInProgressRecording.getOutputOptions(),
+            // not null.
-                    getInProgressRecordingStats()));
+            if (mVideoEncoder != null) {
+                mVideoEncoder.start();
+                mInProgressRecording.updateVideoRecordEvent(VideoRecordEvent.resume(
+                        mInProgressRecording.getOutputOptions(),
+                        getInProgressRecordingStats()));
+            } else {
+                // Instead sending here, send the Resume event once the encoder is initialized
+                // and started.
+                mShouldSendResumeEvent = true;
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -1898,13 +1999,12 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
             mAudioEncoder = null;
             mAudioOutputConfig = null;
         }
-        tryReleaseVideoEncoder();
         if (mAudioSource != null) {
             releaseCurrentAudioSource();
         }
 
         setAudioState(AudioState.INITIALIZING);
-        onReset();
+        resetVideo();
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
@@ -1926,7 +2026,8 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
     }
 
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
-    private void onReset() {
+    private void onResetVideo() {
+        boolean shouldConfigure = true;
         synchronized (mLock) {
             switch (mState) {
                 case PENDING_PAUSED:
@@ -1939,6 +2040,10 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                 case PAUSED:
                     // Fall-through
                 case RECORDING:
+                    if (isPersistentRecordingInProgress()) {
+                        shouldConfigure = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
                     // Fall-through
                 case IDLING:
                     // Fall-through
@@ -1953,14 +2058,24 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
             }
         }
 
-        mNeedsReset = false;
+        mNeedsResetBeforeNextStart = false;
 
         // If the latest surface request hasn't been serviced, use it to re-configure the Recorder.
-        if (mLatestSurfaceRequest != null && !mLatestSurfaceRequest.isServiced()) {
+        if (shouldConfigure && mLatestSurfaceRequest != null
+                && !mLatestSurfaceRequest.isServiced()) {
             configureInternal(mLatestSurfaceRequest, mVideoSourceTimebase);
         }
     }
 
+    @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
+    private void resetVideo() {
+        if (mVideoEncoder != null) {
+            Logger.d(TAG, "Releasing video encoder.");
+            tryReleaseVideoEncoder();
+        }
+        onResetVideo();
+    }
+
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
     private int internalAudioStateToAudioStatsState(@NonNull AudioState audioState) {
         switch (audioState) {
@@ -2063,7 +2178,9 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
         mRecordingStopError = ERROR_UNKNOWN;
         mRecordingStopErrorCause = null;
         mAudioErrorCause = null;
+        mAudioAmplitude = AUDIO_AMPLITUDE_NONE;
         clearPendingAudioRingBuffer();
+        setInProgressTransformationInfo(null);
 
         switch (mAudioState) {
             case IDLING:
@@ -2246,7 +2363,7 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                     startRecordingPaused = true;
                     // Fall-through
                 case PENDING_RECORDING:
-                    if (mActiveRecordingRecord != null || mNeedsReset) {
+                    if (mActiveRecordingRecord != null || mNeedsResetBeforeNextStart) {
                         // Active recording is still finalizing or the Recorder is expected to be
                         // reset. Pending recording will be serviced in onRecordingFinalized() or
                         // in onReset().
@@ -2361,7 +2478,8 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
     @NonNull
     RecordingStats getInProgressRecordingStats() {
         return RecordingStats.of(mRecordingDurationNs, mRecordingBytes,
-                AudioStats.of(internalAudioStateToAudioStatsState(mAudioState), mAudioErrorCause));
+                AudioStats.of(internalAudioStateToAudioStatsState(mAudioState), mAudioErrorCause,
+                        mAudioAmplitude));
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
@@ -2415,7 +2533,7 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
         if (streamState == null) {
             streamState = internalStateToStreamState(mState);
         }
-        mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(mStreamId, streamState));
+        mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(mStreamId, streamState, mInProgressTransformationInfo));
     }
 
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
@@ -2437,7 +2555,20 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
         }
         Logger.d(TAG, "Transitioning streamId: " + mStreamId + " --> " + streamId);
         mStreamId = streamId;
-        mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(streamId, internalStateToStreamState(mState)));
+        mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(streamId, internalStateToStreamState(mState),
+                mInProgressTransformationInfo));
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
+    @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
+    void setInProgressTransformationInfo(
+            @Nullable SurfaceRequest.TransformationInfo transformationInfo) {
+        Logger.d(TAG, "Update stream transformation info: " + transformationInfo);
+        mInProgressTransformationInfo = transformationInfo;
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(mStreamId, internalStateToStreamState(mState),
+                    transformationInfo));
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2460,8 +2591,8 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
 
         if (mNonPendingState != state) {
             mNonPendingState = state;
-            mStreamInfo.setState(
+            mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(mStreamId, internalStateToStreamState(state),
-                    StreamInfo.of(mStreamId, internalStateToStreamState(state)));
+                    mInProgressTransformationInfo));
         }
     }
 
@@ -2509,6 +2640,21 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
         return defaultMuxerFormat;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns the {@link VideoCapabilities} of Recorder with respect to input camera information.
+     *
+     * <p>{@link VideoCapabilities} provides methods to query supported dynamic ranges and
+     * qualities. This information can be used for things like checking if HDR is supported for
+     * configuring VideoCapture to record HDR video.
+     *
+     * @param cameraInfo info about the camera.
+     * @return VideoCapabilities with respect to the input camera info.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public static VideoCapabilities getVideoCapabilities(@NonNull CameraInfo cameraInfo) {
+        return RecorderVideoCapabilities.from(cameraInfo);
+    }
+
     @RequiresApi(21) // TODO(b/200306659): Remove and replace with annotation on package-info.java
     @AutoValue
     abstract static class RecordingRecord implements AutoCloseable {
@@ -2537,6 +2683,7 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                     pendingRecording.getListenerExecutor(),
                     pendingRecording.getEventListener(),
                     pendingRecording.isAudioEnabled(),
+                    pendingRecording.isPersistent(),
                     recordingId
             );
         }
@@ -2552,6 +2699,8 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
 
         abstract boolean hasAudioEnabled();
 
+        abstract boolean isPersistent();
+
         abstract long getRecordingId();
 
         /**
@@ -2782,7 +2931,12 @@ public final class SucklessRecorder implements VideoOutput {
                 throw new AssertionError("One-time media muxer creation has already occurred for"
                         + " recording " + this);
             }
-            return mediaMuxerSupplier.get(muxerOutputFormat, outputUriCreatedCallback);
+
+            try {
+                return mediaMuxerSupplier.get(muxerOutputFormat, outputUriCreatedCallback);
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                throw new IOException("Failed to create MediaMuxer by " + e, e);
+            }
         }
 
         /**

app/src/main/java/androidx/camera/video/SucklessRecording.java

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import static androidx.annotation.RestrictTo.Scope.LIBRARY_GROUP;
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
 
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
 import androidx.annotation.RestrictTo;
 import androidx.camera.core.impl.utils.CloseGuardHelper;
@@ -56,13 +57,15 @@ public final class SucklessRecording implements AutoCloseable {
     private final SucklessRecorder mRecorder;
     private final long mRecordingId;
     private final OutputOptions mOutputOptions;
+    private final boolean mIsPersistent;
     private final CloseGuardHelper mCloseGuard = CloseGuardHelper.create();
 
     SucklessRecording(@NonNull SucklessRecorder recorder, long recordingId, @NonNull OutputOptions options,
-            boolean finalizedOnCreation) {
+            boolean isPersistent, boolean finalizedOnCreation) {
         mRecorder = recorder;
         mRecordingId = recordingId;
         mOutputOptions = options;
+        mIsPersistent = isPersistent;
 
         if (finalizedOnCreation) {
             mIsClosed.set(true);
@@ -83,6 +86,7 @@ public final class SucklessRecording implements AutoCloseable {
         return new SucklessRecording(pendingRecording.getRecorder(),
                 recordingId,
                 pendingRecording.getOutputOptions(),
+                pendingRecording.isPersistent(),
                 /*finalizedOnCreation=*/false);
     }
 
@@ -103,6 +107,7 @@ public final class SucklessRecording implements AutoCloseable {
         return new SucklessRecording(pendingRecording.getRecorder(),
                 recordingId,
                 pendingRecording.getOutputOptions(),
+                pendingRecording.isPersistent(),
                 /*finalizedOnCreation=*/true);
     }
 
@@ -111,6 +116,20 @@ public final class SucklessRecording implements AutoCloseable {
         return mOutputOptions;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns whether this recording is a persistent recording.
+     *
+     * <p>A persistent recording will only be stopped by explicitly calling of
+     * {@link Recording#stop()} and will ignore the lifecycle events or source state changes.
+     * Users are responsible of stopping a persistent recording.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if the recording is a persistent recording, otherwise {@code false}.
+     */
+    @ExperimentalPersistentRecording
+    public boolean isPersistent() {
+        return mIsPersistent;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Pauses the current recording if active.
      *
@@ -196,11 +215,7 @@ public final class SucklessRecording implements AutoCloseable {
      */
     @Override
     public void close() {
-        mCloseGuard.close();
+        stopWithError(VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_NONE, /*errorCause=*/ null);
-        if (mIsClosed.getAndSet(true)) {
-            return;
-        }
-        mRecorder.stop(this);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -208,7 +223,8 @@ public final class SucklessRecording implements AutoCloseable {
     protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
         try {
             mCloseGuard.warnIfOpen();
-            stop();
+            stopWithError(VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_RECORDING_GARBAGE_COLLECTED,
+                    new RuntimeException("Recording stopped due to being garbage collected."));
         } finally {
             super.finalize();
         }
@@ -234,5 +250,14 @@ public final class SucklessRecording implements AutoCloseable {
     public boolean isClosed() {
         return mIsClosed.get();
     }
+
+    private void stopWithError(@VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.VideoRecordError int error,
+            @Nullable Throwable errorCause) {
+        mCloseGuard.close();
+        if (mIsClosed.getAndSet(true)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mRecorder.stop(this, error, errorCause);
+    }
 }
 

app/src/main/java/androidx/camera/video/internal/encoder/SucklessEncoderImpl.java

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import android.media.MediaCodec.BufferInfo;
 import android.media.MediaCodecInfo;
 import android.media.MediaFormat;
 import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.util.Range;
 import android.view.Surface;
 
@@ -1054,6 +1055,7 @@ public class SucklessEncoderImpl implements Encoder {
             if (mIsVideoEncoder) {
                 Timebase inputTimebase;
                 if (DeviceQuirks.get(CameraUseInconsistentTimebaseQuirk.class) != null) {
+                    Logger.w(mTag, "CameraUseInconsistentTimebaseQuirk is enabled");
                     inputTimebase = null;
                 } else {
                     inputTimebase = mInputTimebase;
@@ -1065,7 +1067,7 @@ public class SucklessEncoderImpl implements Encoder {
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void onInputBufferAvailable(MediaCodec mediaCodec, int index) {
+        public void onInputBufferAvailable(@NonNull MediaCodec mediaCodec, int index) {
             mEncoderExecutor.execute(() -> {
                 if (mStopped) {
                     Logger.w(mTag, "Receives input frame after codec is reset.");
@@ -1131,6 +1133,15 @@ public class SucklessEncoderImpl implements Encoder {
                         if (checkBufferInfo(bufferInfo)) {
                             if (!mHasFirstData) {
                                 mHasFirstData = true;
+                                // Only print the first data to avoid flooding the log.
+                                Logger.d(mTag,
+                                        "data timestampUs = " + bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs
+                                                + ", data timebase = " + mInputTimebase
+                                                + ", current system uptimeMs = "
+                                                + SystemClock.uptimeMillis()
+                                                + ", current system realtimeMs = "
+                                                + SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
+                                );
                             }
                             BufferInfo outBufferInfo = resolveOutputBufferInfo(bufferInfo);
                             mLastSentAdjustedTimeUs = outBufferInfo.presentationTimeUs;
@@ -1254,46 +1265,13 @@ public class SucklessEncoderImpl implements Encoder {
                         mVideoTimestampConverter.convertToUptimeUs(bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs);
             }
 
-            // MediaCodec may send out of order buffer
-            if (bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs <= mLastPresentationTimeUs) {
-                Logger.d(mTag, "Drop buffer by out of order buffer from MediaCodec.");
-                return false;
-            }
             mLastPresentationTimeUs = bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs;
 
-            // Ignore buffers are not in start/stop range. One situation is to ignore outdated
-            // frames when using the Surface of MediaCodec#createPersistentInputSurface. After
-            // the persistent Surface stops, it will keep a small number of old frames in its
-            // buffer, and send those old frames in the next startup.
-            if (!mStartStopTimeRangeUs.contains(bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs)) {
-                Logger.d(mTag, "Drop buffer by not in start-stop range.");
-                // If data hasn't reached the expected stop timestamp, set the stop timestamp.
-                if (mPendingCodecStop
-                        && bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs >= mStartStopTimeRangeUs.getUpper()) {
-                    if (mStopTimeoutFuture != null) {
-                        mStopTimeoutFuture.cancel(true);
-                    }
-                    mLastDataStopTimestamp = bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs;
-                    signalCodecStop();
-                    mPendingCodecStop = false;
-                }
-                return false;
-            }
-
             if (updatePauseRangeStateAndCheckIfBufferPaused(bufferInfo)) {
                 Logger.d(mTag, "Drop buffer by pause.");
                 return false;
             }
 
-            // We should check if the adjusted time is valid. see b/189114207.
-            if (getAdjustedTimeUs(bufferInfo) <= mLastSentAdjustedTimeUs) {
-                Logger.d(mTag, "Drop buffer by adjusted time is less than the last sent time.");
-                if (mIsVideoEncoder && isKeyFrame(bufferInfo)) {
-                    mIsKeyFrameRequired = true;
-                }
-                return false;
-            }
-
             if (!mHasFirstData && !mIsKeyFrameRequired && mIsVideoEncoder) {
                 mIsKeyFrameRequired = true;
             }

app/src/main/java/androidx/camera/video/originals/README.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Create the `new` folder if needed:
 mkdir -p new
 ```
 
-Put new CameraX files from upstream in the `new` folder.
+Put the new CameraX files from upstream (`androidx.camera.video.Recorder`, `androidx.camera.video.Recording`, `androidx.camera.video.PendingRecording` and `androidx.camera.video.internal.encoder.EncoderImpl`) in the `new` folder.
 
 Perform the 3 way merge:
 ```

app/src/main/java/androidx/camera/video/originals/base/EncoderImpl.java

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import android.media.MediaCodec.BufferInfo;
 import android.media.MediaCodecInfo;
 import android.media.MediaFormat;
 import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.util.Range;
 import android.view.Surface;
 
@@ -1053,6 +1054,7 @@ public class EncoderImpl implements Encoder {
             if (mIsVideoEncoder) {
                 Timebase inputTimebase;
                 if (DeviceQuirks.get(CameraUseInconsistentTimebaseQuirk.class) != null) {
+                    Logger.w(mTag, "CameraUseInconsistentTimebaseQuirk is enabled");
                     inputTimebase = null;
                 } else {
                     inputTimebase = mInputTimebase;
@@ -1064,7 +1066,7 @@ public class EncoderImpl implements Encoder {
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void onInputBufferAvailable(MediaCodec mediaCodec, int index) {
+        public void onInputBufferAvailable(@NonNull MediaCodec mediaCodec, int index) {
             mEncoderExecutor.execute(() -> {
                 if (mStopped) {
                     Logger.w(mTag, "Receives input frame after codec is reset.");
@@ -1130,6 +1132,15 @@ public class EncoderImpl implements Encoder {
                         if (checkBufferInfo(bufferInfo)) {
                             if (!mHasFirstData) {
                                 mHasFirstData = true;
+                                // Only print the first data to avoid flooding the log.
+                                Logger.d(mTag,
+                                        "data timestampUs = " + bufferInfo.presentationTimeUs
+                                                + ", data timebase = " + mInputTimebase
+                                                + ", current system uptimeMs = "
+                                                + SystemClock.uptimeMillis()
+                                                + ", current system realtimeMs = "
+                                                + SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
+                                );
                             }
                             BufferInfo outBufferInfo = resolveOutputBufferInfo(bufferInfo);
                             mLastSentAdjustedTimeUs = outBufferInfo.presentationTimeUs;

app/src/main/java/androidx/camera/video/originals/base/PendingRecording.java

@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ public final class PendingRecording {
     private final OutputOptions mOutputOptions;
     private Consumer<VideoRecordEvent> mEventListener;
     private Executor mListenerExecutor;
-
     private boolean mAudioEnabled = false;
+    private boolean mIsPersistent = false;
 
     PendingRecording(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull Recorder recorder,
             @NonNull OutputOptions options) {
@@ -102,6 +102,10 @@ public final class PendingRecording {
         return mAudioEnabled;
     }
 
+    boolean isPersistent() {
+        return mIsPersistent;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Enables audio to be recorded for this recording.
      *
@@ -137,6 +141,69 @@ public final class PendingRecording {
         return this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Configures the recording to be a persistent recording.
+     *
+     * <p>A persistent recording will only be stopped by explicitly calling
+     * {@link Recording#stop()} or {@link Recording#close()} and will ignore events that would
+     * normally cause recording to stop, such as lifecycle events or explicit unbinding of a
+     * {@link VideoCapture} use case that the recording's {@link Recorder} is attached to.
+     *
+     * <p>Even though lifecycle events or explicit unbinding use cases won't stop a persistent
+     * recording, it will still stop the camera from producing data, resulting in the in-progress
+     * persistent recording stopping getting data until the camera stream is activated again. For
+     * example, when the activity goes into background, the recording will keep waiting for new
+     * data to be recorded until the activity is back to foreground.
+     *
+     * <p>A {@link Recorder} instance is recommended to be associated with a single
+     * {@link VideoCapture} instance, especially when using persistent recording. Otherwise, there
+     * might be unexpected behavior. Any in-progress persistent recording created from the same
+     * {@link Recorder} should be stopped before starting a new recording, even if the
+     * {@link Recorder} is associated with a different {@link VideoCapture}.
+     *
+     * <p>To switch to a different camera stream while a recording is in progress, first create
+     * the recording as persistent recording, then rebind the {@link VideoCapture} it's
+     * associated with to a different camera. The implementation may be like:
+     * <pre>{@code
+     * // Prepare the Recorder and VideoCapture, then bind the VideoCapture to the back camera.
+     * Recorder recorder = Recorder.Builder().build();
+     * VideoCapture videoCapture = VideoCapture.withOutput(recorder);
+     * cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(
+     *         lifecycleOwner, CameraSelector.DEFAULT_BACK_CAMERA, videoCapture);
+     *
+     * // Prepare the persistent recording and start it.
+     * Recording recording = recorder
+     *         .prepareRecording(context, outputOptions)
+     *         .asPersistentRecording()
+     *         .start(eventExecutor, eventListener);
+     *
+     * // Record from the back camera for a period of time.
+     *
+     * // Rebind the VideoCapture to the front camera.
+     * cameraProvider.unbindAll();
+     * cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(
+     *         lifecycleOwner, CameraSelector.DEFAULT_FRONT_CAMERA, videoCapture);
+     *
+     * // Record from the front camera for a period of time.
+     *
+     * // Stop the recording explicitly.
+     * recording.stop();
+     * }</pre>
+     *
+     * <p>The audio data will still be recorded after the {@link VideoCapture} is unbound.
+     * {@link Recording#pause() Pause} the recording first and {@link Recording#resume() resume} it
+     * later to stop recording audio while rebinding use cases.
+     *
+     * <p>If the recording is unable to receive data from the new camera, possibly because of
+     * incompatible surface combination, an exception will be thrown when binding to lifecycle.
+     */
+    @ExperimentalPersistentRecording
+    @NonNull
+    public PendingRecording asPersistentRecording() {
+        mIsPersistent = true;
+        return this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Starts the recording, making it an active recording.
      *
@@ -157,7 +224,13 @@ public final class PendingRecording {
      *
      * <p>If the returned {@link Recording} is garbage collected, the recording will be
      * automatically stopped. A reference to the active recording must be maintained as long as
-     * the recording needs to be active.
+     * the recording needs to be active. If the recording is garbage collected, the
+     * {@link VideoRecordEvent.Finalize} event will contain error
+     * {@link VideoRecordEvent.Finalize#ERROR_RECORDING_GARBAGE_COLLECTED}.
+     *
+     * <p>The {@link Recording} will be stopped automatically if the {@link VideoCapture} its
+     * {@link Recorder} is attached to is unbound unless it's created
+     * {@link #asPersistentRecording() as a persistent recording}.
      *
      * @throws IllegalStateException if the associated Recorder currently has an unfinished
      * active recording.

app/src/main/java/androidx/camera/video/originals/base/Recorder.java

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package androidx.camera.video;
 
+import static androidx.camera.video.AudioStats.AUDIO_AMPLITUDE_NONE;
 import static androidx.camera.video.VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_DURATION_LIMIT_REACHED;
 import static androidx.camera.video.VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_ENCODING_FAILED;
 import static androidx.camera.video.VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_FILE_SIZE_LIMIT_REACHED;
@@ -57,6 +58,8 @@ import androidx.annotation.RequiresPermission;
 import androidx.annotation.RestrictTo;
 import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
 import androidx.camera.core.AspectRatio;
+import androidx.camera.core.CameraInfo;
+import androidx.camera.core.DynamicRange;
 import androidx.camera.core.Logger;
 import androidx.camera.core.SurfaceRequest;
 import androidx.camera.core.impl.MutableStateObservable;
@@ -79,7 +82,7 @@ import androidx.camera.video.internal.compat.Api26Impl;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.compat.quirk.DeactivateEncoderSurfaceBeforeStopEncoderQuirk;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.compat.quirk.DeviceQuirks;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.compat.quirk.EncoderNotUsePersistentInputSurfaceQuirk;
-import androidx.camera.video.internal.config.MimeInfo;
+import androidx.camera.video.internal.config.AudioMimeInfo;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.encoder.AudioEncoderConfig;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.encoder.BufferCopiedEncodedData;
 import androidx.camera.video.internal.encoder.EncodeException;
@@ -343,10 +346,14 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
     ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     //                      Members only accessed on mSequentialExecutor                          //
     ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-    private RecordingRecord mInProgressRecording = null;
+    @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
+    RecordingRecord mInProgressRecording = null;
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
     boolean mInProgressRecordingStopping = false;
-    private SurfaceRequest.TransformationInfo mSurfaceTransformationInfo = null;
+    @Nullable
+    private SurfaceRequest.TransformationInfo mInProgressTransformationInfo = null;
+    @Nullable
+    private SurfaceRequest.TransformationInfo mSourceTransformationInfo = null;
     private VideoValidatedEncoderProfilesProxy mResolvedEncoderProfiles = null;
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
     final List<ListenableFuture<Void>> mEncodingFutures = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -427,13 +434,15 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
     ScheduledFuture<?> mSourceNonStreamingTimeout = null;
     // The Recorder has to be reset first before being configured again.
-    private boolean mNeedsReset = false;
+    private boolean mNeedsResetBeforeNextStart = false;
     @NonNull
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
     VideoEncoderSession mVideoEncoderSession;
     @Nullable
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
     VideoEncoderSession mVideoEncoderSessionToRelease = null;
+    double mAudioAmplitude = 0;
+    private boolean mShouldSendResumeEvent = false;
     //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------//
 
     Recorder(@Nullable Executor executor, @NonNull MediaSpec mediaSpec,
@@ -490,6 +499,13 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
         mSequentialExecutor.execute(() -> onSourceStateChangedInternal(newState));
     }
 
+    @RestrictTo(RestrictTo.Scope.LIBRARY)
+    @Override
+    @NonNull
+    public VideoCapabilities getMediaCapabilities(@NonNull CameraInfo cameraInfo) {
+        return getVideoCapabilities(cameraInfo);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Prepares a recording that will be saved to a {@link File}.
      *
@@ -846,7 +862,8 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
         }
     }
 
-    void stop(@NonNull Recording activeRecording) {
+    void stop(@NonNull Recording activeRecording, @VideoRecordError int error,
+            @Nullable Throwable errorCause) {
         RecordingRecord pendingRecordingToFinalize = null;
         synchronized (mLock) {
             if (!isSameRecording(activeRecording, mPendingRecordingRecord) && !isSameRecording(
@@ -891,7 +908,7 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                     long explicitlyStopTimeUs = TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMicros(System.nanoTime());
                     RecordingRecord finalActiveRecordingRecord = mActiveRecordingRecord;
                     mSequentialExecutor.execute(() -> stopInternal(finalActiveRecordingRecord,
-                            explicitlyStopTimeUs, ERROR_NONE, null));
+                            explicitlyStopTimeUs, error, errorCause));
                     break;
                 case ERROR:
                     // In an error state, the recording will already be finalized. Treat as a
@@ -901,9 +918,13 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
         }
 
         if (pendingRecordingToFinalize != null) {
+            if (error == VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_RECORDING_GARBAGE_COLLECTED) {
+                Logger.e(TAG, "Recording was stopped due to recording being garbage collected "
+                        + "before any valid data has been produced.");
+            }
             finalizePendingRecording(pendingRecordingToFinalize, ERROR_NO_VALID_DATA,
                     new RuntimeException("Recording was stopped before any data could be "
-                            + "produced."));
+                            + "produced.", errorCause));
         }
     }
 
@@ -933,7 +954,8 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                         recordingToFinalize.getOutputOptions(),
                         RecordingStats.of(/*duration=*/0L,
                                 /*bytes=*/0L,
-                                AudioStats.of(AudioStats.AUDIO_STATE_DISABLED, mAudioErrorCause)),
+                                AudioStats.of(AudioStats.AUDIO_STATE_DISABLED, mAudioErrorCause,
+                                        AUDIO_AMPLITUDE_NONE)),
                         OutputResults.of(Uri.EMPTY),
                         error,
                         cause));
@@ -964,14 +986,15 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                 // If we're inactive and have no active surface, we'll reset the encoder directly.
                 // Otherwise, we'll wait for the active surface's surface request listener to
                 // reset the encoder.
-                requestReset(ERROR_SOURCE_INACTIVE, null);
+                requestReset(ERROR_SOURCE_INACTIVE, null, false);
             } else {
                 // The source becomes inactive, the incoming new surface request has to be cached
                 // and be serviced after the Recorder is reset when receiving the previous
                 // surface request complete callback.
-                mNeedsReset = true;
+                mNeedsResetBeforeNextStart = true;
-                if (mInProgressRecording != null) {
+                if (mInProgressRecording != null && !mInProgressRecording.isPersistent()) {
-                    // Stop any in progress recording with "source inactive" error
+                    // Stop the in progress recording with "source inactive" error if it's not a
+                    // persistent recording.
                     onInProgressRecordingInternalError(mInProgressRecording, ERROR_SOURCE_INACTIVE,
                             null);
                 }
@@ -995,7 +1018,8 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
      * the surface request complete callback first.
      */
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
-    void requestReset(@VideoRecordError int errorCode, @Nullable Throwable errorCause) {
+    void requestReset(@VideoRecordError int errorCode, @Nullable Throwable errorCause,
+            boolean videoOnly) {
         boolean shouldReset = false;
         boolean shouldStop = false;
         synchronized (mLock) {
@@ -1017,14 +1041,22 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                 case PAUSED:
                     // Fall-through
                 case RECORDING:
+                    Preconditions.checkState(mInProgressRecording != null, "In-progress recording"
+                            + " shouldn't be null when in state " + mState);
                     if (mActiveRecordingRecord != mInProgressRecording) {
                         throw new AssertionError("In-progress recording does not match the active"
                                 + " recording. Unable to reset encoder.");
                     }
-                    // If there's an active recording, stop it first then release the resources
+                    // If there's an active persistent recording, reset the Recorder directly.
-                    // at onRecordingFinalized().
+                    // Otherwise, stop the recording first then release the Recorder at
-                    shouldStop = true;
+                    // onRecordingFinalized().
-                    // Fall-through
+                    if (isPersistentRecordingInProgress()) {
+                        shouldReset = true;
+                    } else {
+                        shouldStop = true;
+                        setState(State.RESETTING);
+                    }
+                    break;
                 case STOPPING:
                     // Already stopping. Set state to RESETTING so resources will be released once
                     // onRecordingFinalized() runs.
@@ -1039,14 +1071,17 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
         // These calls must not be posted to the executor to ensure they are executed inline on
         // the sequential executor and the state changes above are correctly handled.
         if (shouldReset) {
-            reset();
+            if (videoOnly) {
+                resetVideo();
+            } else {
+                reset();
+            }
         } else if (shouldStop) {
             stopInternal(mInProgressRecording, Encoder.NO_TIMESTAMP, errorCode, errorCause);
         }
     }
 
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
-
     private void configureInternal(@NonNull SurfaceRequest surfaceRequest,
             @NonNull Timebase videoSourceTimebase) {
         if (surfaceRequest.isServiced()) {
@@ -1054,16 +1089,19 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
             return;
         }
         surfaceRequest.setTransformationInfoListener(mSequentialExecutor,
-                (transformationInfo) -> mSurfaceTransformationInfo = transformationInfo);
+                (transformationInfo) -> mSourceTransformationInfo = transformationInfo);
         Size surfaceSize = surfaceRequest.getResolution();
         // Fetch and cache nearest encoder profiles, if one exists.
-        LegacyVideoCapabilities capabilities =
+        DynamicRange dynamicRange = surfaceRequest.getDynamicRange();
-                LegacyVideoCapabilities.from(surfaceRequest.getCamera().getCameraInfo());
+        VideoCapabilities capabilities = getVideoCapabilities(
-        Quality highestSupportedQuality = capabilities.findHighestSupportedQualityFor(surfaceSize);
+                surfaceRequest.getCamera().getCameraInfo());
+        Quality highestSupportedQuality = capabilities.findHighestSupportedQualityFor(surfaceSize,
+                dynamicRange);
         Logger.d(TAG, "Using supported quality of " + highestSupportedQuality
                 + " for surface size " + surfaceSize);
         if (highestSupportedQuality != Quality.NONE) {
-            mResolvedEncoderProfiles = capabilities.getProfiles(highestSupportedQuality);
+            mResolvedEncoderProfiles = capabilities.getProfiles(highestSupportedQuality,
+                    dynamicRange);
             if (mResolvedEncoderProfiles == null) {
                 throw new AssertionError("Camera advertised available quality but did not "
                         + "produce EncoderProfiles  for advertised quality.");
@@ -1076,9 +1114,14 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
     private void setupVideo(@NonNull SurfaceRequest request, @NonNull Timebase timebase) {
         safeToCloseVideoEncoder().addListener(() -> {
-            if (request.isServiced() || mVideoEncoderSession.isConfiguredSurfaceRequest(request)) {
+            if (request.isServiced()
+                    || (mVideoEncoderSession.isConfiguredSurfaceRequest(request)
+                    && !isPersistentRecordingInProgress())) {
+                // Ignore the surface request if it's already serviced. Or the video encoder
+                // session is already configured, unless there's a persistent recording is running.
                 Logger.w(TAG, "Ignore the SurfaceRequest " + request + " isServiced: "
-                        + request.isServiced() + " VideoEncoderSession: " + mVideoEncoderSession);
+                        + request.isServiced() + " VideoEncoderSession: " + mVideoEncoderSession
+                        + " has been configured with a persistent in-progress recording.");
                 return;
             }
             VideoEncoderSession videoEncoderSession =
@@ -1110,6 +1153,12 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
         }, mSequentialExecutor);
     }
 
+    @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
+    @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
+    boolean isPersistentRecordingInProgress() {
+        return mInProgressRecording != null && mInProgressRecording.isPersistent();
+    }
+
     @NonNull
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
     private ListenableFuture<Void> safeToCloseVideoEncoder() {
@@ -1145,7 +1194,9 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
 
                         mVideoEncoderSessionToRelease = videoEncoderSession;
                         setLatestSurface(null);
-                        requestReset(ERROR_SOURCE_INACTIVE, null);
+                        // Only reset video if the in-progress recording is persistent.
+                        requestReset(ERROR_SOURCE_INACTIVE, null,
+                                isPersistentRecordingInProgress());
                     }
 
                     @Override
@@ -1160,17 +1211,14 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
     void onConfigured() {
         RecordingRecord recordingToStart = null;
         RecordingRecord pendingRecordingToFinalize = null;
+        boolean continuePersistentRecording = false;
         @VideoRecordError int error = ERROR_NONE;
         Throwable errorCause = null;
-        boolean startRecordingPaused = false;
+        boolean recordingPaused = false;
         synchronized (mLock) {
             switch (mState) {
                 case IDLING:
                     // Fall-through
-                case RECORDING:
-                    // Fall-through
-                case PAUSED:
-                    // Fall-through
                 case RESETTING:
                     throw new AssertionError(
                             "Incorrectly invoke onConfigured() in state " + mState);
@@ -1180,6 +1228,15 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                                 + "STOPPING state when it's not waiting for a new surface.");
                     }
                     break;
+                case PAUSED:
+                    recordingPaused = true;
+                    // Fall-through
+                case RECORDING:
+                    Preconditions.checkState(isPersistentRecordingInProgress(),
+                            "Unexpectedly invoke onConfigured() when there's a non-persistent "
+                                    + "in-progress recording");
+                    continuePersistentRecording = true;
+                    break;
                 case CONFIGURING:
                     setState(State.IDLING);
                     break;
@@ -1188,7 +1245,7 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                             "onConfigured() was invoked when the Recorder had encountered error");
                     break;
                 case PENDING_PAUSED:
-                    startRecordingPaused = true;
+                    recordingPaused = true;
                     // Fall through
                 case PENDING_RECORDING:
                     if (mActiveRecordingRecord != null) {
@@ -1209,9 +1266,21 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
             }
         }
 
-        if (recordingToStart != null) {
+        if (continuePersistentRecording) {
+            updateEncoderCallbacks(mInProgressRecording, true);
+            mVideoEncoder.start();
+            if (mShouldSendResumeEvent) {
+                mInProgressRecording.updateVideoRecordEvent(VideoRecordEvent.resume(
+                        mInProgressRecording.getOutputOptions(),
+                        getInProgressRecordingStats()));
+                mShouldSendResumeEvent = false;
+            }
+            if (recordingPaused) {
+                mVideoEncoder.pause();
+            }
+        } else if (recordingToStart != null) {
             // Start new active recording inline on sequential executor (but unlocked).
-            startRecording(recordingToStart, startRecordingPaused);
+            startRecording(recordingToStart, recordingPaused);
         } else if (pendingRecordingToFinalize != null) {
             finalizePendingRecording(pendingRecordingToFinalize, error, errorCause);
         }
@@ -1252,7 +1321,7 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
             throws AudioSourceAccessException, InvalidConfigException {
         MediaSpec mediaSpec = getObservableData(mMediaSpec);
         // Resolve the audio mime info
-        MimeInfo audioMimeInfo = resolveAudioMimeInfo(mediaSpec, mResolvedEncoderProfiles);
+        AudioMimeInfo audioMimeInfo = resolveAudioMimeInfo(mediaSpec, mResolvedEncoderProfiles);
         Timebase audioSourceTimebase = Timebase.UPTIME;
 
         // Select and create the audio source
@@ -1403,8 +1472,10 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                 return;
             }
 
-            if (mSurfaceTransformationInfo != null) {
+            SurfaceRequest.TransformationInfo transformationInfo = mSourceTransformationInfo;
-                mediaMuxer.setOrientationHint(mSurfaceTransformationInfo.getRotationDegrees());
+            if (transformationInfo != null) {
+                setInProgressTransformationInfo(transformationInfo);
+                mediaMuxer.setOrientationHint(transformationInfo.getRotationDegrees());
             }
             Location location = recordingToStart.getOutputOptions().getLocation();
             if (location != null) {
@@ -1507,7 +1578,9 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                                 "The Recorder doesn't support recording with audio");
                     }
                     try {
-                        setupAudio(recordingToStart);
+                        if (!mInProgressRecording.isPersistent() || mAudioEncoder == null) {
+                            setupAudio(recordingToStart);
+                        }
                         setAudioState(AudioState.ENABLED);
                     } catch (AudioSourceAccessException | InvalidConfigException e) {
                         Logger.e(TAG, "Unable to create audio resource with error: ", e);
@@ -1524,7 +1597,7 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                 break;
         }
 
-        initEncoderAndAudioSourceCallbacks(recordingToStart);
+        updateEncoderCallbacks(recordingToStart, false);
         if (isAudioEnabled()) {
             mAudioSource.start(recordingToStart.isMuted());
             mAudioEncoder.start();
@@ -1537,7 +1610,17 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
     }
 
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
-    private void initEncoderAndAudioSourceCallbacks(@NonNull RecordingRecord recordingToStart) {
+    private void updateEncoderCallbacks(@NonNull RecordingRecord recordingToStart,
+            boolean videoOnly) {
+        // If there are uncompleted futures, cancel them first.
+        if (!mEncodingFutures.isEmpty()) {
+            ListenableFuture<List<Void>> listFuture = Futures.allAsList(mEncodingFutures);
+            if (!listFuture.isDone()) {
+                listFuture.cancel(true);
+            }
+            mEncodingFutures.clear();
+        }
+
         mEncodingFutures.add(CallbackToFutureAdapter.getFuture(
                 completer -> {
                     mVideoEncoder.setEncoderCallback(new EncoderCallback() {
@@ -1633,7 +1716,7 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                     return "videoEncodingFuture";
                 }));
 
-        if (isAudioEnabled()) {
+        if (isAudioEnabled() && !videoOnly) {
             mEncodingFutures.add(CallbackToFutureAdapter.getFuture(
                     completer -> {
                         Consumer<Throwable> audioErrorConsumer = throwable -> {
@@ -1673,6 +1756,11 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                                             audioErrorConsumer.accept(throwable);
                                         }
                                     }
+
+                                    @Override
+                                    public void onAmplitudeValue(double maxAmplitude) {
+                                        mAudioAmplitude = maxAmplitude;
+                                    }
                                 });
 
                         mAudioEncoder.setEncoderCallback(new EncoderCallback() {
@@ -1759,12 +1847,16 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
 
                     @Override
                     public void onFailure(@NonNull Throwable t) {
-                        Logger.d(TAG, "Encodings end with error: " + t);
+                        Preconditions.checkState(mInProgressRecording != null,
-                        // If the media muxer hasn't been set up, assume the encoding fails
+                                "In-progress recording shouldn't be null");
-                        // because of no valid data has been produced.
+                        // If a persistent recording requires reconfiguring the video encoder,
-                        finalizeInProgressRecording(
+                        // the previous encoder future has to be canceled without finalizing the
-                                mMediaMuxer == null ? ERROR_NO_VALID_DATA : ERROR_ENCODING_FAILED,
+                        // in-progress recording.
-                                t);
+                        if (!mInProgressRecording.isPersistent()) {
+                            Logger.d(TAG, "Encodings end with error: " + t);
+                            finalizeInProgressRecording(mMediaMuxer == null ? ERROR_NO_VALID_DATA
+                                    : ERROR_ENCODING_FAILED, t);
+                        }
                     }
                 },
                 // Can use direct executor since completers are always completed on sequential
@@ -1905,11 +1997,20 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
             if (isAudioEnabled()) {
                 mAudioEncoder.start();
             }
-            mVideoEncoder.start();
+            // If a persistent recording is resumed immediately after the VideoCapture is rebound
-
+            // to a camera, it's possible that the encoder hasn't been created yet. Then the
-            mInProgressRecording.updateVideoRecordEvent(VideoRecordEvent.resume(
+            // encoder will be started once it's initialized. So only start the encoder when it's
-                    mInProgressRecording.getOutputOptions(),
+            // not null.
-                    getInProgressRecordingStats()));
+            if (mVideoEncoder != null) {
+                mVideoEncoder.start();
+                mInProgressRecording.updateVideoRecordEvent(VideoRecordEvent.resume(
+                        mInProgressRecording.getOutputOptions(),
+                        getInProgressRecordingStats()));
+            } else {
+                // Instead sending here, send the Resume event once the encoder is initialized
+                // and started.
+                mShouldSendResumeEvent = true;
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -2003,13 +2104,12 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
             mAudioEncoder = null;
             mAudioOutputConfig = null;
         }
-        tryReleaseVideoEncoder();
         if (mAudioSource != null) {
             releaseCurrentAudioSource();
         }
 
         setAudioState(AudioState.INITIALIZING);
-        onReset();
+        resetVideo();
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
@@ -2031,7 +2131,8 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
     }
 
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
-    private void onReset() {
+    private void onResetVideo() {
+        boolean shouldConfigure = true;
         synchronized (mLock) {
             switch (mState) {
                 case PENDING_PAUSED:
@@ -2044,6 +2145,10 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                 case PAUSED:
                     // Fall-through
                 case RECORDING:
+                    if (isPersistentRecordingInProgress()) {
+                        shouldConfigure = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
                     // Fall-through
                 case IDLING:
                     // Fall-through
@@ -2058,14 +2163,24 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
             }
         }
 
-        mNeedsReset = false;
+        mNeedsResetBeforeNextStart = false;
 
         // If the latest surface request hasn't been serviced, use it to re-configure the Recorder.
-        if (mLatestSurfaceRequest != null && !mLatestSurfaceRequest.isServiced()) {
+        if (shouldConfigure && mLatestSurfaceRequest != null
+                && !mLatestSurfaceRequest.isServiced()) {
             configureInternal(mLatestSurfaceRequest, mVideoSourceTimebase);
         }
     }
 
+    @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
+    private void resetVideo() {
+        if (mVideoEncoder != null) {
+            Logger.d(TAG, "Releasing video encoder.");
+            tryReleaseVideoEncoder();
+        }
+        onResetVideo();
+    }
+
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
     private int internalAudioStateToAudioStatsState(@NonNull AudioState audioState) {
         switch (audioState) {
@@ -2168,7 +2283,9 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
         mRecordingStopError = ERROR_UNKNOWN;
         mRecordingStopErrorCause = null;
         mAudioErrorCause = null;
+        mAudioAmplitude = AUDIO_AMPLITUDE_NONE;
         clearPendingAudioRingBuffer();
+        setInProgressTransformationInfo(null);
 
         switch (mAudioState) {
             case IDLING:
@@ -2351,7 +2468,7 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                     startRecordingPaused = true;
                     // Fall-through
                 case PENDING_RECORDING:
-                    if (mActiveRecordingRecord != null || mNeedsReset) {
+                    if (mActiveRecordingRecord != null || mNeedsResetBeforeNextStart) {
                         // Active recording is still finalizing or the Recorder is expected to be
                         // reset. Pending recording will be serviced in onRecordingFinalized() or
                         // in onReset().
@@ -2466,7 +2583,8 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
     @NonNull
     RecordingStats getInProgressRecordingStats() {
         return RecordingStats.of(mRecordingDurationNs, mRecordingBytes,
-                AudioStats.of(internalAudioStateToAudioStatsState(mAudioState), mAudioErrorCause));
+                AudioStats.of(internalAudioStateToAudioStatsState(mAudioState), mAudioErrorCause,
+                        mAudioAmplitude));
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
@@ -2520,7 +2638,7 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
         if (streamState == null) {
             streamState = internalStateToStreamState(mState);
         }
-        mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(mStreamId, streamState));
+        mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(mStreamId, streamState, mInProgressTransformationInfo));
     }
 
     @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
@@ -2542,7 +2660,20 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
         }
         Logger.d(TAG, "Transitioning streamId: " + mStreamId + " --> " + streamId);
         mStreamId = streamId;
-        mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(streamId, internalStateToStreamState(mState)));
+        mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(streamId, internalStateToStreamState(mState),
+                mInProgressTransformationInfo));
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic accessor */
+    @ExecutedBy("mSequentialExecutor")
+    void setInProgressTransformationInfo(
+            @Nullable SurfaceRequest.TransformationInfo transformationInfo) {
+        Logger.d(TAG, "Update stream transformation info: " + transformationInfo);
+        mInProgressTransformationInfo = transformationInfo;
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(mStreamId, internalStateToStreamState(mState),
+                    transformationInfo));
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2565,8 +2696,8 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
 
         if (mNonPendingState != state) {
             mNonPendingState = state;
-            mStreamInfo.setState(
+            mStreamInfo.setState(StreamInfo.of(mStreamId, internalStateToStreamState(state),
-                    StreamInfo.of(mStreamId, internalStateToStreamState(state)));
+                    mInProgressTransformationInfo));
         }
     }
 
@@ -2614,6 +2745,21 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
         return defaultMuxerFormat;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns the {@link VideoCapabilities} of Recorder with respect to input camera information.
+     *
+     * <p>{@link VideoCapabilities} provides methods to query supported dynamic ranges and
+     * qualities. This information can be used for things like checking if HDR is supported for
+     * configuring VideoCapture to record HDR video.
+     *
+     * @param cameraInfo info about the camera.
+     * @return VideoCapabilities with respect to the input camera info.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public static VideoCapabilities getVideoCapabilities(@NonNull CameraInfo cameraInfo) {
+        return RecorderVideoCapabilities.from(cameraInfo);
+    }
+
     @RequiresApi(21) // TODO(b/200306659): Remove and replace with annotation on package-info.java
     @AutoValue
     abstract static class RecordingRecord implements AutoCloseable {
@@ -2642,6 +2788,7 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                     pendingRecording.getListenerExecutor(),
                     pendingRecording.getEventListener(),
                     pendingRecording.isAudioEnabled(),
+                    pendingRecording.isPersistent(),
                     recordingId
             );
         }
@@ -2657,6 +2804,8 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
 
         abstract boolean hasAudioEnabled();
 
+        abstract boolean isPersistent();
+
         abstract long getRecordingId();
 
         /**
@@ -2720,8 +2869,13 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                                 // Toggle on pending status for the video file.
                                 contentValues.put(MediaStore.Video.Media.IS_PENDING, PENDING);
                             }
-                            outputUri = mediaStoreOutputOptions.getContentResolver().insert(
+                            try {
-                                    mediaStoreOutputOptions.getCollectionUri(), contentValues);
+                                outputUri = mediaStoreOutputOptions.getContentResolver().insert(
+                                        mediaStoreOutputOptions.getCollectionUri(), contentValues);
+                            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                                throw new IOException("Unable to create MediaStore entry by " + e,
+                                        e);
+                            }
                             if (outputUri == null) {
                                 throw new IOException("Unable to create MediaStore entry.");
                             }
@@ -2943,7 +3097,12 @@ public final class Recorder implements VideoOutput {
                 throw new AssertionError("One-time media muxer creation has already occurred for"
                         + " recording " + this);
             }
-            return mediaMuxerSupplier.get(muxerOutputFormat, outputUriCreatedCallback);
+
+            try {
+                return mediaMuxerSupplier.get(muxerOutputFormat, outputUriCreatedCallback);
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                throw new IOException("Failed to create MediaMuxer by " + e, e);
+            }
         }
 
         /**

app/src/main/java/androidx/camera/video/originals/base/Recording.java

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package androidx.camera.video;
 import static androidx.annotation.RestrictTo.Scope.LIBRARY_GROUP;
 
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
 import androidx.annotation.RestrictTo;
 import androidx.camera.core.impl.utils.CloseGuardHelper;
@@ -53,13 +54,15 @@ public final class Recording implements AutoCloseable {
     private final Recorder mRecorder;
     private final long mRecordingId;
     private final OutputOptions mOutputOptions;
+    private final boolean mIsPersistent;
     private final CloseGuardHelper mCloseGuard = CloseGuardHelper.create();
 
     Recording(@NonNull Recorder recorder, long recordingId, @NonNull OutputOptions options,
-            boolean finalizedOnCreation) {
+            boolean isPersistent, boolean finalizedOnCreation) {
         mRecorder = recorder;
         mRecordingId = recordingId;
         mOutputOptions = options;
+        mIsPersistent = isPersistent;
 
         if (finalizedOnCreation) {
             mIsClosed.set(true);
@@ -80,6 +83,7 @@ public final class Recording implements AutoCloseable {
         return new Recording(pendingRecording.getRecorder(),
                 recordingId,
                 pendingRecording.getOutputOptions(),
+                pendingRecording.isPersistent(),
                 /*finalizedOnCreation=*/false);
     }
 
@@ -100,6 +104,7 @@ public final class Recording implements AutoCloseable {
         return new Recording(pendingRecording.getRecorder(),
                 recordingId,
                 pendingRecording.getOutputOptions(),
+                pendingRecording.isPersistent(),
                 /*finalizedOnCreation=*/true);
     }
 
@@ -108,6 +113,20 @@ public final class Recording implements AutoCloseable {
         return mOutputOptions;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns whether this recording is a persistent recording.
+     *
+     * <p>A persistent recording will only be stopped by explicitly calling of
+     * {@link Recording#stop()} and will ignore the lifecycle events or source state changes.
+     * Users are responsible of stopping a persistent recording.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if the recording is a persistent recording, otherwise {@code false}.
+     */
+    @ExperimentalPersistentRecording
+    public boolean isPersistent() {
+        return mIsPersistent;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Pauses the current recording if active.
      *
@@ -193,11 +212,7 @@ public final class Recording implements AutoCloseable {
      */
     @Override
     public void close() {
-        mCloseGuard.close();
+        stopWithError(VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_NONE, /*errorCause=*/ null);
-        if (mIsClosed.getAndSet(true)) {
-            return;
-        }
-        mRecorder.stop(this);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -205,7 +220,8 @@ public final class Recording implements AutoCloseable {
     protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
         try {
             mCloseGuard.warnIfOpen();
-            stop();
+            stopWithError(VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.ERROR_RECORDING_GARBAGE_COLLECTED,
+                    new RuntimeException("Recording stopped due to being garbage collected."));
         } finally {
             super.finalize();
         }
@@ -231,5 +247,14 @@ public final class Recording implements AutoCloseable {
     public boolean isClosed() {
         return mIsClosed.get();
     }
+
+    private void stopWithError(@VideoRecordEvent.Finalize.VideoRecordError int error,
+            @Nullable Throwable errorCause) {
+        mCloseGuard.close();
+        if (mIsClosed.getAndSet(true)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mRecorder.stop(this, error, errorCause);
+    }
 }
 

app/src/main/java/androidx/camera/video/originals/merge.sh

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
+set -e
+
 for i in "PendingRecording" "Recording" "Recorder"; do
 	diff3 -m ../Suckless$i.java base/$i.java new/$i.java > Suckless$i.java && mv Suckless$i.java ..
 done

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/BaseActivity.kt

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import android.content.SharedPreferences
 import android.os.Bundle
 import android.view.WindowManager
 import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
+import androidx.preference.PreferenceManager
 
 open class BaseActivity: AppCompatActivity() {
     protected lateinit var sharedPrefs: SharedPreferences
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ open class BaseActivity: AppCompatActivity() {
 
     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
-        sharedPrefs = (application as VolumeManagerApp).sharedPreferences
+        sharedPrefs = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this)
         theme = Theme.fromSharedPrefs(sharedPrefs)
         if (applyCustomTheme) {
             setTheme(theme.toResourceId())

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/CameraActivity.kt

@@ -2,32 +2,32 @@ package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
 
 import android.Manifest
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint
-import android.content.Context
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager
-import android.hardware.camera2.CameraCharacteristics
-import android.hardware.camera2.CameraManager
 import android.os.Build
 import android.os.Bundle
 import android.text.InputType
 import android.util.Size
-import android.view.*
+import android.view.MotionEvent
+import android.view.ScaleGestureDetector
+import android.view.Surface
+import android.view.View
 import android.view.animation.Animation
 import android.view.animation.LinearInterpolator
 import android.view.animation.RotateAnimation
-import android.widget.ImageButton
 import android.widget.ImageView
 import android.widget.RelativeLayout
 import android.widget.Toast
 import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi
-import androidx.camera.camera2.interop.Camera2CameraInfo
 import androidx.camera.core.AspectRatio
 import androidx.camera.core.Camera
 import androidx.camera.core.CameraSelector
+import androidx.camera.core.DynamicRange
 import androidx.camera.core.FocusMeteringAction
 import androidx.camera.core.ImageCapture
 import androidx.camera.core.ImageCaptureException
 import androidx.camera.core.Preview
 import androidx.camera.core.UseCase
+import androidx.camera.core.resolutionselector.ResolutionSelector
 import androidx.camera.extensions.ExtensionMode
 import androidx.camera.extensions.ExtensionsManager
 import androidx.camera.lifecycle.ProcessCameraProvider
@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.databinding.ActivityCameraBinding
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.IntentUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.finishOnClose
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.video_recording.AsynchronousSeekableWriter
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.video_recording.FFmpegMuxer
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.video_recording.SeekableWriter
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
@@ -54,8 +55,12 @@ import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.EditTextDialog
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream
 import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
-import java.util.*
+import java.util.Date
+import java.util.Locale
+import java.util.Random
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor
+import kotlin.math.pow
+import kotlin.math.sqrt
 
 @SuppressLint("RestrictedApi")
 class CameraActivity : BaseActivity(), SensorOrientationListener.Listener {
@@ -78,6 +83,7 @@ class CameraActivity : BaseActivity(), SensorOrientationListener.Listener {
             }
         }
     private lateinit var sensorOrientationListener: SensorOrientationListener
+    private var currentRotation = 0
     private var previousOrientation: Float = 0f
     private lateinit var orientedIcons: List<ImageView>
     private lateinit var encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume
@@ -112,7 +118,10 @@ class CameraActivity : BaseActivity(), SensorOrientationListener.Listener {
         binding = ActivityCameraBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
         setContentView(binding.root)
         supportActionBar?.hide()
-        encryptedVolume = IntentUtils.getParcelableExtra(intent, "volume")!!
+        encryptedVolume = (application as VolumeManagerApp).volumeManager.getVolume(
+            intent.getIntExtra("volumeId", -1)
+        )!!
+        finishOnClose(encryptedVolume)
         outputDirectory = intent.getStringExtra("path")!!
 
         if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
@@ -380,11 +389,18 @@ class CameraActivity : BaseActivity(), SensorOrientationListener.Listener {
         imageCapture = ImageCapture.Builder()
             .setCaptureMode(captureMode)
             .setFlashMode(imageCapture?.flashMode ?: ImageCapture.FLASH_MODE_AUTO)
-            .apply {
+            .setResolutionSelector(ResolutionSelector.Builder().setResolutionFilter { supportedSizes, _ ->
-                currentResolution?.let {
+                resolutions = supportedSizes.sortedBy {
-                    setTargetResolution(it)
+                    -it.width*it.height
                 }
-            }
+                currentResolution?.let { targetResolution ->
+                    return@setResolutionFilter supportedSizes.sortedBy {
+                        sqrt((it.width - targetResolution.width).toDouble().pow(2) + (it.height - targetResolution.height).toDouble().pow(2))
+                    }
+                }
+                supportedSizes
+            }.build())
+            .setTargetRotation(currentRotation)
             .build()
     }
 
@@ -396,7 +412,9 @@ class CameraActivity : BaseActivity(), SensorOrientationListener.Listener {
             recorderBuilder.setQualitySelector(QualitySelector.from(qualities!![currentQualityIndex]))
         }
         videoRecorder = recorderBuilder.build()
-        videoCapture = VideoCapture.withOutput(videoRecorder!!)
+        videoCapture = VideoCapture.withOutput(videoRecorder!!).apply {
+            targetRotation = currentRotation
+        }
     }
 
     private fun rebindUseCases(): UseCase {
@@ -405,20 +423,12 @@ class CameraActivity : BaseActivity(), SensorOrientationListener.Listener {
             refreshVideoCapture()
             camera = cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(this, cameraSelector, cameraPreview, videoCapture)
             if (qualities == null) {
-                qualities = QualitySelector.getSupportedQualities(camera!!.cameraInfo)
+                qualities = SucklessRecorder.getVideoCapabilities(camera!!.cameraInfo).getSupportedQualities(DynamicRange.UNSPECIFIED)
             }
             videoCapture
         } else {
             refreshImageCapture()
             camera = cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(this, cameraSelector, cameraPreview, imageCapture)
-            if (resolutions == null) {
-                val info = Camera2CameraInfo.from(camera!!.cameraInfo)
-                val cameraManager = getSystemService(Context.CAMERA_SERVICE) as CameraManager
-                val characteristics = cameraManager.getCameraCharacteristics(info.cameraId)
-                characteristics.get(CameraCharacteristics.SCALER_STREAM_CONFIGURATION_MAP)?.let { streamConfigurationMap ->
-                    resolutions = streamConfigurationMap.getOutputSizes(imageCapture!!.imageFormat).map { it.swap() }
-                }
-            }
             imageCapture
         })!!
         adaptPreviewSize(currentUseCase.attachedSurfaceResolution!!.swap())
@@ -510,37 +520,32 @@ class CameraActivity : BaseActivity(), SensorOrientationListener.Listener {
                     .show()
                 return
             }
-            startTimerThen {
+            val writer = AsynchronousSeekableWriter(object : SeekableWriter {
-                var withAudio = true
+                private var offset = 0L
-                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
+
-                    if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+                override fun close() {
-                        withAudio = false
+                    encryptedVolume.closeFile(fileHandle)
-                    }
                 }
-                videoRecording = videoRecorder?.prepareRecording(
-                    this,
-                    MuxerOutputOptions(
-                        FFmpegMuxer(object : SeekableWriter {
-                            private var offset = 0L
 
-                            override fun close() {
+                override fun seek(offset: Long) {
-                                encryptedVolume.closeFile(fileHandle)
+                    this.offset = offset
-                            }
+                }
 
-                            override fun seek(offset: Long) {
+                override fun write(buffer: ByteArray, size: Int) {
-                                this.offset = offset
+                    offset += encryptedVolume.write(fileHandle, offset, buffer, 0, size.toLong())
-                            }
+                }
-
+            })
-                            override fun write(buffer: ByteArray) {
+            val pendingRecording = videoRecorder!!.prepareRecording(
-                                offset += encryptedVolume.write(fileHandle, offset, buffer, 0, buffer.size.toLong())
+                this,
-                            }
+                MuxerOutputOptions(FFmpegMuxer(writer))
-                        })
+            ).also {
-                    )
+                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M || ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
-                )?.apply {
+                    it.withAudioEnabled()
-                    if (withAudio) {
+                }
-                        withAudioEnabled()
+            }
-                    }
+            startTimerThen {
-                }?.start(executor) {
+                writer.start()
+                videoRecording = pendingRecording.start(executor) {
                     val buttons = arrayOf(binding.imageCaptureMode, binding.imageRatio, binding.imageTimer, binding.imageModeSwitch, binding.imageCameraSwitch)
                     when (it) {
                         is VideoRecordEvent.Start -> {
@@ -580,11 +585,7 @@ class CameraActivity : BaseActivity(), SensorOrientationListener.Listener {
 
     override fun onResume() {
         super.onResume()
-        if (encryptedVolume.isClosed()) {
+        sensorOrientationListener.addListener(this)
-            finish()
-        } else {
-            sensorOrientationListener.addListener(this)
-        }
     }
 
     override fun onOrientationChange(newOrientation: Int) {
@@ -606,6 +607,7 @@ class CameraActivity : BaseActivity(), SensorOrientationListener.Listener {
         previousOrientation = realOrientation
         imageCapture?.targetRotation = newOrientation
         videoCapture?.targetRotation = newOrientation
+        currentRotation = newOrientation
     }
 }
 

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/ChangePasswordActivity.kt

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.GocryptfsVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.IntentUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.ObjRef
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.WidgetUtil
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.UIUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
 import java.util.*
 
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ class ChangePasswordActivity: BaseActivity() {
     }
 
     private fun changeVolumePassword() {
-        val newPassword = WidgetUtil.encodeEditTextContent(binding.editNewPassword)
+        val newPassword = UIUtils.encodeEditTextContent(binding.editNewPassword)
-        val newPasswordConfirm = WidgetUtil.encodeEditTextContent(binding.editPasswordConfirm)
+        val newPasswordConfirm = UIUtils.encodeEditTextContent(binding.editPasswordConfirm)
         @SuppressLint("NewApi")
         if (!newPassword.contentEquals(newPasswordConfirm)) {
             Toast.makeText(this, R.string.passwords_mismatch, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ class ChangePasswordActivity: BaseActivity() {
             null
         }
         val currentPassword = if (givenHash == null) {
-            WidgetUtil.encodeEditTextContent(binding.editCurrentPassword)
+            UIUtils.encodeEditTextContent(binding.editCurrentPassword)
         } else {
             null
         }
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ class ChangePasswordActivity: BaseActivity() {
                     )
                 }
                 if (success) {
-                    if (volumeDatabase.isHashSaved(volume.name)) {
+                    if (volumeDatabase.isHashSaved(volume)) {
                         volumeDatabase.removeHash(volume)
                     }
                 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/ClosingService.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
+
+import android.app.Service
+import android.content.Intent
+
+/**
+ * Dummy background service listening for application task removal in order to
+ * close all volumes still open on quit.
+ *
+ * Should only be running when usfBackground is enabled AND usfKeepOpen is disabled.
+ */
+class ClosingService : Service() {
+    override fun onBind(intent: Intent) = null
+
+    override fun onTaskRemoved(rootIntent: Intent) {
+        super.onTaskRemoved(rootIntent)
+        (application as VolumeManagerApp).volumeManager.closeAll()
+        stopSelf()
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/EncryptedFileProvider.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
+
+import android.app.ActivityManager
+import android.content.Context
+import android.os.Build
+import android.os.Handler
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor
+import android.system.Os
+import android.util.Log
+import androidx.preference.PreferenceManager
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.Compat
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.Wiper
+import java.io.File
+import java.io.FileInputStream
+import java.io.FileOutputStream
+import java.io.InputStream
+import java.util.UUID
+
+class EncryptedFileProvider(context: Context) {
+    companion object {
+        private const val TAG = "EncryptedFileProvider"
+        fun getTmpFilesDir(context: Context) = File(context.cacheDir, "tmp")
+
+        var exportMethod = ExportMethod.AUTO
+    }
+
+    enum class ExportMethod {
+        AUTO,
+        DISK,
+        MEMORY;
+
+        companion object {
+            fun parse(value: String) = when (value) {
+                "auto" -> EncryptedFileProvider.ExportMethod.AUTO
+                "disk" -> EncryptedFileProvider.ExportMethod.DISK
+                "memory" -> EncryptedFileProvider.ExportMethod.MEMORY
+                else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid export method: $value")
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private val memoryInfo = ActivityManager.MemoryInfo()
+    private val isMemFileSupported = Compat.isMemFileSupported()
+    private val tmpFilesDir by lazy { getTmpFilesDir(context) }
+    private val handler by lazy { Handler(context.mainLooper) }
+
+    init {
+        (context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE) as ActivityManager).getMemoryInfo(
+            memoryInfo
+        )
+
+        PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context)
+            .getString("export_method", null)?.let {
+                exportMethod = ExportMethod.parse(it)
+            }
+    }
+
+    class ExportedDiskFile private constructor(
+        path: String,
+        private val file: File,
+        private val handler: Handler
+    ) : ExportedFile(path) {
+        companion object {
+            fun create(path: String, tmpFilesDir: File, handler: Handler): ExportedDiskFile? {
+                val uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString()
+                val file = File(tmpFilesDir, uuid)
+                return if (file.createNewFile()) {
+                    ExportedDiskFile(path, file, handler)
+                } else {
+                    null
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        override fun open(mode: Int, furtive: Boolean): ParcelFileDescriptor {
+            return if (furtive) {
+                ParcelFileDescriptor.open(file, mode, handler) {
+                    free()
+                }
+            } else {
+                ParcelFileDescriptor.open(file, mode)
+            }
+        }
+
+        override fun free() {
+            Wiper.wipe(file)
+        }
+    }
+
+    class ExportedMemFile private constructor(path: String, private val file: MemFile) :
+        ExportedFile(path) {
+        companion object {
+            fun create(path: String, size: Long): ExportedMemFile? {
+                val uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString()
+                MemFile.create(uuid, size)?.let {
+                    return ExportedMemFile(path, it)
+                }
+                return null
+            }
+        }
+
+        override fun open(mode: Int, furtive: Boolean): ParcelFileDescriptor {
+            val fd = if (furtive) {
+                file.toParcelFileDescriptor()
+            } else {
+                file.dup()
+            }
+            if (mode and ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_TRUNCATE != 0) {
+                Os.ftruncate(fd.fileDescriptor, 0)
+            } else {
+                FileInputStream(fd.fileDescriptor).apply {
+                    channel.position(0)
+                    close()
+                }
+            }
+            return fd
+        }
+
+        override fun free() = file.close()
+    }
+
+    abstract class ExportedFile(val path: String) {
+        var isValid = true
+            private set
+
+        fun invalidate() {
+            isValid = false
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param furtive If set to true, the file will be deleted when closed
+         */
+        abstract fun open(mode: Int, furtive: Boolean): ParcelFileDescriptor
+        abstract fun free()
+    }
+
+    fun createFile(
+        path: String,
+        size: Long,
+    ): ExportedFile? {
+        val diskFile by lazy { ExportedDiskFile.create(path, tmpFilesDir, handler) }
+        val memFile by lazy { ExportedMemFile.create(path, size) }
+        return when (exportMethod) {
+            ExportMethod.MEMORY -> memFile
+            ExportMethod.DISK -> diskFile
+            ExportMethod.AUTO -> {
+                if (isMemFileSupported && size < memoryInfo.availMem * 0.8) {
+                    memFile
+                } else {
+                    diskFile
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun exportFile(
+        exportedFile: ExportedFile,
+        encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume,
+    ): Boolean {
+        val fd = exportedFile.open(ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_WRITE_ONLY, false).fileDescriptor
+        return encryptedVolume.exportFile(exportedFile.path, FileOutputStream(fd))
+    }
+
+    enum class Error {
+        SUCCESS,
+        INVALID_STATE,
+        WRITE_ACCESS_DENIED,
+        UNSUPPORTED_APPEND,
+        UNSUPPORTED_RW,
+        ;
+
+        fun log() {
+            Log.e(
+                TAG, when (this) {
+                    SUCCESS -> "No error"
+                    INVALID_STATE -> "Read after write is not supported"
+                    WRITE_ACCESS_DENIED -> "Write access unauthorized"
+                    UNSUPPORTED_APPEND -> "Appending is not supported"
+                    UNSUPPORTED_RW -> "Read-write access requires Android 11 or later"
+                }
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param furtive If set to true, the file will be deleted when closed
+     */
+    fun openFile(
+        file: ExportedFile,
+        mode: String,
+        encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume,
+        volumeScope: CoroutineScope,
+        furtive: Boolean,
+        allowWrites: Boolean,
+    ): Pair<ParcelFileDescriptor?, Error> {
+        val mode = ParcelFileDescriptor.parseMode(mode)
+        return if (mode and ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_READ_ONLY != 0) {
+            if (!file.isValid) return Pair(null, Error.INVALID_STATE)
+            Pair(file.open(mode, furtive), Error.SUCCESS)
+        } else {
+            if (!allowWrites) {
+                return Pair(null, Error.WRITE_ACCESS_DENIED)
+            }
+
+            fun import(input: InputStream): Boolean {
+                return if (encryptedVolume.importFile(input, file.path)) {
+                    true
+                } else {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Failed to import file")
+                    false
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (mode and ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_WRITE_ONLY != 0) {
+                if (mode and ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_APPEND != 0) {
+                    return Pair(null, Error.UNSUPPORTED_APPEND)
+                }
+                if (mode and ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_TRUNCATE == 0) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "Truncating file despite not being requested")
+                }
+                val pipe = ParcelFileDescriptor.createReliablePipe()
+                val input = FileInputStream(pipe[0].fileDescriptor)
+                volumeScope.launch {
+                    if (import(input)) {
+                        file.invalidate()
+                    }
+                }
+                Pair(pipe[1], Error.SUCCESS)
+            } else { // read-write
+                if (!file.isValid) return Pair(null, Error.INVALID_STATE)
+                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+                    val fd = file.open(mode, false)
+                    Pair(ParcelFileDescriptor.wrap(fd, handler) { e ->
+                        if (e == null) {
+                            import(FileInputStream(fd.fileDescriptor))
+                            if (furtive) {
+                                file.free()
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }, Error.SUCCESS)
+                } else {
+                    Pair(null, Error.UNSUPPORTED_RW)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/FileShare.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.Intent
+import android.net.Uri
+import android.webkit.MimeTypeMap
+import androidx.preference.PreferenceManager
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers.TemporaryFileProvider
+import java.io.File
+
+class FileShare(context: Context) {
+    companion object {
+        private const val CONTENT_TYPE_ANY = "*/*"
+        private fun getContentType(filename: String, previousContentType: String?): String {
+            if (CONTENT_TYPE_ANY != previousContentType) {
+                var contentType = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton()
+                    .getMimeTypeFromExtension(File(filename).extension)
+                if (contentType == null) {
+                    contentType = CONTENT_TYPE_ANY
+                }
+                if (previousContentType == null) {
+                    return contentType
+                } else if (previousContentType != contentType) {
+                    return CONTENT_TYPE_ANY
+                }
+            }
+            return previousContentType
+        }
+    }
+
+    private val usfSafWrite = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context).getBoolean("usf_saf_write", false)
+
+    private fun exportFile(exportedFile: EncryptedFileProvider.ExportedFile, size: Long, volumeId: Int, previousContentType: String? = null): Pair<Uri, String>? {
+        val uri = TemporaryFileProvider.instance.exportFile(exportedFile, size, volumeId) ?: return null
+        return Pair(uri, getContentType(File(exportedFile.path).name, previousContentType))
+    }
+
+    fun share(files: List<Pair<String, Long>>, volumeId: Int): Pair<Intent?, Int?> {
+        var contentType: String? = null
+        val uris = ArrayList<Uri>(files.size)
+        for ((path, size) in files) {
+            val exportedFile = TemporaryFileProvider.instance.encryptedFileProvider.createFile(path, size)
+                ?: return Pair(null, R.string.export_failed_create)
+            val result = exportFile(exportedFile, size, volumeId, contentType)
+            contentType = if (result == null) {
+                return Pair(null, R.string.export_failed_export)
+            } else {
+                uris.add(result.first)
+                result.second
+            }
+        }
+        return Pair(Intent().apply {
+            type = contentType
+            if (uris.size == 1) {
+                action = Intent.ACTION_SEND
+                putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uris[0])
+            } else {
+                action = Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE
+                putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uris)
+            }
+        }, null)
+    }
+
+    fun openWith(exportedFile: EncryptedFileProvider.ExportedFile, size: Long, volumeId: Int): Pair<Intent?, Int?> {
+        val result = exportFile(exportedFile, size, volumeId)
+        return if (result == null) {
+            Pair(null, R.string.export_failed_export)
+        } else {
+            Pair(Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW).apply {
+                addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION)
+                if (usfSafWrite) {
+                    addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION)
+                }
+                setDataAndType(result.first, result.second)
+            }, null)
+        }
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/FileTypes.kt

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ object FileTypes {
     private val FILE_EXTENSIONS = mapOf(
         Pair("image", listOf("png", "jpg", "jpeg", "gif", "webp", "bmp", "heic")),
         Pair("video", listOf("mp4", "webm", "mkv", "mov")),
-        Pair("audio", listOf("mp3", "ogg", "m4a", "wav", "flac")),
+        Pair("audio", listOf("mp3", "ogg", "m4a", "wav", "flac", "opus")),
         Pair("pdf", listOf("pdf")),
         Pair("text", listOf(
             "asc",

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/KeepAliveService.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
+
+import android.app.Notification
+import android.app.NotificationChannel
+import android.app.NotificationManager
+import android.app.PendingIntent
+import android.app.Service
+import android.content.Intent
+import android.content.pm.ServiceInfo
+import android.os.Build
+import android.os.Parcel
+import android.os.Parcelable
+import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
+import androidx.core.app.NotificationManagerCompat
+import androidx.core.app.ServiceCompat
+import androidx.core.content.IntentCompat
+
+class KeepAliveService: Service() {
+    internal class NotificationDetails(
+        val channel: String,
+        val title: String,
+        val text: String,
+        val action: NotificationAction,
+    ) : Parcelable {
+        internal class NotificationAction(
+            val icon: Int,
+            val title: String,
+            val action: String,
+        )
+
+        constructor(parcel: Parcel) : this(
+            parcel.readString()!!,
+            parcel.readString()!!,
+            parcel.readString()!!,
+            NotificationAction(
+                parcel.readInt(),
+                parcel.readString()!!,
+                parcel.readString()!!,
+            )
+        )
+
+        override fun writeToParcel(parcel: Parcel, flags: Int) {
+            with (parcel) {
+                writeString(channel)
+                writeString(title)
+                writeString(text)
+                writeInt(action.icon)
+                writeString(action.title)
+                writeString(action.action)
+            }
+        }
+
+        override fun describeContents() = 0
+
+        companion object CREATOR : Parcelable.Creator<NotificationDetails> {
+            override fun createFromParcel(parcel: Parcel) = NotificationDetails(parcel)
+            override fun newArray(size: Int) = arrayOfNulls<NotificationDetails>(size)
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        const val ACTION_START = "start"
+
+        /**
+         * If [startForeground] is called before notification permission is granted,
+         * the notification won't appear.
+         *
+         * This action can be used once the permission is granted, to make the service
+         * call [startForeground] again in order to properly show the notification.
+         */
+        const val ACTION_FOREGROUND = "foreground"
+        const val NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID = "KeepAlive"
+    }
+
+    private val notificationManager by lazy {
+        NotificationManagerCompat.from(this)
+    }
+    private var notification: Notification? = null
+
+    override fun onBind(intent: Intent?) = null
+
+    override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
+        if (intent.action == ACTION_START) {
+            val notificationDetails = IntentCompat.getParcelableExtra(intent, "notification", NotificationDetails::class.java)!!
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
+                notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(
+                    NotificationChannel(
+                        NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID,
+                        notificationDetails.channel,
+                        NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW
+                    )
+                )
+            }
+            notification = NotificationCompat.Builder(this, NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID)
+                .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_notification)
+                .setContentTitle(notificationDetails.title)
+                .setContentText(notificationDetails.text)
+                .addAction(NotificationCompat.Action(
+                    notificationDetails.action.icon,
+                    notificationDetails.action.title,
+                    PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
+                        this,
+                        0,
+                        Intent(this, NotificationBroadcastReceiver::class.java).apply {
+                            action = notificationDetails.action.action
+                        },
+                        PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE
+                    )
+                ))
+                .build()
+        }
+        ServiceCompat.startForeground(this, startId, notification!!, if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+            ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_DATA_SYNC // is there a better use case flag?
+        } else {
+            0
+        })
+        return START_NOT_STICKY
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/LogcatActivity.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
+
+import android.net.Uri
+import android.os.Bundle
+import android.view.Menu
+import android.view.MenuItem
+import android.widget.Toast
+import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts
+import androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.databinding.ActivityLogcatBinding
+import java.io.BufferedReader
+import java.io.BufferedWriter
+import java.io.InputStreamReader
+import java.io.InterruptedIOException
+import java.io.OutputStreamWriter
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
+import java.util.Date
+import java.util.Locale
+
+class LogcatActivity: BaseActivity() {
+    private lateinit var binding: ActivityLogcatBinding
+    private var process: Process? = null
+    private val dateFormat by lazy {
+        SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd_HH:mm:ss", Locale.getDefault())
+    }
+    private val saveAs = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.CreateDocument("text/*")) { uri ->
+        uri?.let {
+            saveTo(it)
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
+        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
+        binding = ActivityLogcatBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
+        setContentView(binding.root)
+        title = getString(R.string.logcat_title)
+        supportActionBar?.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true)
+
+        lifecycleScope.launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            try {
+                BufferedReader(InputStreamReader(Runtime.getRuntime().exec("logcat").also {
+                    process = it
+                }.inputStream)).forEachLine {
+                    binding.content.post {
+                        binding.content.append("$it\n")
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (_: InterruptedIOException) {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun onDestroy() {
+        super.onDestroy()
+        process?.destroy()
+    }
+
+    override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu): Boolean {
+        menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.logcat, menu)
+        return true
+    }
+
+    override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {
+        return when (item.itemId) {
+            android.R.id.home -> {
+                finish()
+                true
+            }
+            R.id.save -> {
+                saveAs.launch("DroidFS_${dateFormat.format(Date())}.log")
+                true
+            }
+            else -> super.onOptionsItemSelected(item)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun saveTo(uri: Uri) {
+        lifecycleScope.launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            BufferedWriter(OutputStreamWriter(contentResolver.openOutputStream(uri))).use {
+                it.write(binding.content.text.toString())
+            }
+            launch(Dispatchers.Main) {
+                Toast.makeText(this@LogcatActivity, R.string.logcat_saved, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/MainActivity.kt

@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
 
-import android.content.ComponentName
-import android.content.Context
 import android.content.Intent
-import android.content.ServiceConnection
 import android.net.Uri
 import android.os.Bundle
-import android.os.IBinder
 import android.view.Menu
 import android.view.MenuItem
 import android.view.View
@@ -20,12 +16,15 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Constants.DEFAULT_VOLUME_KEY
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.adapters.VolumeAdapter
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.add_volume.AddVolumeActivity
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers.VolumeProvider
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.databinding.ActivityMainBinding
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.databinding.DialogDeleteVolumeBinding
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.explorers.ExplorerRouter
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_operations.FileOperationService
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_operations.TaskResult
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.IntentUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.UIUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.EditTextDialog
 import java.io.File
@@ -46,9 +45,9 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
             finish()
         }
     }
-    private var changePasswordPosition: Int? = null
+    private var selectedVolumePosition: Int? = null
     private var changePassword = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult()) {
-        changePasswordPosition?.let { unselect(it) }
+        selectedVolumePosition?.let { unselect(it) }
     }
     private val pickDirectory = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.OpenDocumentTree()) { uri ->
         if (uri != null)
@@ -128,14 +127,8 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
                 }
             }
         }
-        startService(Intent(this, WiperService::class.java))
+        FileOperationService.bind(this) {
-        Intent(this, FileOperationService::class.java).also {
+            fileOperationService = it
-            bindService(it, object : ServiceConnection {
-                override fun onServiceConnected(className: ComponentName, service: IBinder) {
-                    fileOperationService = (service as FileOperationService.LocalBinder).getService()
-                }
-                override fun onServiceDisconnected(arg0: ComponentName) {}
-            }, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE)
         }
     }
 
@@ -147,6 +140,7 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
             recreate()
         } else {
             volumeAdapter.refresh()
+            invalidateOptionsMenu()
             if (volumeAdapter.volumes.isNotEmpty()) {
                 binding.textNoVolumes.visibility = View.GONE
             }
@@ -185,15 +179,13 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
     }
 
     private fun unselect(position: Int) {
-        volumeAdapter.selectedItems.remove(position)
+        volumeAdapter.unselect(position)
-        volumeAdapter.onVolumeChanged(position)
-        onSelectionChanged(0) // unselect() is always called when only one element is selected
         invalidateOptionsMenu()
     }
 
     private fun removeVolume(volume: VolumeData) {
         volumeManager.getVolumeId(volume)?.let { volumeManager.closeVolume(it) }
-        volumeDatabase.removeVolume(volume.name)
+        volumeDatabase.removeVolume(volume)
     }
 
     private fun removeVolumes(volumes: List<VolumeData>, i: Int = 0, doDeleteVolumeContent: Boolean? = null) {
@@ -286,15 +278,15 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
             R.id.delete_password_hash -> {
                 for (i in volumeAdapter.selectedItems) {
                     if (volumeDatabase.removeHash(volumeAdapter.volumes[i]))
-                        volumeAdapter.onVolumeChanged(i)
+                        volumeAdapter.onVolumeDataChanged(i)
                 }
                 unselectAll(false)
                 true
             }
             R.id.change_password -> {
-                changePasswordPosition = volumeAdapter.selectedItems.elementAt(0)
+                selectedVolumePosition = volumeAdapter.selectedItems.elementAt(0)
                 changePassword.launch(Intent(this, ChangePasswordActivity::class.java).apply {
-                    putExtra("volume", volumeAdapter.volumes[changePasswordPosition!!])
+                    putExtra("volume", volumeAdapter.volumes[selectedVolumePosition!!])
                 })
                 true
             }
@@ -304,26 +296,33 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
                 true
             }
             R.id.copy -> {
-                val position = volumeAdapter.selectedItems.elementAt(0)
+                selectedVolumePosition = volumeAdapter.selectedItems.elementAt(0)
-                val volume = volumeAdapter.volumes[position]
+                val volume = volumeAdapter.volumes[selectedVolumePosition!!]
-                when {
+                if (volume.isHidden) {
-                    volume.isHidden -> {
+                    (application as VolumeManagerApp).isStartingExternalApp = true
-                        PathUtils.safePickDirectory(pickDirectory, this, theme)
+                    PathUtils.safePickDirectory(pickDirectory, this, theme)
-                    }
+                } else {
-                    File(filesDir, volume.shortName).exists() -> {
+                    val hiddenVolumeFile = File(VolumeData.getHiddenVolumeFullPath(filesDir.path, volume.shortName))
+                    if (hiddenVolumeFile.exists()) {
                         CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
                             .setTitle(R.string.error)
                             .setMessage(R.string.hidden_volume_already_exists)
                             .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
                             .show()
-                    }
+                    } else {
-                    else -> {
+                        unselect(selectedVolumePosition!!)
-                        unselect(position)
                         copyVolume(
                             DocumentFile.fromFile(File(volume.name)),
-                            DocumentFile.fromFile(filesDir),
+                            DocumentFile.fromFile(hiddenVolumeFile.parentFile!!),
                         ) {
-                            VolumeData(volume.shortName, true, volume.type, volume.encryptedHash, volume.iv)
+                            VolumeData(
+                                VolumeData.newUuid(),
+                                volume.shortName,
+                                true,
+                                volume.type,
+                                volume.encryptedHash,
+                                volume.iv
+                            )
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -345,7 +344,11 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
 
     override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu): Boolean {
         menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.main_activity, menu)
-        menu.findItem(R.id.settings).isVisible = !explorerRouter.pickMode && !explorerRouter.dropMode
+        val settingsVisible = !explorerRouter.pickMode && !explorerRouter.dropMode
+        menu.findItem(R.id.settings).isVisible = settingsVisible
+        if (settingsVisible) {
+            UIUtils.getMenuIconNeutralTint(this, menu).applyTo(R.id.settings, R.drawable.icon_settings)
+        }
         val isSelecting = volumeAdapter.selectedItems.isNotEmpty()
         menu.findItem(R.id.select_all).isVisible = isSelecting
         menu.findItem(R.id.lock).isVisible = isSelecting && volumeAdapter.selectedItems.any {
@@ -373,15 +376,14 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
                 )
             }
         }
-        menu.findItem(R.id.rename).isVisible = onlyOneAndWriteable
+        menu.findItem(R.id.rename).isVisible = onlyOneAndWriteable && !volumeManager.isOpen(volumeAdapter.volumes[volumeAdapter.selectedItems.first()])
         supportActionBar?.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(isSelecting || explorerRouter.pickMode || explorerRouter.dropMode)
         return true
     }
 
     private fun onDirectoryPicked(uri: Uri) {
-        val position = volumeAdapter.selectedItems.elementAt(0)
+        val volume = volumeAdapter.volumes[selectedVolumePosition!!]
-        val volume = volumeAdapter.volumes[position]
+        unselect(selectedVolumePosition!!)
-        unselect(position)
         val dstDocumentFile = DocumentFile.fromTreeUri(this, uri)
         if (dstDocumentFile == null) {
             CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
@@ -398,6 +400,7 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
                     val path = PathUtils.getFullPathFromTreeUri(dstRootDirectory.uri, this)
                     if (path == null) null
                     else VolumeData(
+                        VolumeData.newUuid(),
                         PathUtils.pathJoin(path, name),
                         false,
                         volume.type,
@@ -409,14 +412,18 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Copy a volume.
+     *
+     * @param srcDocumentFile [DocumentFile] of the volume to copy
+     * @param dstDocumentFile [DocumentFile] of the destination PARENT FOLDER
+     * @param getResultVolume A function that returns the [VolumeData] corresponding to the destination volume. Takes the [DocumentFile] of the newly created volume (not the parent folder).
+     */
     private fun copyVolume(srcDocumentFile: DocumentFile, dstDocumentFile: DocumentFile, getResultVolume: (DocumentFile) -> VolumeData?) {
         lifecycleScope.launch {
             val result = fileOperationService.copyVolume(srcDocumentFile, dstDocumentFile)
-            when {
+            when (result.taskResult.state) {
-                result.taskResult.cancelled -> {
+                TaskResult.State.SUCCESS -> {
-                    result.dstRootDirectory?.delete()
-                }
-                result.taskResult.failedItem == null -> {
                     result.dstRootDirectory?.let {
                         getResultVolume(it)?.let { volume ->
                             volumeDatabase.saveVolume(volume)
@@ -429,13 +436,15 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
                         }
                     }
                 }
-                else -> {
+                TaskResult.State.FAILED -> {
                     CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this@MainActivity, theme)
                         .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                        .setMessage(getString(R.string.copy_failed, result.taskResult.failedItem.name))
+                        .setMessage(getString(R.string.copy_failed, result.taskResult.failedItem!!.name))
                         .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
                         .show()
                 }
+                TaskResult.State.ERROR -> result.taskResult.showErrorAlertDialog(this@MainActivity, theme)
+                TaskResult.State.CANCELLED -> {}
             }
         }
     }
@@ -458,7 +467,9 @@ class MainActivity : BaseActivity(), VolumeAdapter.Listener {
                 DocumentFile.fromFile(srcPath).renameTo(newName)
             }
             if (success) {
-                volumeDatabase.renameVolume(volume.name, newDBName)
+                volumeDatabase.renameVolume(volume, newDBName)
+                VolumeProvider.notifyRootsChanged(this)
+                volumeAdapter.onVolumeDataChanged(position)
                 unselect(position)
                 if (volume.name == volumeOpener.defaultVolumeName) {
                     with (sharedPrefs.edit()) {

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/MemFile.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
+
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor
+import android.system.Os
+
+class MemFile private constructor(private val fd: Int) {
+    companion object {
+        private external fun createMemFile(name: String, size: Long): Int
+        init {
+            System.loadLibrary("memfile")
+        }
+
+        fun create(name: String, size: Long): MemFile? {
+            val fd = createMemFile(name, size)
+            return if (fd > 0) MemFile(fd) else null
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun dup(): ParcelFileDescriptor = ParcelFileDescriptor.fromFd(fd)
+    fun toParcelFileDescriptor(): ParcelFileDescriptor = ParcelFileDescriptor.adoptFd(fd)
+    fun close() = Os.close(ParcelFileDescriptor.adoptFd(fd).fileDescriptor)
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/NotificationBroadcastReceiver.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
+
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.Intent
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_operations.FileOperationService
+
+class NotificationBroadcastReceiver: BroadcastReceiver() {
+    override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
+        when (intent.action) {
+            FileOperationService.ACTION_CANCEL -> {
+                intent.getBundleExtra("bundle")?.let { bundle ->
+                    // TODO: use peekService instead?
+                    val binder = (bundle.getBinder("binder") as FileOperationService.LocalBinder?)
+                    binder?.getService()?.cancelOperation(bundle.getInt("taskId"))
+                }
+            }
+            VolumeManagerApp.ACTION_CLOSE_ALL_VOLUMES -> {
+                (context.applicationContext as VolumeManagerApp).volumeManager.closeAll()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/SettingsActivity.kt

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
 
+import android.app.ActivityOptions
 import android.content.Intent
 import android.content.SharedPreferences
 import android.os.Build
@@ -7,13 +8,23 @@ import android.os.Bundle
 import android.text.InputType
 import android.view.MenuItem
 import android.widget.Toast
-import androidx.preference.*
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import androidx.preference.ListPreference
+import androidx.preference.Preference
+import androidx.preference.PreferenceFragmentCompat
+import androidx.preference.PreferenceManager
+import androidx.preference.SwitchPreference
+import androidx.preference.SwitchPreferenceCompat
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers.VolumeProvider
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.databinding.ActivitySettingsBinding
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.AndroidUtils
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.Compat
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.EditTextDialog
 
 class SettingsActivity : BaseActivity() {
+    private val notificationPermissionHelper = AndroidUtils.NotificationPermissionHelper(this)
 
     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
@@ -82,9 +93,15 @@ class SettingsActivity : BaseActivity() {
 
         private fun refreshTheme() {
             with(requireActivity()) {
-                startActivity(Intent(this, SettingsActivity::class.java))
+                startActivity(
+                    Intent(this, SettingsActivity::class.java),
+                    ActivityOptions.makeCustomAnimation(
+                        this,
+                        android.R.anim.fade_in,
+                        android.R.anim.fade_out
+                    ).toBundle()
+                )
                 finish()
-                overridePendingTransition(android.R.anim.fade_in, android.R.anim.fade_out)
             }
         }
 
@@ -112,6 +129,10 @@ class SettingsActivity : BaseActivity() {
                     false
                 }
             }
+            findPreference<Preference>("logcat")?.setOnPreferenceClickListener { _ ->
+                startActivity(Intent(requireContext(), LogcatActivity::class.java))
+                true
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -150,6 +171,68 @@ class SettingsActivity : BaseActivity() {
                     true
                 }
             }
+            val switchBackground = findPreference<SwitchPreference>("usf_background")!!
+            val switchKeepOpen = findPreference<SwitchPreference>("usf_keep_open")!!
+            val switchExternalOpen = findPreference<SwitchPreference>("usf_open")!!
+            val switchExpose = findPreference<SwitchPreference>("usf_expose")!!
+            val switchSafWrite = findPreference<SwitchPreference>("usf_saf_write")!!
+
+            fun onUsfBackgroundChanged(usfBackground: Boolean) {
+                fun updateSwitchPreference(switch: SwitchPreference) = with (switch) {
+                    isChecked = isChecked && usfBackground
+                    isEnabled = usfBackground
+                    onPreferenceChangeListener?.onPreferenceChange(switch, isChecked)
+                }
+                updateSwitchPreference(switchKeepOpen)
+                updateSwitchPreference(switchExpose)
+            }
+            onUsfBackgroundChanged(switchBackground.isChecked)
+
+            fun updateSafWrite(usfOpen: Boolean? = null, usfExpose: Boolean? = null) {
+                switchSafWrite.isEnabled = usfOpen ?: switchExternalOpen.isChecked || usfExpose ?: switchExpose.isChecked
+            }
+            updateSafWrite()
+
+            switchBackground.setOnPreferenceChangeListener { _, checked ->
+                onUsfBackgroundChanged(checked as Boolean)
+                true
+            }
+            switchExternalOpen.setOnPreferenceChangeListener { _, checked ->
+                updateSafWrite(usfOpen = checked as Boolean)
+                true
+            }
+            switchExpose.setOnPreferenceChangeListener { _, checked ->
+                updateSafWrite(usfExpose = checked as Boolean)
+                VolumeProvider.notifyRootsChanged(requireContext())
+                true
+            }
+
+            switchKeepOpen.setOnPreferenceChangeListener { _, checked ->
+                if (checked as Boolean) {
+                    (requireActivity() as SettingsActivity).notificationPermissionHelper.askAndRun {
+                        requireContext().let {
+                            if (AndroidUtils.isServiceRunning(it, KeepAliveService::class.java)) {
+                                ContextCompat.startForegroundService(it, Intent(it, KeepAliveService::class.java).apply {
+                                    action = KeepAliveService.ACTION_FOREGROUND
+                                })
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                true
+            }
+            findPreference<ListPreference>("export_method")!!.setOnPreferenceChangeListener { _, newValue ->
+                if (newValue as String == "memory" && !Compat.isMemFileSupported()) {
+                    CustomAlertDialogBuilder(requireContext(), (requireActivity() as BaseActivity).theme)
+                        .setTitle(R.string.error)
+                        .setMessage(getString(R.string.memfd_create_unsupported, Compat.MEMFD_CREATE_MINIMUM_KERNEL_VERSION))
+                        .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
+                        .show()
+                    return@setOnPreferenceChangeListener false
+                }
+                EncryptedFileProvider.exportMethod = EncryptedFileProvider.ExportMethod.parse(newValue)
+                true
+            }
         }
     }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/ThumbnailsLoader.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable
+import android.widget.ImageView
+import androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleCoroutineScope
+import com.bumptech.glide.Glide
+import com.bumptech.glide.request.target.DrawableImageViewTarget
+import com.bumptech.glide.request.transition.Transition
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
+import kotlinx.coroutines.channels.Channel
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import kotlinx.coroutines.yield
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
+
+class ThumbnailsLoader(
+    private val context: Context,
+    private val encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume,
+    private val maxSize: Long,
+    private val lifecycleScope: LifecycleCoroutineScope
+) {
+    internal class ThumbnailData(val id: Int, val path: String, val imageView: ImageView, val onLoaded: (Drawable) -> Unit)
+    internal class ThumbnailTask(var senderJob: Job?, var workerJob: Job?, var target: DrawableImageViewTarget?)
+
+    private val concurrentTasks = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()/4
+    private val channel = Channel<ThumbnailData>(concurrentTasks)
+    private var taskId = 0
+    private val tasks = HashMap<Int, ThumbnailTask>()
+
+    private suspend fun loadThumbnail(data: ThumbnailData) {
+        withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            encryptedVolume.loadWholeFile(data.path, maxSize = maxSize).first?.let {
+                yield()
+                withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+                    tasks[data.id]?.let { task ->
+                        val channel = Channel<Unit>(1)
+                        task.target = Glide.with(context).load(it).skipMemoryCache(true).into(object : DrawableImageViewTarget(data.imageView) {
+                            override fun onResourceReady(
+                                resource: Drawable,
+                                transition: Transition<in Drawable>?
+                            ) {
+                                super.onResourceReady(resource, transition)
+                                data.onLoaded(resource)
+                                channel.trySend(Unit)
+                            }
+                        })
+                        channel.receive()
+                        tasks.remove(data.id)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun initialize() {
+        for (i in 0 until concurrentTasks) {
+            lifecycleScope.launch {
+                while (true) {
+                    val data = channel.receive()
+                    val workerJob = launch {
+                        loadThumbnail(data)
+                    }
+                    tasks[data.id]?.workerJob = workerJob
+                    workerJob.join()
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun loadAsync(path: String, target: ImageView, onLoaded: (Drawable) -> Unit): Int {
+        val id = taskId++
+        tasks[id] = ThumbnailTask(null, null, null)
+        val senderJob = lifecycleScope.launch {
+            channel.send(ThumbnailData(id, path, target, onLoaded))
+        }
+        tasks[id]!!.senderJob = senderJob
+        return id
+    }
+
+    fun cancel(id: Int) {
+        tasks[id]?.let { task ->
+            task.senderJob?.cancel()
+            task.workerJob?.cancel()
+            task.target?.let {
+                Glide.with(context).clear(it)
+            }
+        }
+        tasks.remove(id)
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/VolumeData.kt

@@ -2,12 +2,25 @@ package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
 
 import android.os.Parcel
 import android.os.Parcelable
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.CryfsVolume
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.GocryptfsVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
 import java.io.File
+import java.io.FileInputStream
+import java.util.UUID
 
-class VolumeData(val name: String, val isHidden: Boolean = false, val type: Byte, var encryptedHash: ByteArray? = null, var iv: ByteArray? = null): Parcelable {
+class VolumeData(
+    val uuid: String,
+    val name: String,
+    val isHidden: Boolean = false,
+    val type: Byte,
+    var encryptedHash: ByteArray? = null,
+    var iv: ByteArray? = null
+) : Parcelable {
 
     constructor(parcel: Parcel) : this(
+        parcel.readString()!!,
         parcel.readString()!!,
         parcel.readByte() != 0.toByte(),
         parcel.readByte(),
@@ -19,11 +32,28 @@ class VolumeData(val name: String, val isHidden: Boolean = false, val type: Byte
         File(name).name
     }
 
-    fun getFullPath(filesDir: String): String {
+    fun getFullPath(filesDir: String) = getFullPath(name, isHidden, filesDir)
-        return if (isHidden)
+
-            getHiddenVolumeFullPath(filesDir, name)
+    fun canRead(filesDir: String): Boolean {
-        else
+        val volumePath = getFullPath(filesDir)
-            name
+        if (!File(volumePath).canRead()) {
+            return false
+        }
+        val configFile = when (type) {
+            EncryptedVolume.GOCRYPTFS_VOLUME_TYPE -> PathUtils.pathJoin(volumePath, GocryptfsVolume.CONFIG_FILE_NAME)
+            EncryptedVolume.CRYFS_VOLUME_TYPE -> PathUtils.pathJoin(volumePath, CryfsVolume.CONFIG_FILE_NAME)
+            else -> return false
+        }
+        var success = true
+        try {
+            with (FileInputStream(configFile)) {
+                read()
+                close()
+            }
+        } catch (e: Exception) {
+            success = false
+        }
+        return success
     }
 
     fun canWrite(filesDir: String): Boolean {
@@ -36,6 +66,7 @@ class VolumeData(val name: String, val isHidden: Boolean = false, val type: Byte
 
     override fun writeToParcel(dest: Parcel, flags: Int) {
         with (dest) {
+            writeString(uuid)
             writeString(name)
             writeByte(if (isHidden) 1 else 0)
             writeByte(type)
@@ -48,7 +79,7 @@ class VolumeData(val name: String, val isHidden: Boolean = false, val type: Byte
         if (other !is VolumeData) {
             return false
         }
-        return other.name == name && other.isHidden == isHidden
+        return other.uuid == uuid || (other.name == name && other.isHidden == isHidden)
     }
 
     override fun hashCode(): Int {
@@ -64,8 +95,17 @@ class VolumeData(val name: String, val isHidden: Boolean = false, val type: Byte
             override fun newArray(size: Int) = arrayOfNulls<VolumeData>(size)
         }
 
+        fun newUuid(): String = UUID.randomUUID().toString()
+
         fun getHiddenVolumeFullPath(filesDir: String, name: String): String {
             return PathUtils.pathJoin(filesDir, VOLUMES_DIRECTORY, name)
         }
+
+        fun getFullPath(name: String, isHidden: Boolean, filesDir: String): String {
+            return if (isHidden)
+                getHiddenVolumeFullPath(filesDir, name)
+            else
+                name
+        }
     }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/VolumeDatabase.kt

@@ -10,46 +10,69 @@ import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
 import java.io.File
 
-class VolumeDatabase(private val context: Context): SQLiteOpenHelper(context, Constants.VOLUME_DATABASE_NAME, null, 5) {
+class VolumeDatabase(private val context: Context): SQLiteOpenHelper(context, Constants.VOLUME_DATABASE_NAME, null, 6) {
     companion object {
-        const val TAG = "VolumeDatabase"
+        private const val TAG = "VolumeDatabase"
-        const val TABLE_NAME = "Volumes"
+        private const val TABLE_NAME = "Volumes"
-        const val COLUMN_NAME = "name"
+        private const val COLUMN_UUID = "uuid"
-        const val COLUMN_HIDDEN = "hidden"
+        private const val COLUMN_NAME = "name"
-        const val COLUMN_TYPE = "type"
+        private const val COLUMN_HIDDEN = "hidden"
-        const val COLUMN_HASH = "hash"
+        private const val COLUMN_TYPE = "type"
-        const val COLUMN_IV = "iv"
+        private const val COLUMN_HASH = "hash"
-
+        private const val COLUMN_IV = "iv"
-        private fun contentValuesFromVolume(volume: VolumeData): ContentValues {
-            val contentValues = ContentValues()
-            contentValues.put(COLUMN_NAME, volume.name)
-            contentValues.put(COLUMN_HIDDEN, volume.isHidden)
-            contentValues.put(COLUMN_TYPE, byteArrayOf(volume.type))
-            contentValues.put(COLUMN_HASH, volume.encryptedHash)
-            contentValues.put(COLUMN_IV, volume.iv)
-            return contentValues
-        }
     }
-    override fun onCreate(db: SQLiteDatabase) {
+
+    private fun createTable(db: SQLiteDatabase) =
         db.execSQL(
-            "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $TABLE_NAME (" +
+        "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $TABLE_NAME (" +
-                    "$COLUMN_NAME TEXT PRIMARY KEY," +
+                "$COLUMN_UUID TEXT PRIMARY KEY," +
-                    "$COLUMN_HIDDEN SHORT," +
+                "$COLUMN_NAME TEXT," +
-                    "$COLUMN_TYPE BLOB," +
+                "$COLUMN_HIDDEN SHORT," +
-                    "$COLUMN_HASH BLOB," +
+                "$COLUMN_TYPE BLOB," +
-                    "$COLUMN_IV BLOB" +
+                "$COLUMN_HASH BLOB," +
-                ");"
+                "$COLUMN_IV BLOB" +
+            ");"
         )
+
+    override fun onCreate(db: SQLiteDatabase) {
+        createTable(db)
         File(context.filesDir, VolumeData.VOLUMES_DIRECTORY).mkdir()
     }
 
+    override fun onOpen(db: SQLiteDatabase) {
+        //check if database has been corrupted by v2.1.1
+        val cursor = db.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM $TABLE_NAME WHERE $COLUMN_TYPE IS NULL;", null)
+        if (cursor.count > 0) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Found ${cursor.count} corrupted volumes")
+            while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
+                // fix columns left shift
+                val uuid = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(COLUMN_UUID)+5)
+                val name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(COLUMN_NAME)-1)
+                val isHidden = cursor.getShort(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(COLUMN_HIDDEN)-1) == 1.toShort()
+                val type = cursor.getBlob(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(COLUMN_TYPE)-1)[0]
+                val hash = cursor.getBlob(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(COLUMN_HASH)-1)
+                val iv = cursor.getBlob(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(COLUMN_IV)-1)
+                if (db.delete(TABLE_NAME, "$COLUMN_IV=?", arrayOf(uuid)) < 1) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Failed to remove volume $name")
+                }
+                if (db.insert(TABLE_NAME, null, ContentValues().apply {
+                        put(COLUMN_UUID, uuid)
+                        put(COLUMN_NAME, name)
+                        put(COLUMN_HIDDEN, isHidden)
+                        put(COLUMN_TYPE, byteArrayOf(type))
+                        put(COLUMN_HASH, hash)
+                        put(COLUMN_IV, iv)
+                    }) < 0) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Failed to insert volume $name")
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        cursor.close()
+    }
+
     private fun getNewVolumePath(volumeName: String): File {
         return File(
-            VolumeData(
+            VolumeData.getFullPath(volumeName, true, context.filesDir.path)
-                volumeName,
-                true,
-                EncryptedVolume.GOCRYPTFS_VOLUME_TYPE
-            ).getFullPath(context.filesDir.path)
         ).canonicalFile
     }
 
@@ -101,10 +124,37 @@ class VolumeDatabase(private val context: Context): SQLiteOpenHelper(context, Co
                 }
             }
         }
+        if (oldVersion < 6) {
+            val cursor = db.rawQuery("SELECT $COLUMN_NAME FROM $TABLE_NAME;", null)
+            val volumeNames = arrayOfNulls<String>(cursor.count)
+            var i = 0
+            while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
+                volumeNames[i++] = cursor.getString(0)
+            }
+            cursor.close()
+            if (volumeNames.isEmpty()) {
+                db.execSQL("DROP TABLE $TABLE_NAME;")
+                createTable(db)
+            } else {
+                db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE $TABLE_NAME RENAME TO OLD;")
+                createTable(db)
+                val uuidsValues = volumeNames.indices.joinToString(", ") { "('${VolumeData.newUuid()}', ?)" }
+                // add uuids to old data
+                db.execSQL(
+                    "INSERT INTO $TABLE_NAME " +
+                            "WITH uuids($COLUMN_UUID, $COLUMN_NAME) AS (VALUES $uuidsValues) " +
+                            "SELECT $COLUMN_UUID, OLD.$COLUMN_NAME, $COLUMN_HIDDEN, $COLUMN_TYPE, $COLUMN_HASH, $COLUMN_IV " +
+                            "FROM OLD JOIN uuids ON OLD.name = uuids.name;",
+                    volumeNames
+                )
+                db.execSQL("DROP TABLE OLD;")
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     private fun extractVolumeData(cursor: Cursor): VolumeData {
         return VolumeData(
+            cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(COLUMN_UUID)),
             cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(COLUMN_NAME)),
             cursor.getShort(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(COLUMN_HIDDEN)) == 1.toShort(),
             cursor.getBlob(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(COLUMN_TYPE))[0],
@@ -142,7 +192,14 @@ class VolumeDatabase(private val context: Context): SQLiteOpenHelper(context, Co
 
     fun saveVolume(volume: VolumeData): Boolean {
         if (!isVolumeSaved(volume.name, volume.isHidden)) {
-            return (writableDatabase.insert(TABLE_NAME, null, contentValuesFromVolume(volume)) >= 0.toLong())
+            return (writableDatabase.insert(TABLE_NAME, null, ContentValues().apply {
+                put(COLUMN_UUID, volume.uuid)
+                put(COLUMN_NAME, volume.name)
+                put(COLUMN_HIDDEN, volume.isHidden)
+                put(COLUMN_TYPE, byteArrayOf(volume.type))
+                put(COLUMN_HASH, volume.encryptedHash)
+                put(COLUMN_IV, volume.iv)
+            }) >= 0.toLong())
         }
         return false
     }
@@ -157,8 +214,8 @@ class VolumeDatabase(private val context: Context): SQLiteOpenHelper(context, Co
         return list
     }
 
-    fun isHashSaved(volumeName: String): Boolean {
+    fun isHashSaved(volume: VolumeData): Boolean {
-        val cursor = readableDatabase.query(TABLE_NAME, arrayOf(COLUMN_NAME, COLUMN_HASH), "$COLUMN_NAME=?", arrayOf(volumeName), null, null, null)
+        val cursor = readableDatabase.rawQuery("SELECT $COLUMN_HASH FROM $TABLE_NAME WHERE $COLUMN_UUID=?", arrayOf(volume.uuid))
         var isHashSaved = false
         if (cursor.moveToNext()) {
             if (cursor.getBlob(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(COLUMN_HASH)) != null) {
@@ -170,32 +227,33 @@ class VolumeDatabase(private val context: Context): SQLiteOpenHelper(context, Co
     }
 
     fun addHash(volume: VolumeData): Boolean {
-        return writableDatabase.update(TABLE_NAME, contentValuesFromVolume(volume), "$COLUMN_NAME=?", arrayOf(volume.name)) > 0
+        return writableDatabase.update(TABLE_NAME, ContentValues().apply {
+            put(COLUMN_HASH, volume.encryptedHash)
+            put(COLUMN_IV, volume.iv)
+        }, "$COLUMN_UUID=?", arrayOf(volume.uuid)) > 0
     }
 
     fun removeHash(volume: VolumeData): Boolean {
         return writableDatabase.update(
-            TABLE_NAME, contentValuesFromVolume(
+            TABLE_NAME,
-            VolumeData(
-                volume.name,
-                volume.isHidden,
-                volume.type,
-                null,
-                null
-            )
-        ), "$COLUMN_NAME=?", arrayOf(volume.name)) > 0
-    }
-
-    fun renameVolume(oldName: String, newName: String): Boolean {
-        return writableDatabase.update(TABLE_NAME,
             ContentValues().apply {
-                put(COLUMN_NAME, newName)
+                put(COLUMN_HASH, null as ByteArray?)
-            },
+                put(COLUMN_IV, null as ByteArray?)
-            "$COLUMN_NAME=?",arrayOf(oldName)
+            }, "$COLUMN_UUID=?", arrayOf(volume.uuid)
         ) > 0
     }
 
-    fun removeVolume(volumeName: String): Boolean {
+    fun renameVolume(volume: VolumeData, newName: String): Boolean {
-        return writableDatabase.delete(TABLE_NAME, "$COLUMN_NAME=?", arrayOf(volumeName)) > 0
+        return writableDatabase.update(
+            TABLE_NAME,
+            ContentValues().apply {
+                put(COLUMN_NAME, newName)
+            },
+            "$COLUMN_UUID=?", arrayOf(volume.uuid)
+        ) > 0
+    }
+
+    fun removeVolume(volume: VolumeData): Boolean {
+        return writableDatabase.delete(TABLE_NAME, "$COLUMN_UUID=?", arrayOf(volume.uuid)) > 0
     }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/VolumeManager.kt

@@ -1,15 +1,30 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
 
+import android.content.Context
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.SupervisorJob
+import kotlinx.coroutines.cancel
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers.VolumeProvider
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.Observable
+
+class VolumeManager(private val context: Context): Observable<VolumeManager.Observer>() {
+    interface Observer {
+        fun onVolumeStateChanged(volume: VolumeData) {}
+        fun onAllVolumesClosed() {}
+    }
 
-class VolumeManager {
     private var id = 0
     private val volumes = HashMap<Int, EncryptedVolume>()
     private val volumesData = HashMap<VolumeData, Int>()
+    private val scopes = HashMap<Int, CoroutineScope>()
 
     fun insert(volume: EncryptedVolume, data: VolumeData): Int {
         volumes[id] = volume
         volumesData[data] = id
+        observers.forEach { it.onVolumeStateChanged(data) }
+        VolumeProvider.notifyRootsChanged(context)
         return id++
     }
 
@@ -25,18 +40,36 @@ class VolumeManager {
         return volumes[id]
     }
 
+    fun listVolumes(): List<Pair<Int, VolumeData>> {
+        return volumesData.map { (data, id) -> Pair(id, data) }
+    }
+
+    fun getVolumeCount() = volumes.size
+
+    fun getCoroutineScope(volumeId: Int): CoroutineScope {
+        return scopes[volumeId] ?: CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + Dispatchers.IO).also { scopes[volumeId] = it }
+    }
+
     fun closeVolume(id: Int) {
         volumes.remove(id)?.let { volume ->
-            volume.close()
+            scopes[id]?.cancel()
-            volumesData.filter { it.value == id }.forEach {
+            volume.closeVolume()
-                volumesData.remove(it.key)
+            volumesData.filter { it.value == id }.forEach { entry ->
+                volumesData.remove(entry.key)
+                observers.forEach { it.onVolumeStateChanged(entry.key) }
             }
+            VolumeProvider.notifyRootsChanged(context)
         }
     }
 
     fun closeAll() {
-        volumes.forEach { it.value.close() }
+        volumes.forEach {
+            scopes[it.key]?.cancel()
+            it.value.closeVolume()
+        }
         volumes.clear()
         volumesData.clear()
+        observers.forEach { it.onAllVolumesClosed() }
+        VolumeProvider.notifyRootsChanged(context)
     }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/VolumeManagerApp.kt

@@ -1,39 +1,88 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
 
 import android.app.Application
-import android.content.SharedPreferences
+import android.content.Intent
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
 import androidx.lifecycle.DefaultLifecycleObserver
 import androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleOwner
 import androidx.lifecycle.ProcessLifecycleOwner
-import androidx.preference.PreferenceManager
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers.TemporaryFileProvider
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers.RestrictedFileProvider
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.AndroidUtils
 
 class VolumeManagerApp : Application(), DefaultLifecycleObserver {
     companion object {
-        private const val USF_KEEP_OPEN_KEY = "usf_keep_open"
+        const val ACTION_CLOSE_ALL_VOLUMES = "close_all"
     }
 
-    lateinit var sharedPreferences: SharedPreferences
+    private val closingServiceIntent by lazy {
-    private val sharedPreferencesListener = SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener { _, key ->
+        Intent(this, ClosingService::class.java)
-        if (key == USF_KEEP_OPEN_KEY) {
-            reloadUsfKeepOpen()
-        }
     }
-    private var usfKeepOpen = false
+    private val keepAliveServiceStartIntent by lazy {
+        Intent(this, KeepAliveService::class.java).apply {
+            action = KeepAliveService.ACTION_START
+        }.putExtra(
+            "notification", KeepAliveService.NotificationDetails(
+                "KeepAlive",
+                getString(R.string.keep_alive_notification_title),
+                getString(R.string.keep_alive_notification_text),
+                KeepAliveService.NotificationDetails.NotificationAction(
+                    R.drawable.icon_lock,
+                    getString(R.string.close_all),
+                    ACTION_CLOSE_ALL_VOLUMES,
+                )
+            )
+        )
+    }
+    private val usfBackgroundDelegate = AndroidUtils.LiveBooleanPreference("usf_background", false) { _ ->
+        updateServicesStates()
+    }
+    private val usfBackground by usfBackgroundDelegate
+    private val usfKeepOpenDelegate = AndroidUtils.LiveBooleanPreference("usf_keep_open", false) { _ ->
+        updateServicesStates()
+    }
+    private val usfKeepOpen by usfKeepOpenDelegate
+    var isExporting = false
     var isStartingExternalApp = false
-    val volumeManager = VolumeManager()
+    val volumeManager = VolumeManager(this).also {
+        it.observe(object : VolumeManager.Observer {
+            override fun onVolumeStateChanged(volume: VolumeData) {
+                updateServicesStates()
+            }
+
+            override fun onAllVolumesClosed() {
+                stopKeepAliveService()
+                // closingService should not be running when this callback is triggered
+            }
+        })
+    }
 
     override fun onCreate() {
         super<Application>.onCreate()
         ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(this)
-        sharedPreferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this).apply {
+        AndroidUtils.LiveBooleanPreference.init(this, usfBackgroundDelegate, usfKeepOpenDelegate)
-            registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(sharedPreferencesListener)
-        }
-        reloadUsfKeepOpen()
     }
 
-    private fun reloadUsfKeepOpen() {
+    fun updateServicesStates() {
-        usfKeepOpen = sharedPreferences.getBoolean(USF_KEEP_OPEN_KEY, false)
+        if (usfBackground && volumeManager.getVolumeCount() > 0) {
+            if (usfKeepOpen) {
+                stopService(closingServiceIntent)
+                if (!AndroidUtils.isServiceRunning(this@VolumeManagerApp, KeepAliveService::class.java)) {
+                    ContextCompat.startForegroundService(this, keepAliveServiceStartIntent)
+                }
+            } else {
+                stopKeepAliveService()
+                if (!AndroidUtils.isServiceRunning(this@VolumeManagerApp, ClosingService::class.java)) {
+                    startService(closingServiceIntent)
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            stopService(closingServiceIntent)
+            stopKeepAliveService()
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun stopKeepAliveService() {
+        stopService(Intent(this, KeepAliveService::class.java))
     }
 
     override fun onResume(owner: LifecycleOwner) {
@@ -42,10 +91,12 @@ class VolumeManagerApp : Application(), DefaultLifecycleObserver {
 
     override fun onStop(owner: LifecycleOwner) {
         if (!isStartingExternalApp) {
-            if (!usfKeepOpen) {
+            if (!usfBackground) {
                 volumeManager.closeAll()
             }
-            RestrictedFileProvider.wipeAll(applicationContext)
+            if (!usfBackground || !isExporting) {
+                TemporaryFileProvider.instance.wipe()
+            }
         }
     }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/VolumeOpener.kt

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Constants.DEFAULT_VOLUME_KEY
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.databinding.DialogOpenVolumeBinding
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.ObjRef
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.WidgetUtil
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.UIUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
 import java.util.*
 
@@ -39,6 +39,14 @@ class VolumeOpener(
         }
     }
 
+    private fun getErrorMsg(result: EncryptedVolume.InitResult): String {
+        return if (result.errorStringId == 0) {
+            activity.getString(R.string.unknown_error_code, result.errorCode)
+        } else {
+            activity.getString(result.errorStringId)
+        }
+    }
+
     @SuppressLint("NewApi") // fingerprintProtector is non-null only when SDK_INT >= 23
     fun openVolume(volume: VolumeData, isVolumeSaved: Boolean, callbacks: VolumeOpenerCallbacks) {
         val volumeId = volumeManager.getVolumeId(volume)
@@ -60,17 +68,18 @@ class VolumeOpener(
                                 callbacks.onHashStorageReset()
                             }
                             override fun onPasswordHashDecrypted(hash: ByteArray) {
-                                object : LoadingTask<EncryptedVolume?>(activity, theme, R.string.loading_msg_open) {
+                                object : LoadingTask<EncryptedVolume.InitResult>(activity, theme, R.string.loading_msg_open) {
-                                    override suspend fun doTask(): EncryptedVolume? {
+                                    override suspend fun doTask(): EncryptedVolume.InitResult {
-                                        val encryptedVolume = EncryptedVolume.init(volume, activity.filesDir.path, null, hash, null)
+                                        val result = EncryptedVolume.init(volume, activity.filesDir.path, null, hash, null)
                                         Arrays.fill(hash, 0)
-                                        return encryptedVolume
+                                        return result
                                     }
-                                }.startTask(activity.lifecycleScope) { encryptedVolume ->
+                                }.startTask(activity.lifecycleScope) { result ->
+                                    val encryptedVolume = result.volume
                                     if (encryptedVolume == null) {
                                         CustomAlertDialogBuilder(activity, theme)
                                             .setTitle(R.string.open_volume_failed)
-                                            .setMessage(R.string.open_failed_hash_msg)
+                                            .setMessage(getErrorMsg(result))
                                             .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
                                             .show()
                                     } else {
@@ -114,7 +123,7 @@ class VolumeOpener(
                 apply()
             }
         }
-        val password = WidgetUtil.encodeEditTextContent(dialogBinding!!.editPassword)
+        val password = UIUtils.encodeEditTextContent(dialogBinding!!.editPassword)
         val savePasswordHash = dialogBinding!!.checkboxSavePassword.isChecked
         dialogBinding = null
         // openVolumeWithPassword is responsible for wiping the password
@@ -168,19 +177,22 @@ class VolumeOpener(
         } else {
             null
         }
-        object : LoadingTask<EncryptedVolume?>(activity, theme, R.string.loading_msg_open) {
+        object : LoadingTask<EncryptedVolume.InitResult>(activity, theme, R.string.loading_msg_open) {
-            override suspend fun doTask(): EncryptedVolume? {
+            override suspend fun doTask(): EncryptedVolume.InitResult {
-                val encryptedVolume = EncryptedVolume.init(volume, activity.filesDir.path, password, null, returnedHash)
+                val result = EncryptedVolume.init(volume, activity.filesDir.path, password, null, returnedHash)
                 Arrays.fill(password, 0)
-                return encryptedVolume
+                return result
             }
-        }.startTask(activity.lifecycleScope) { encryptedVolume ->
+        }.startTask(activity.lifecycleScope) { result ->
+            val encryptedVolume = result.volume
             if (encryptedVolume == null) {
                 CustomAlertDialogBuilder(activity, theme)
                     .setTitle(R.string.open_volume_failed)
-                    .setMessage(R.string.open_volume_failed_msg)
+                    .setMessage(getErrorMsg(result))
                     .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok) { _, _ ->
-                        askForPassword(volume, isVolumeSaved, callbacks, savePasswordHash)
+                        if (result.worthRetry) {
+                            askForPassword(volume, isVolumeSaved, callbacks, savePasswordHash)
+                        }
                     }
                     .show()
             } else {
@@ -199,7 +211,7 @@ class VolumeOpener(
                         private var isClosed = false
                         override fun onFailed(pending: Boolean) {
                             if (!isClosed) {
-                                encryptedVolume.close()
+                                encryptedVolume.closeVolume()
                                 isClosed = true
                             }
                             Arrays.fill(returnedHash.value!!, 0)

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/WiperService.kt

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-package sushi.hardcore.droidfs
-
-import android.app.Service
-import android.content.Intent
-import android.os.IBinder
-
-class WiperService : Service() {
-    override fun onBind(intent: Intent): IBinder? {
-        return null
-    }
-
-    override fun onTaskRemoved(rootIntent: Intent) {
-        super.onTaskRemoved(rootIntent)
-        (application as VolumeManagerApp).volumeManager.closeAll()
-        stopSelf()
-    }
-}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/adapters/ExplorerElementAdapter.kt

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.adapters
 
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint
 import android.graphics.Bitmap
-import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable
 import android.util.LruCache
 import android.view.View
 import android.view.ViewGroup
@@ -11,13 +10,12 @@ import android.widget.LinearLayout
 import android.widget.TextView
 import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
 import androidx.core.graphics.drawable.toBitmap
+import androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScope
 import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
-import com.bumptech.glide.Glide
-import com.bumptech.glide.request.target.DrawableImageViewTarget
-import com.bumptech.glide.request.transition.Transition
 import kotlinx.coroutines.*
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.FileTypes
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.ThumbnailsLoader
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.explorers.ExplorerElement
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.Stat
@@ -29,7 +27,7 @@ class ExplorerElementAdapter(
     val activity: AppCompatActivity,
     val encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume?,
     private val listener: Listener,
-    val thumbnailMaxSize: Long,
+    thumbnailMaxSize: Long,
 ) : SelectableAdapter<ExplorerElement>(listener::onSelectionChanged) {
     val dateFormat: DateFormat = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.DEFAULT, DateFormat.DEFAULT, Locale.getDefault())
     var explorerElements = listOf<ExplorerElement>()
@@ -40,12 +38,18 @@ class ExplorerElementAdapter(
         notifyDataSetChanged()
     }
     var isUsingListLayout = true
+    private var thumbnailsLoader: ThumbnailsLoader? = null
     private var thumbnailsCache: LruCache<String, Bitmap>? = null
     var loadThumbnails = true
 
     init {
         if (encryptedVolume != null) {
-            thumbnailsCache = LruCache((Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 1024 / 8).toInt())
+            thumbnailsLoader = ThumbnailsLoader(activity, encryptedVolume, thumbnailMaxSize, activity.lifecycleScope).apply {
+                initialize()
+            }
+            thumbnailsCache = object : LruCache<String, Bitmap>((Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 4).toInt()) {
+                override fun sizeOf(key: String, value: Bitmap) = value.byteCount
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -115,40 +119,11 @@ class ExplorerElementAdapter(
     }
 
     class FileViewHolder(itemView: View) : RegularElementViewHolder(itemView) {
-        private var target: DrawableImageViewTarget? = null
+        private var task = -1
-        private var job: Job? = null
-        private val scope = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO)
-
-        private fun loadThumbnail(fullPath: String, adapter: ExplorerElementAdapter) {
-            adapter.encryptedVolume?.let { volume ->
-                job = scope.launch {
-                    volume.loadWholeFile(fullPath, maxSize = adapter.thumbnailMaxSize).first?.let {
-                        if (isActive) {
-                            withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
-                                if (isActive && !adapter.activity.isFinishing && !adapter.activity.isDestroyed) {
-                                    target = Glide.with(adapter.activity).load(it).skipMemoryCache(true).into(object : DrawableImageViewTarget(icon) {
-                                        override fun onResourceReady(
-                                            resource: Drawable,
-                                            transition: Transition<in Drawable>?
-                                        ) {
-                                            target = null
-                                            val bitmap = resource.toBitmap()
-                                            adapter.thumbnailsCache!!.put(fullPath, bitmap.copy(bitmap.config, true))
-                                            super.onResourceReady(resource, transition)
-                                        }
-                                    })
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
 
         fun cancelThumbnailLoading(adapter: ExplorerElementAdapter) {
-            job?.cancel()
+            if (task != -1) {
-            target?.let {
+                adapter.thumbnailsLoader?.cancel(task)
-                Glide.with(adapter.activity).clear(it)
             }
         }
 
@@ -161,7 +136,10 @@ class ExplorerElementAdapter(
                         icon.setImageBitmap(thumbnail)
                         setDefaultIcon = false
                     } else if (adapter.loadThumbnails) {
-                        loadThumbnail(fullPath, adapter)
+                        task = adapter.thumbnailsLoader!!.loadAsync(fullPath, icon) { resource ->
+                            val bitmap = resource.toBitmap()
+                            adapter.thumbnailsCache!!.put(fullPath, bitmap.copy(bitmap.config, true))
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/adapters/SelectableAdapter.kt

@@ -40,6 +40,12 @@ abstract class SelectableAdapter<T>(private val onSelectionChanged: (Int) -> Uni
         return true
     }
 
+    fun unselect(position: Int) {
+        selectedItems.remove(position)
+        onSelectionChanged(selectedItems.size)
+        notifyItemChanged(position)
+    }
+
     fun selectAll() {
         for (i in getItems().indices) {
             if (!selectedItems.contains(i) && isSelectable(i)) {

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/adapters/VolumeAdapter.kt

@@ -29,6 +29,16 @@ class VolumeAdapter(
 
     init {
         reloadVolumes()
+        volumeManager.observe(object : VolumeManager.Observer {
+            override fun onVolumeStateChanged(volume: VolumeData) {
+                notifyItemChanged(volumes.indexOf(volume))
+            }
+
+            @SuppressLint("NotifyDataSetChanged")
+            override fun onAllVolumesClosed() {
+                notifyDataSetChanged()
+            }
+        })
     }
 
     interface Listener {
@@ -66,7 +76,7 @@ class VolumeAdapter(
             false
     }
 
-    fun onVolumeChanged(position: Int) {
+    fun onVolumeDataChanged(position: Int) {
         reloadVolumes()
         notifyItemChanged(position)
     }
@@ -92,8 +102,10 @@ class VolumeAdapter(
             itemView.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.text_info).text = context.getString(
                 if (volume.canWrite(context.filesDir.path)) {
                     R.string.volume_type
-                } else {
+                } else if (volume.canRead(context.filesDir.path)) {
                     R.string.volume_type_read_only
+                } else {
+                    R.string.volume_type_inaccessible
                 },
                 context.getString(if (volume.type == EncryptedVolume.GOCRYPTFS_VOLUME_TYPE) {
                     R.string.gocryptfs

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/add_volume/Action.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,16 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.add_volume
 
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
+
 enum class Action {
+    OPEN,
     ADD,
     CREATE,
+    ;
+
+    fun getStringResId() = when (this) {
+        OPEN -> R.string.open
+        ADD -> R.string.add_volume
+        CREATE -> R.string.create_volume
+    }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/add_volume/AddVolumeActivity.kt

@@ -67,17 +67,17 @@ class AddVolumeActivity: BaseActivity() {
         finish()
     }
 
-    fun onVolumeSelected(volume: VolumeData, rememberVolume: Boolean) {
+    fun onVolumeAdded() {
-        if (rememberVolume) {
+        setResult(RESULT_USER_BACK)
-            setResult(RESULT_USER_BACK)
+        finish()
-            finish()
+    }
-        } else {
+
-            volumeOpener.openVolume(volume, false, object : VolumeOpener.VolumeOpenerCallbacks {
+    fun openVolume(volume: VolumeData, isVolumeKnown: Boolean) {
-                override fun onVolumeOpened(id: Int) {
+        volumeOpener.openVolume(volume, isVolumeKnown, object : VolumeOpener.VolumeOpenerCallbacks {
-                    startExplorer(id, volume.shortName)
+            override fun onVolumeOpened(id: Int) {
-                }
+                startExplorer(id, volume.shortName)
-            })
+            }
-        }
+        })
     }
 
     fun createVolume(volumePath: String, isHidden: Boolean, rememberVolume: Boolean) {

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/add_volume/CreateVolumeFragment.kt

@@ -7,25 +7,37 @@ import android.text.InputType
 import android.view.LayoutInflater
 import android.view.View
 import android.view.ViewGroup
-import android.widget.AdapterView
 import android.widget.ArrayAdapter
+import android.widget.RadioButton
 import android.widget.Toast
 import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
+import androidx.core.view.children
 import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment
 import androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScope
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.*
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.BuildConfig
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Constants
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.FingerprintProtector
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.LoadingTask
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Theme
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeData
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeDatabase
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeManagerApp
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.databinding.FileSystemRadioBinding
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.databinding.FragmentCreateVolumeBinding
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.CryfsVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.GocryptfsVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.Compat
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.ObjRef
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.WidgetUtil
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.UIUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
 import java.io.File
-import java.util.*
+import java.util.Arrays
 
 class CreateVolumeFragment: Fragment() {
+    internal data class FileSystemInfo(val nameResource: Int, val detailsResource: Int, val ciphersResource: Int)
+
     companion object {
         private const val KEY_THEME_VALUE = "theme"
         private const val KEY_VOLUME_PATH = "path"
@@ -33,6 +45,17 @@ class CreateVolumeFragment: Fragment() {
         private const val KEY_REMEMBER_VOLUME = "remember"
         private const val KEY_PIN_PASSWORDS = Constants.PIN_PASSWORDS_KEY
         private const val KEY_USF_FINGERPRINT = "fingerprint"
+        
+        private val GOCRYPTFS_INFO = FileSystemInfo(
+            R.string.gocryptfs,
+            R.string.gocryptfs_details,
+            R.array.gocryptfs_encryption_ciphers,
+        )
+        private val CRYFS_INFO = FileSystemInfo(
+            R.string.cryfs,
+            R.string.cryfs_details,
+            R.array.cryfs_encryption_ciphers,
+        )
 
         fun newInstance(
             theme: Theme,
@@ -57,7 +80,7 @@ class CreateVolumeFragment: Fragment() {
 
     private lateinit var binding: FragmentCreateVolumeBinding
     private lateinit var theme: Theme
-    private val volumeTypes = ArrayList<String>(2)
+    private val fileSystemInfos = ArrayList<FileSystemInfo>(2)
     private lateinit var volumePath: String
     private var isHiddenVolume: Boolean = false
     private var rememberVolume: Boolean = false
@@ -92,17 +115,10 @@ class CreateVolumeFragment: Fragment() {
             binding.checkboxSavePassword.visibility = View.GONE
         }
         if (!BuildConfig.GOCRYPTFS_DISABLED) {
-            volumeTypes.add(resources.getString(R.string.gocryptfs))
+            fileSystemInfos.add(GOCRYPTFS_INFO)
         }
         if (!BuildConfig.CRYFS_DISABLED) {
-            volumeTypes.add(resources.getString(R.string.cryfs))
+            fileSystemInfos.add(CRYFS_INFO)
-        }
-        binding.spinnerVolumeType.adapter = ArrayAdapter(
-            requireContext(),
-            android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item,
-            volumeTypes
-        ).apply {
-            setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item)
         }
         val encryptionCipherAdapter = ArrayAdapter(
             requireContext(),
@@ -111,19 +127,29 @@ class CreateVolumeFragment: Fragment() {
         ).apply {
             setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item)
         }
-        binding.spinnerVolumeType.onItemSelectedListener = object : AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener {
+        for ((i, fs) in fileSystemInfos.iterator().withIndex()) {
-            override fun onItemSelected(parent: AdapterView<*>?, view: View?, position: Int, id: Long) {
+            with(FileSystemRadioBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)) {
-                val ciphersArray = if (volumeTypes[position] == resources.getString(R.string.gocryptfs)) {
+                title.text = getString(fs.nameResource)
-                    R.array.gocryptfs_encryption_ciphers
+                details.text = getString(fs.detailsResource)
-                } else {
+                radio.isChecked = i == 0
-                    R.array.cryfs_encryption_ciphers
+                root.setOnClickListener {
+                    radio.performClick()
                 }
-                with(encryptionCipherAdapter) {
+                radio.setOnCheckedChangeListener { _, isChecked ->
-                    clear()
+                    if (isChecked) {
-                    addAll(resources.getStringArray(ciphersArray).asList())
+                        with(encryptionCipherAdapter) {
+                            clear()
+                            addAll(resources.getStringArray(fs.ciphersResource).asList())
+                        }
+                        binding.radioGroupFilesystems.children.forEach {
+                            if (it != root) {
+                                it.findViewById<RadioButton>(R.id.radio).isChecked = false
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
+                binding.radioGroupFilesystems.addView(root)
             }
-            override fun onNothingSelected(parent: AdapterView<*>?) {}
         }
         binding.spinnerCipher.adapter = encryptionCipherAdapter
         if (pinPasswords) {
@@ -145,9 +171,18 @@ class CreateVolumeFragment: Fragment() {
         (activity as AddVolumeActivity).onFragmentLoaded(false)
     }
 
+    private fun getSelectedFileSystemIndex(): Int {
+        for ((i, child) in binding.radioGroupFilesystems.children.iterator().withIndex()) {
+            if (child.findViewById<RadioButton>(R.id.radio).isChecked) {
+                return i
+            }
+        }
+        return -1
+    }
+
     private fun createVolume() {
-        val password = WidgetUtil.encodeEditTextContent(binding.editPassword)
+        val password = UIUtils.encodeEditTextContent(binding.editPassword)
-        val passwordConfirm = WidgetUtil.encodeEditTextContent(binding.editPasswordConfirm)
+        val passwordConfirm = UIUtils.encodeEditTextContent(binding.editPasswordConfirm)
         if (!password.contentEquals(passwordConfirm)) {
             Toast.makeText(requireContext(), R.string.passwords_mismatch, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
             Arrays.fill(password, 0)
@@ -173,11 +208,11 @@ class CreateVolumeFragment: Fragment() {
                     val volumeFile = File(volumePath)
                     if (!volumeFile.exists())
                         volumeFile.mkdirs()
-                    val result = if (volumeTypes[binding.spinnerVolumeType.selectedItemPosition] == resources.getString(R.string.gocryptfs)) {
+                    val result = if (fileSystemInfos[getSelectedFileSystemIndex()] == GOCRYPTFS_INFO) {
                         val xchacha = when (binding.spinnerCipher.selectedItemPosition) {
-                            0 -> 0
+                            0 -> -1   // auto
-                            1 -> 1
+                            1 -> 0    // AES-GCM
-                            else -> -1
+                            else -> 1 // XChaCha20-Poly1305
                         }
                         generateResult(GocryptfsVolume.createAndOpenVolume(
                             volumePath,
@@ -190,14 +225,14 @@ class CreateVolumeFragment: Fragment() {
                             encryptedVolume,
                         ), EncryptedVolume.GOCRYPTFS_VOLUME_TYPE)
                     } else {
-                        generateResult(CryfsVolume.create(
+                        encryptedVolume.value = CryfsVolume.create(
                             volumePath,
                             CryfsVolume.getLocalStateDir(activity.filesDir.path),
                             password,
                             returnedHash,
                             resources.getStringArray(R.array.cryfs_encryption_ciphers)[binding.spinnerCipher.selectedItemPosition],
-                            encryptedVolume,
+                        )
-                        ), EncryptedVolume.CRYFS_VOLUME_TYPE)
+                        generateResult(encryptedVolume.value != null, EncryptedVolume.CRYFS_VOLUME_TYPE)
                     }
                     Arrays.fill(password, 0)
                     return result
@@ -211,11 +246,11 @@ class CreateVolumeFragment: Fragment() {
                         .show()
                 } else {
                     val volumeName = if (isHiddenVolume) File(volumePath).name else volumePath
-                    val volume = VolumeData(volumeName, isHiddenVolume, result)
+                    val volume = VolumeData(VolumeData.newUuid(), volumeName, isHiddenVolume, result)
                     var isVolumeSaved = false
                     volumeDatabase.apply {
                         if (isVolumeSaved(volumeName, isHiddenVolume)) // cleaning old saved path
-                            removeVolume(volumeName)
+                            removeVolume(volume)
                         if (rememberVolume) {
                             isVolumeSaved = saveVolume(volume)
                         }
@@ -256,7 +291,7 @@ class CreateVolumeFragment: Fragment() {
 
     private fun onVolumeCreated(id: Int?, volumeShortName: String) {
         (activity as AddVolumeActivity).apply {
-            if (rememberVolume || id == null) {
+            if (id == null) {
                 finish()
             } else {
                 startExplorer(id, volumeShortName)

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/add_volume/SelectPathFragment.kt

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.add_volume
 
 import android.Manifest
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint
+import android.content.Context
 import android.content.Intent
 import android.content.SharedPreferences
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager
@@ -15,10 +16,14 @@ import android.text.TextWatcher
 import android.view.LayoutInflater
 import android.view.View
 import android.view.ViewGroup
+import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager
 import android.widget.Toast
 import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts
 import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import androidx.core.view.isVisible
 import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment
+import androidx.fragment.app.viewModels
+import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel
 import androidx.preference.PreferenceManager
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Constants
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
@@ -35,6 +40,10 @@ import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
 import java.io.File
 
 class SelectPathFragment: Fragment() {
+    internal class InputViewModel: ViewModel() {
+        var showEditText = false
+    }
+
     companion object {
         private const val KEY_THEME_VALUE = "theme"
         private const val KEY_PICK_MODE = "pick"
@@ -74,6 +83,7 @@ class SelectPathFragment: Fragment() {
     private var originalRememberVolume = true
     private var currentVolumeData: VolumeData? = null
     private var volumeAction: Action? = null
+    private val inputViewModel: InputViewModel by viewModels()
 
     override fun onCreateView(
         inflater: LayoutInflater,
@@ -93,17 +103,13 @@ class SelectPathFragment: Fragment() {
             theme = Compat.getParcelable(arguments, KEY_THEME_VALUE)!!
             pickMode = arguments.getBoolean(KEY_PICK_MODE)
         }
-        if (pickMode) {
-            binding.buttonAction.text = getString(R.string.add_volume)
-        }
         volumeDatabase = VolumeDatabase(requireContext())
         filesDir = requireContext().filesDir.path
         binding.containerHiddenVolume.setOnClickListener {
             binding.switchHiddenVolume.performClick()
         }
         binding.switchHiddenVolume.setOnClickListener {
-            showRightSection()
+            updateUi()
-            refreshStatus(binding.editVolumeName.text)
         }
         binding.buttonPickDirectory.setOnClickListener {
             if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
@@ -137,22 +143,41 @@ class SelectPathFragment: Fragment() {
                 launchPickDirectory()
             }
         }
+        binding.buttonEnterPath.setOnClickListener {
+            inputViewModel.showEditText = true
+            updateUi()
+            binding.editVolumeName.requestFocus()
+            (app.getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE) as InputMethodManager).showSoftInput(
+                binding.editVolumeName,
+                InputMethodManager.SHOW_IMPLICIT
+            )
+        }
         binding.editVolumeName.addTextChangedListener(object: TextWatcher {
             override fun afterTextChanged(s: Editable?) {}
             override fun beforeTextChanged(s: CharSequence?, start: Int, count: Int, after: Int) {}
             override fun onTextChanged(s: CharSequence, start: Int, before: Int, count: Int) {
-                refreshStatus(s)
+                updateUi(s)
             }
         })
-        binding.switchRemember.setOnCheckedChangeListener { _, _ -> refreshButtonText() }
+        binding.switchRemember.setOnCheckedChangeListener { _, _ -> updateUi() }
-        binding.editVolumeName.setOnEditorActionListener { _, _, _ -> onPathSelected(); true }
+        binding.editVolumeName.setOnEditorActionListener { _, _, _ ->
+            if (binding.editVolumeName.text.isEmpty()) {
+                Toast.makeText(
+                    requireContext(),
+                    if (binding.switchHiddenVolume.isChecked) R.string.empty_volume_name else R.string.empty_volume_path,
+                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
+                ).show()
+            } else {
+                onPathSelected()
+            }
+            true
+        }
         binding.buttonAction.setOnClickListener { onPathSelected() }
     }
 
     override fun onViewStateRestored(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
         super.onViewStateRestored(savedInstanceState)
         (activity as AddVolumeActivity).onFragmentLoaded(true)
-        showRightSection()
     }
 
     private fun launchPickDirectory() {
@@ -160,70 +185,82 @@ class SelectPathFragment: Fragment() {
         PathUtils.safePickDirectory(pickDirectory, requireContext(), theme)
     }
 
-    private fun showRightSection() {
+    private fun updateUi(volumeName: CharSequence = binding.editVolumeName.text) {
-        if (binding.switchHiddenVolume.isChecked) {
+        var warning = -1
-            binding.textLabel.text = requireContext().getString(R.string.volume_name_label)
+        fun updateWarning() {
-            binding.editVolumeName.hint = requireContext().getString(R.string.volume_name_hint)
+            if (warning == -1) {
-            binding.buttonPickDirectory.visibility = View.GONE
+                binding.textWarning.isVisible = false
-        } else {
-            binding.textLabel.text = requireContext().getString(R.string.volume_path_label)
-            binding.editVolumeName.hint = requireContext().getString(R.string.volume_path_hint)
-            binding.buttonPickDirectory.visibility = View.VISIBLE
-        }
-    }
-
-    private fun refreshButtonText() {
-        binding.buttonAction.text = getString(
-            if (pickMode || volumeAction == Action.ADD) {
-                if (binding.switchRemember.isChecked || currentVolumeData != null) {
-                    R.string.add_volume
-                } else {
-                    R.string.open_volume
-                }
             } else {
-                R.string.create_volume
+                binding.textWarning.isVisible = true
+                binding.textWarning.text = getString(warning)
             }
-        )
+        }
-    }
 
-    private fun refreshStatus(content: CharSequence) {
+        val hidden = binding.switchHiddenVolume.isChecked
+        binding.editVolumeName.isVisible = hidden || inputViewModel.showEditText
+        binding.buttonPickDirectory.isVisible = !hidden
+        binding.textOr.isVisible = !hidden && !inputViewModel.showEditText
+        binding.buttonEnterPath.isVisible = !hidden && !inputViewModel.showEditText
+        if (hidden) {
+            binding.textLabel.text = getString(R.string.volume_name_label)
+            binding.editVolumeName.hint = getString(R.string.volume_name_hint)
+        } else {
+            binding.textLabel.text = getString(R.string.volume_path_label)
+            binding.editVolumeName.hint = getString(R.string.volume_path_hint)
+        }
+        if (hidden && volumeName.contains(PathUtils.SEPARATOR)) {
+            warning = R.string.error_slash_in_name
+        }
+        // exit early if possible to avoid filesystem queries
+        if (volumeName.isEmpty() || warning != -1 || (!hidden && !inputViewModel.showEditText)) {
+            binding.buttonAction.isVisible = false
+            binding.switchRemember.isVisible = false
+            updateWarning()
+            return
+        }
         val path = File(getCurrentVolumePath())
         volumeAction = if (path.isDirectory) {
-            if (path.list()?.isEmpty() == true || content.isEmpty()) Action.CREATE else Action.ADD
+            if (path.list()?.isEmpty() == true) {
+                Action.CREATE
+            } else if (pickMode || !binding.switchRemember.isChecked) {
+                Action.OPEN
+            } else {
+                Action.ADD
+            }
         } else {
             Action.CREATE
         }
-        currentVolumeData = if (volumeAction == Action.CREATE) {
+        val valid = !(volumeAction == Action.CREATE && pickMode)
-            null
+        binding.switchRemember.isVisible = valid
-        } else {
+        binding.buttonAction.isVisible = valid
-            volumeDatabase.getVolume(content.toString(), binding.switchHiddenVolume.isChecked)
+        if (valid) {
-        }
+            binding.buttonAction.text = getString(volumeAction!!.getStringResId())
-        binding.textWarning.visibility = if (volumeAction == Action.CREATE && pickMode) {
+            currentVolumeData = if (volumeAction == Action.CREATE) {
-            binding.textWarning.text = getString(R.string.choose_existing_volume)
+                null
-            binding.buttonAction.isEnabled = false
-            View.VISIBLE
-        } else {
-            refreshButtonText()
-            binding.buttonAction.isEnabled = true
-            if (currentVolumeData == null) {
-                View.GONE
             } else {
-                binding.textWarning.text = getString(R.string.volume_alread_saved)
+                volumeDatabase.getVolume(volumeName.toString(), hidden)
-                View.VISIBLE
             }
+            if (currentVolumeData != null) {
+                warning = R.string.volume_alread_saved
+            }
+        } else {
+            warning = R.string.choose_existing_volume
         }
+        updateWarning()
     }
 
     private fun onDirectoryPicked(uri: Uri) {
         val path = PathUtils.getFullPathFromTreeUri(uri, requireContext())
-        if (path != null)
+        if (path == null) {
-            binding.editVolumeName.setText(path)
-        else
             CustomAlertDialogBuilder(requireContext(), theme)
                 .setTitle(R.string.error)
                 .setMessage(R.string.path_error)
                 .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
                 .show()
+        } else {
+            inputViewModel.showEditText = true
+            binding.editVolumeName.setText(path)
+        }
     }
 
     private fun getCurrentVolumePath(): String {
@@ -243,13 +280,7 @@ class SelectPathFragment: Fragment() {
         if (currentVolumeData == null) { // volume not known
             val currentVolumeValue = binding.editVolumeName.text.toString()
             val isHidden = binding.switchHiddenVolume.isChecked
-            if (currentVolumeValue.isEmpty()) {
+            if (isHidden && currentVolumeValue.contains(PathUtils.SEPARATOR)) {
-                Toast.makeText(
-                    requireContext(),
-                    if (isHidden) R.string.enter_volume_name else R.string.enter_volume_path,
-                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
-                ).show()
-            } else if (isHidden && currentVolumeValue.contains(PathUtils.SEPARATOR)) {
                 Toast.makeText(requireContext(), R.string.error_slash_in_name, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
             } else if (isHidden && volumeAction == Action.CREATE) {
                 CustomAlertDialogBuilder(requireContext(), theme)
@@ -263,71 +294,83 @@ class SelectPathFragment: Fragment() {
                 onNewVolumeSelected(currentVolumeValue, isHidden)
             }
         } else {
-            (activity as AddVolumeActivity).onVolumeSelected(currentVolumeData!!, true)
+            with (activity as AddVolumeActivity) {
+                if (volumeAction!! == Action.OPEN) {
+                    openVolume(currentVolumeData!!, true)
+                } else {
+                    onVolumeAdded()
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 
     private fun onNewVolumeSelected(currentVolumeValue: String, isHidden: Boolean) {
         val volumePath = getCurrentVolumePath()
-        when (volumeAction!!) {
+        if (volumeAction!! == Action.CREATE) {
-            Action.CREATE -> {
+            val volumeFile = File(volumePath)
-                val volumeFile = File(volumePath)
+            var goodDirectory = false
-                var goodDirectory = false
+            if (volumeFile.isFile) {
-                if (volumeFile.isFile) {
+                Toast.makeText(requireContext(), R.string.error_is_file, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
-                    Toast.makeText(requireContext(), R.string.error_is_file, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
+            } else if (volumeFile.isDirectory) {
-                } else if (volumeFile.isDirectory) {
+                val dirContent = volumeFile.list()
-                    val dirContent = volumeFile.list()
+                if (dirContent != null) {
-                    if (dirContent != null) {
+                    if (dirContent.isEmpty()) {
-                        if (dirContent.isEmpty()) {
+                        if (volumeFile.canWrite()) {
-                            if (volumeFile.canWrite()) {
+                            goodDirectory = true
-                                goodDirectory = true
-                            } else {
-                                errorDirectoryNotWritable(volumePath)
-                            }
                         } else {
-                            Toast.makeText(requireContext(), R.string.dir_not_empty, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
+                            errorDirectoryNotWritable(volumePath)
                         }
                     } else {
-                        Toast.makeText(requireContext(), R.string.listdir_null_error_msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
+                        Toast.makeText(requireContext(), R.string.dir_not_empty, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
+                            .show()
                     }
                 } else {
-                    if (File(PathUtils.getParentPath(volumePath)).canWrite()) {
+                    Toast.makeText(
-                        goodDirectory = true
+                        requireContext(),
-                    } else {
+                        R.string.listdir_null_error_msg,
-                        errorDirectoryNotWritable(volumePath)
+                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
-                    }
+                    ).show()
                 }
-                if (goodDirectory) {
+            } else {
-                    (activity as AddVolumeActivity).createVolume(volumePath, isHidden, binding.switchRemember.isChecked)
+                if (File(PathUtils.getParentPath(volumePath)).canWrite()) {
+                    goodDirectory = true
+                } else {
+                    errorDirectoryNotWritable(volumePath)
                 }
             }
-            Action.ADD -> {
+            if (goodDirectory) {
-                val volumeType = EncryptedVolume.getVolumeType(volumePath)
+                (activity as AddVolumeActivity).createVolume(
-                if (volumeType < 0) {
+                    volumePath,
-                    CustomAlertDialogBuilder(requireContext(), theme)
+                    isHidden,
-                        .setTitle(R.string.error)
+                    binding.switchRemember.isChecked
-                        .setMessage(R.string.error_not_a_volume)
+                )
-                        .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
+            }
-                        .show()
+        } else {
-                } else if (!File(volumePath).canWrite()) {
+            val volumeType = EncryptedVolume.getVolumeType(volumePath)
-                    val dialog = CustomAlertDialogBuilder(requireContext(), theme)
+            if (volumeType < 0) {
-                        .setTitle(R.string.warning)
+                CustomAlertDialogBuilder(requireContext(), theme)
-                        .setCancelable(false)
+                    .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                        .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok) { _, _ -> addVolume(if (isHidden) currentVolumeValue else volumePath, isHidden, volumeType) }
+                    .setMessage(R.string.error_not_a_volume)
-                    if (PathUtils.isPathOnExternalStorage(volumePath, requireContext())) {
+                    .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
-                        dialog.setView(
+                    .show()
-                            DialogSdcardErrorBinding.inflate(layoutInflater).apply {
+            } else if (!File(volumePath).canWrite()) {
-                                path.text = PathUtils.getPackageDataFolder(requireContext())
+                val dialog = CustomAlertDialogBuilder(requireContext(), theme)
-                                footer.text = getString(R.string.sdcard_error_add_footer)
+                    .setTitle(R.string.warning)
-                            }.root
+                    .setCancelable(false)
-                        )
+                    .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok) { _, _ -> onExistingVolumeSelected(if (isHidden) currentVolumeValue else volumePath, isHidden, volumeType) }
-                    } else {
+                if (PathUtils.isPathOnExternalStorage(volumePath, requireContext())) {
-                        dialog.setMessage(R.string.add_cant_write_warning)
+                    dialog.setView(
-                    }
+                        DialogSdcardErrorBinding.inflate(layoutInflater).apply {
-                    dialog.show()
+                            path.text = PathUtils.getPackageDataFolder(requireContext())
+                            footer.text = getString(R.string.sdcard_error_add_footer)
+                        }.root
+                    )
                 } else {
-                    addVolume(if (isHidden) currentVolumeValue else volumePath, isHidden, volumeType)
+                    dialog.setMessage(R.string.add_cant_write_warning)
                 }
+                dialog.show()
+            } else {
+                onExistingVolumeSelected(if (isHidden) currentVolumeValue else volumePath, isHidden, volumeType)
             }
         }
     }
@@ -349,11 +392,17 @@ class SelectPathFragment: Fragment() {
         dialog.show()
     }
 
-    private fun addVolume(volumeName: String, isHidden: Boolean, volumeType: Byte) {
+    private fun onExistingVolumeSelected(volumeName: String, isHidden: Boolean, volumeType: Byte) {
-        val volumeData = VolumeData(volumeName, isHidden, volumeType)
+        val volumeData = VolumeData(VolumeData.newUuid(), volumeName, isHidden, volumeType)
         if (binding.switchRemember.isChecked) {
             volumeDatabase.saveVolume(volumeData)
         }
-        (activity as AddVolumeActivity).onVolumeSelected(volumeData, binding.switchRemember.isChecked)
+        with (activity as AddVolumeActivity) {
+            if (volumeAction!! == Action.OPEN) {
+                openVolume(volumeData, binding.switchRemember.isChecked)
+            } else {
+                onVolumeAdded()
+            }
+        }
     }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/content_providers/ExternalProvider.kt

@@ -1,124 +0,0 @@
-package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers
-
-import android.content.Context
-import android.content.Intent
-import android.net.Uri
-import android.webkit.MimeTypeMap
-import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
-import androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScope
-import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
-import kotlinx.coroutines.GlobalScope
-import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.LoadingTask
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Theme
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
-import java.io.File
-
-object ExternalProvider {
-    private const val content_type_all = "*/*"
-    private var storedFiles = HashSet<Uri>()
-    private fun getContentType(filename: String, previous_content_type: String?): String {
-        if (content_type_all != previous_content_type) {
-            var contentType = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getMimeTypeFromExtension(File(filename).extension)
-            if (contentType == null) {
-                contentType = content_type_all
-            }
-            if (previous_content_type == null) {
-                return contentType
-            } else if (previous_content_type != contentType) {
-                return content_type_all
-            }
-        }
-        return previous_content_type
-    }
-
-    private fun exportFile(context: Context, encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume, file_path: String, previous_content_type: String?): Pair<Uri?, String?> {
-        val fileName = File(file_path).name
-        val tmpFileUri = RestrictedFileProvider.newFile(fileName)
-        if (tmpFileUri != null){
-            storedFiles.add(tmpFileUri)
-            if (encryptedVolume.exportFile(context, file_path, tmpFileUri)) {
-                return Pair(tmpFileUri, getContentType(fileName, previous_content_type))
-            }
-        }
-        return Pair(null, null)
-    }
-
-    fun share(activity: AppCompatActivity, theme: Theme, encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume, file_paths: List<String>) {
-        var contentType: String? = null
-        val uris = ArrayList<Uri>(file_paths.size)
-        object : LoadingTask<String?>(activity, theme, R.string.loading_msg_export) {
-            override suspend fun doTask(): String? {
-                for (path in file_paths) {
-                    val result = exportFile(activity, encryptedVolume, path, contentType)
-                    contentType = if (result.first != null) {
-                        uris.add(result.first!!)
-                        result.second
-                    } else {
-                        return path
-                    }
-                }
-                return null
-            }
-        }.startTask(activity.lifecycleScope) { failedItem ->
-            if (failedItem == null) {
-                val shareIntent = Intent()
-                shareIntent.type = contentType
-                if (uris.size == 1) {
-                    shareIntent.action = Intent.ACTION_SEND
-                    shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uris[0])
-                } else {
-                    shareIntent.action = Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE
-                    shareIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uris)
-                }
-                activity.startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, activity.getString(R.string.share_chooser)))
-            } else {
-                CustomAlertDialogBuilder(activity, theme)
-                    .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                    .setMessage(activity.getString(R.string.export_failed, failedItem))
-                    .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
-                    .show()
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    fun open(activity: AppCompatActivity, theme: Theme, encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume, file_path: String) {
-        object : LoadingTask<Intent?>(activity, theme, R.string.loading_msg_export) {
-            override suspend fun doTask(): Intent? {
-                val result = exportFile(activity, encryptedVolume, file_path, null)
-                return if (result.first != null) {
-                    Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW).apply {
-                        addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION)
-                        setDataAndType(result.first, result.second)
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    null
-                }
-            }
-        }.startTask(activity.lifecycleScope) { openIntent ->
-            if (openIntent == null) {
-                CustomAlertDialogBuilder(activity, theme)
-                    .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                    .setMessage(activity.getString(R.string.export_failed, file_path))
-                    .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
-                    .show()
-            } else {
-                activity.startActivity(openIntent)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    fun removeFilesAsync(context: Context) = GlobalScope.launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
-        val success = HashSet<Uri>(storedFiles.size)
-        for (uri in storedFiles) {
-            if (context.contentResolver.delete(uri, null, null) == 1) {
-                success.add(uri)
-            }
-        }
-        for (uri in success) {
-            storedFiles.remove(uri)
-        }
-    }
-}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/content_providers/RestrictedFileProvider.kt

@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers
-
-import android.content.ContentProvider
-import android.content.ContentValues
-import android.content.Context
-import android.database.Cursor
-import android.database.MatrixCursor
-import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase
-import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper
-import android.net.Uri
-import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor
-import android.provider.MediaStore
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.BuildConfig
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.SQLUtil.appendSelectionArgs
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.SQLUtil.concatenateWhere
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.Wiper
-import java.io.File
-import java.util.UUID
-import java.util.regex.Pattern
-
-class RestrictedFileProvider: ContentProvider() {
-    companion object {
-        private const val DB_NAME = "temporary_files.db"
-        private const val TABLE_FILES = "files"
-        private const val DB_VERSION = 3
-        private var dbHelper: RestrictedDatabaseHelper? = null
-        private const val AUTHORITY = BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID + ".temporary_provider"
-        private val CONTENT_URI: Uri = Uri.parse("content://$AUTHORITY")
-        const val TEMPORARY_FILES_DIR_NAME = "temp"
-        private val UUID_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("[a-fA-F0-9-]+")
-
-        private lateinit var tempFilesDir: File
-
-        internal class TemporaryFileColumns {
-            companion object {
-                const val COLUMN_UUID = "uuid"
-                const val COLUMN_NAME = "name"
-            }
-        }
-
-        internal class RestrictedDatabaseHelper(context: Context?): SQLiteOpenHelper(context, DB_NAME, null, DB_VERSION) {
-            override fun onCreate(db: SQLiteDatabase) {
-                db.execSQL(
-                    "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS " + TABLE_FILES + " (" +
-                            TemporaryFileColumns.COLUMN_UUID + " TEXT PRIMARY KEY, " +
-                            TemporaryFileColumns.COLUMN_NAME + " TEXT" +
-                            ");"
-                )
-            }
-
-            override fun onUpgrade(db: SQLiteDatabase, oldVersion: Int, newVersion: Int) {
-                if (oldVersion == 1) {
-                    db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS files")
-                    db.execSQL(
-                        "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS " + TABLE_FILES + " (" +
-                                TemporaryFileColumns.COLUMN_UUID + " TEXT PRIMARY KEY, " +
-                                TemporaryFileColumns.COLUMN_NAME + " TEXT" +
-                                ");"
-                    )
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        fun newFile(fileName: String): Uri? {
-            val uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString()
-            val file = File(tempFilesDir, uuid)
-            return if (file.createNewFile()){
-                val contentValues = ContentValues()
-                contentValues.put(TemporaryFileColumns.COLUMN_UUID, uuid)
-                contentValues.put(TemporaryFileColumns.COLUMN_NAME, fileName)
-                if (dbHelper?.writableDatabase?.insert(TABLE_FILES, null, contentValues)?.toInt() != -1){
-                    Uri.withAppendedPath(CONTENT_URI, uuid)
-                } else {
-                    null
-                }
-            } else {
-                null
-            }
-        }
-
-        fun wipeAll(context: Context) {
-            tempFilesDir.listFiles()?.let{
-                for (file in it) {
-                    Wiper.wipe(file)
-                }
-            }
-            dbHelper?.close()
-            context.deleteDatabase(DB_NAME)
-        }
-
-        private fun isValidUUID(uuid: String): Boolean {
-            return UUID_PATTERN.matcher(uuid).matches()
-        }
-
-        private fun getUuidFromUri(uri: Uri): String? {
-            val uuid = uri.lastPathSegment
-            if (uuid != null) {
-                if (isValidUUID(uuid)) {
-                    return uuid
-                }
-            }
-            return null
-        }
-
-        private fun getFileFromUUID(uuid: String): File? {
-            if (isValidUUID(uuid)){
-                return File(tempFilesDir, uuid)
-            }
-            return null
-        }
-
-        private fun getFileFromUri(uri: Uri): File? {
-            getUuidFromUri(uri)?.let {
-                return getFileFromUUID(it)
-            }
-            return null
-        }
-    }
-
-    override fun onCreate(): Boolean {
-        context?.let {
-            dbHelper = RestrictedDatabaseHelper(it)
-            tempFilesDir = File(it.cacheDir, TEMPORARY_FILES_DIR_NAME)
-            return tempFilesDir.mkdirs()
-        }
-        return false
-    }
-
-    override fun insert(uri: Uri, values: ContentValues?): Uri? {
-        throw RuntimeException("Operation not supported")
-    }
-
-    override fun update(uri: Uri, values: ContentValues?, selection: String?, selectionArgs: Array<String>?): Int {
-        throw RuntimeException("Operation not supported")
-    }
-
-    override fun query(uri: Uri, projection: Array<String>?, selection: String?, selectionArgs: Array<String>?, sortOrder: String?): Cursor? {
-        var resultCursor: MatrixCursor? = null
-        val temporaryFile = getFileFromUri(uri)
-        temporaryFile?.let{
-            val fileName = dbHelper?.readableDatabase?.query(TABLE_FILES, arrayOf(TemporaryFileColumns.COLUMN_NAME), TemporaryFileColumns.COLUMN_UUID + "=?", arrayOf(uri.lastPathSegment), null, null, null)
-            fileName?.let{
-                if (fileName.moveToNext()) {
-                    resultCursor = MatrixCursor(
-                        arrayOf(
-                            MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME,
-                            MediaStore.MediaColumns.SIZE
-                        )
-                    )
-                    resultCursor!!.newRow()
-                        .add(fileName.getString(0))
-                        .add(temporaryFile.length())
-                }
-                fileName.close()
-            }
-        }
-        return resultCursor
-    }
-
-    override fun delete(uri: Uri, givenSelection: String?, givenSelectionArgs: Array<String>?): Int {
-        val uuid = getUuidFromUri(uri)
-        uuid?.let{
-            val selection = concatenateWhere(givenSelection ?: "" , TemporaryFileColumns.COLUMN_UUID + "=?")
-            val selectionArgs = appendSelectionArgs(givenSelectionArgs, arrayOf(it))
-
-            val files = dbHelper?.readableDatabase?.query(TABLE_FILES, arrayOf(TemporaryFileColumns.COLUMN_UUID), selection, selectionArgs, null, null, null)
-            if (files != null) {
-                while (files.moveToNext()) {
-                    getFileFromUUID(files.getString(0))?.let { file ->
-                        Wiper.wipe(file)
-                    }
-                }
-                files.close()
-                return dbHelper?.writableDatabase?.delete(TABLE_FILES, selection, selectionArgs) ?: 0
-            }
-        }
-        return 0
-    }
-
-    override fun getType(uri: Uri): String {
-        return "application/octet-stream"
-    }
-
-    override fun openFile(uri: Uri, mode: String): ParcelFileDescriptor? {
-        if (("w" in mode && callingPackage == BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID) || "w" !in mode) {
-            getFileFromUri(uri)?.let{
-                return ParcelFileDescriptor.open(it, ParcelFileDescriptor.parseMode(mode))
-            }
-        } else {
-            throw SecurityException("Read-only access")
-        }
-        return null
-    }
-}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/content_providers/TemporaryFileProvider.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers
+
+import android.content.ContentProvider
+import android.content.ContentValues
+import android.content.Intent
+import android.database.Cursor
+import android.database.MatrixCursor
+import android.net.Uri
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor
+import android.provider.OpenableColumns
+import android.util.Log
+import android.webkit.MimeTypeMap
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.GlobalScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.BuildConfig
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.EncryptedFileProvider
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeManager
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeManagerApp
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.AndroidUtils
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.Wiper
+import java.io.File
+import java.util.UUID
+
+class TemporaryFileProvider : ContentProvider() {
+    private inner class ProvidedFile(
+        val file: EncryptedFileProvider.ExportedFile,
+        val size: Long,
+        val volumeId: Int
+    )
+
+    companion object {
+        private const val TAG = "TemporaryFileProvider"
+        private const val AUTHORITY = BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID + ".temporary_provider"
+        private val BASE_URI: Uri = Uri.parse("content://$AUTHORITY")
+
+        lateinit var instance: TemporaryFileProvider
+            private set
+    }
+
+    private val usfSafWriteDelegate = AndroidUtils.LiveBooleanPreference("usf_saf_write", false)
+    private val usfSafWrite by usfSafWriteDelegate
+    private lateinit var volumeManager: VolumeManager
+    lateinit var encryptedFileProvider: EncryptedFileProvider
+    private val files = HashMap<Uri, ProvidedFile>()
+
+    override fun onCreate(): Boolean {
+        return context?.let {
+            volumeManager = (it.applicationContext as VolumeManagerApp).volumeManager
+            usfSafWriteDelegate.init(it)
+            encryptedFileProvider = EncryptedFileProvider(it)
+            instance = this
+            val tmpFilesDir = EncryptedFileProvider.getTmpFilesDir(it)
+            val success = tmpFilesDir.mkdirs()
+            // wipe any additional files not previously deleted
+            GlobalScope.launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
+                tmpFilesDir.listFiles()?.onEach { f -> Wiper.wipe(f) }
+            }
+            success
+        } ?: false
+    }
+
+    fun exportFile(
+        exportedFile: EncryptedFileProvider.ExportedFile,
+        size: Long,
+        volumeId: Int
+    ): Uri? {
+        if (!encryptedFileProvider.exportFile(exportedFile, volumeManager.getVolume(volumeId)!!)) {
+            return null
+        }
+        return Uri.withAppendedPath(BASE_URI, UUID.randomUUID().toString()).also {
+            files[it] = ProvidedFile(exportedFile, size, volumeId)
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun query(
+        uri: Uri,
+        projection: Array<String>?,
+        selection: String?,
+        selectionArgs: Array<String>?,
+        sortOrder: String?
+    ): Cursor? {
+        val file = files[uri] ?: return null
+        return MatrixCursor(arrayOf(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, OpenableColumns.SIZE), 1).apply {
+            addRow(arrayOf(File(file.file.path).name, file.size))
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun insert(uri: Uri, values: ContentValues?): Uri? {
+        throw UnsupportedOperationException("Operation not supported")
+    }
+
+    override fun update(
+        uri: Uri,
+        values: ContentValues?,
+        selection: String?,
+        selectionArgs: Array<String>?
+    ): Int {
+        throw UnsupportedOperationException("Operation not supported")
+    }
+
+    override fun delete(uri: Uri, selection: String?, selectionArgs: Array<out String>?): Int {
+        return if (files.remove(uri)?.file?.also { it.free() } == null) 0 else 1
+    }
+
+    override fun getType(uri: Uri): String = files[uri]?.file?.path?.let {
+        MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getMimeTypeFromExtension(File(it).extension)
+    } ?: "application/octet-stream"
+
+    override fun openFile(uri: Uri, mode: String): ParcelFileDescriptor? {
+        files[uri]?.let { file ->
+            val encryptedVolume = volumeManager.getVolume(file.volumeId) ?: run {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Volume closed for $uri")
+                return null
+            }
+            val result = encryptedFileProvider.openFile(
+                file.file,
+                mode,
+                encryptedVolume,
+                volumeManager.getCoroutineScope(file.volumeId),
+                false,
+                usfSafWrite,
+            )
+            when (result.second) {
+                EncryptedFileProvider.Error.SUCCESS -> return result.first!!
+                EncryptedFileProvider.Error.WRITE_ACCESS_DENIED -> Log.e(
+                    TAG,
+                    "Unauthorized write access requested from $callingPackage to $uri"
+                )
+
+                else -> result.second.log()
+            }
+        }
+        return null
+    }
+
+    // this must not be cancelled
+    fun wipe() = GlobalScope.launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
+        context!!.revokeUriPermission(BASE_URI, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION or Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION)
+        synchronized(this@TemporaryFileProvider) {
+            for (i in files.values) {
+                i.file.free()
+            }
+            files.clear()
+        }
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/content_providers/VolumeProvider.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.database.Cursor
+import android.database.MatrixCursor
+import android.os.CancellationSignal
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor
+import android.provider.DocumentsContract
+import android.provider.DocumentsProvider
+import android.util.Log
+import android.webkit.MimeTypeMap
+import androidx.preference.PreferenceManager
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.BuildConfig
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.EncryptedFileProvider
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeData
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeManager
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeManagerApp
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.Stat
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.AndroidUtils
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
+import java.io.File
+
+class VolumeProvider: DocumentsProvider() {
+    companion object {
+        private const val TAG = "DocumentsProvider"
+        private const val AUTHORITY = BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID + ".volume_provider"
+        private val DEFAULT_ROOT_PROJECTION = arrayOf(
+            DocumentsContract.Root.COLUMN_ROOT_ID,
+            DocumentsContract.Root.COLUMN_FLAGS,
+            DocumentsContract.Root.COLUMN_ICON,
+            DocumentsContract.Root.COLUMN_TITLE,
+            DocumentsContract.Root.COLUMN_DOCUMENT_ID,
+        )
+        private val DEFAULT_DOCUMENT_PROJECTION = arrayOf(
+            DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_DOCUMENT_ID,
+            DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_DISPLAY_NAME,
+            DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_MIME_TYPE,
+            DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_FLAGS,
+            DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_SIZE,
+            DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_LAST_MODIFIED,
+        )
+
+        fun notifyRootsChanged(context: Context) {
+            context.contentResolver.notifyChange(DocumentsContract.buildRootsUri(AUTHORITY), null)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private val usfExposeDelegate = AndroidUtils.LiveBooleanPreference("usf_expose", false)
+    private val usfExpose by usfExposeDelegate
+    private val usfSafWriteDelegate = AndroidUtils.LiveBooleanPreference("usf_saf_write", false)
+    private val usfSafWrite by usfSafWriteDelegate
+    private lateinit var volumeManager: VolumeManager
+    private val volumes = HashMap<String, Pair<Int, VolumeData>>()
+    private lateinit var encryptedFileProvider: EncryptedFileProvider
+
+    override fun onCreate(): Boolean {
+        val context = (context ?: return false)
+        AndroidUtils.LiveBooleanPreference.init(context, usfExposeDelegate, usfSafWriteDelegate)
+        volumeManager = (context.applicationContext as VolumeManagerApp).volumeManager
+        encryptedFileProvider = EncryptedFileProvider(context)
+        return true
+    }
+
+    override fun queryRoots(projection: Array<out String>?): Cursor {
+        val cursor = MatrixCursor(projection ?: DEFAULT_ROOT_PROJECTION)
+        if (!usfExpose) return cursor
+        volumes.clear()
+        for (volume in volumeManager.listVolumes()) {
+            var flags = DocumentsContract.Root.FLAG_LOCAL_ONLY or DocumentsContract.Root.FLAG_SUPPORTS_IS_CHILD
+            if (usfSafWrite && volume.second.canWrite(context!!.filesDir.path)) {
+                flags = flags or DocumentsContract.Root.FLAG_SUPPORTS_CREATE
+            }
+            cursor.newRow().apply {
+                add(DocumentsContract.Root.COLUMN_ROOT_ID, volume.second.name)
+                add(DocumentsContract.Root.COLUMN_FLAGS, flags)
+                add(DocumentsContract.Root.COLUMN_ICON, R.drawable.icon_document_provider)
+                add(DocumentsContract.Root.COLUMN_TITLE, volume.second.name)
+                add(DocumentsContract.Root.COLUMN_DOCUMENT_ID, volume.second.uuid)
+            }
+            volumes[volume.second.uuid] = volume
+        }
+        return cursor
+    }
+
+    internal data class DocumentData(
+        val rootId: String,
+        val volumeId: Int,
+        val volumeData: VolumeData,
+        val encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume,
+        val path: String
+    ) {
+        fun child(childPath: String) = DocumentData(rootId, volumeId, volumeData, encryptedVolume, childPath)
+    }
+
+    private fun parseDocumentId(documentId: String): DocumentData? {
+        val splits = documentId.split("/", limit = 2)
+        if (splits.size > 2) {
+            return null
+        } else {
+            volumes[splits[0]]?.let {
+                val encryptedVolume = volumeManager.getVolume(it.first) ?: return null
+                val path = "/"+if (splits.size == 2) {
+                    splits[1]
+                } else {
+                    ""
+                }
+                return DocumentData(splits[0], it.first, it.second, encryptedVolume, path)
+            }
+        }
+        return null
+    }
+
+    override fun isChildDocument(parentDocumentId: String, documentId: String): Boolean {
+        if (!usfExpose) return false
+        val parent = parseDocumentId(parentDocumentId) ?: return false
+        val child = parseDocumentId(documentId) ?: return false
+        return parent.rootId == child.rootId && PathUtils.isChildOf(child.path, parent.path)
+    }
+
+    private fun addDocumentRow(cursor: MatrixCursor, volumeData: VolumeData, documentId: String, name: String, stat: Stat) {
+        val isDirectory = stat.type == Stat.S_IFDIR
+        var flags = 0
+        if (usfSafWrite && volumeData.canWrite(context!!.filesDir.path)) {
+            flags = flags or DocumentsContract.Document.FLAG_SUPPORTS_DELETE or DocumentsContract.Document.FLAG_SUPPORTS_RENAME
+            if (isDirectory) {
+                flags = flags or DocumentsContract.Document.FLAG_DIR_SUPPORTS_CREATE
+            } else if (stat.type == Stat.S_IFREG) {
+                flags = flags or DocumentsContract.Document.FLAG_SUPPORTS_WRITE
+            }
+        }
+        val mimeType = if (isDirectory) {
+            DocumentsContract.Document.MIME_TYPE_DIR
+        } else {
+            MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getMimeTypeFromExtension(File(name).extension)
+                ?: "application/octet-stream"
+        }
+        cursor.newRow().apply {
+            add(DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_DOCUMENT_ID, documentId)
+            add(DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_DISPLAY_NAME, name)
+            add(DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_MIME_TYPE, mimeType)
+            add(DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_FLAGS, flags)
+            add(DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_SIZE, stat.size)
+            add(DocumentsContract.Document.COLUMN_LAST_MODIFIED, stat.mTime)
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun queryDocument(documentId: String, projection: Array<out String>?): Cursor {
+        val cursor = MatrixCursor(projection ?: DEFAULT_DOCUMENT_PROJECTION)
+        if (!usfExpose) return cursor
+        val document = parseDocumentId(documentId) ?: return cursor
+        document.encryptedVolume.getAttr(document.path)?.let { stat ->
+            val name = if (document.path == "/") {
+                document.volumeData.shortName
+            } else {
+                File(document.path).name
+            }
+            addDocumentRow(cursor, document.volumeData, documentId, name, stat)
+        }
+        return cursor
+    }
+
+    override fun queryChildDocuments(
+        parentDocumentId: String,
+        projection: Array<out String>?,
+        sortOrder: String?
+    ): Cursor {
+        val cursor = MatrixCursor(projection ?: DEFAULT_DOCUMENT_PROJECTION)
+        if (!usfExpose) return cursor
+        val document = parseDocumentId(parentDocumentId) ?: return cursor
+        document.encryptedVolume.readDir(document.path)?.let { content ->
+            for (i in content) {
+                if (i.isParentFolder) continue
+                addDocumentRow(cursor, document.volumeData, document.rootId+i.fullPath, i.name, i.stat)
+            }
+        }
+        return cursor
+    }
+
+    class LazyExportedFile(
+        private val encryptedFileProvider: EncryptedFileProvider,
+        private val encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume,
+        path: String,
+    ) : EncryptedFileProvider.ExportedFile(path) {
+
+        private val exportedFile: EncryptedFileProvider.ExportedFile by lazy {
+            val size = encryptedVolume.getAttr(path)?.size ?: run {
+                Log.e(TAG, "stat() failed")
+                throw RuntimeException("stat() failed")
+            }
+            val exportedFile = encryptedFileProvider.createFile(path, size) ?: run {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Can't create exported file")
+                throw RuntimeException("Can't create exported file")
+            }
+            if (!encryptedFileProvider.exportFile(exportedFile, encryptedVolume)) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "File export failed")
+                throw RuntimeException("File export failed")
+            }
+            exportedFile
+        }
+
+        override fun open(mode: Int, furtive: Boolean) = exportedFile.open(mode, furtive)
+        override fun free() = exportedFile.free()
+    }
+
+    override fun openDocument(
+        documentId: String,
+        mode: String,
+        signal: CancellationSignal?
+    ): ParcelFileDescriptor? {
+        if (!usfExpose) return null
+        val document = parseDocumentId(documentId) ?: return null
+
+        val lazyExportedFile = LazyExportedFile(encryptedFileProvider, document.encryptedVolume, document.path)
+
+        val result = encryptedFileProvider.openFile(
+            lazyExportedFile,
+            mode,
+            document.encryptedVolume,
+            volumeManager.getCoroutineScope(document.volumeId),
+            true,
+            usfSafWrite,
+        )
+        when (result.second) {
+            EncryptedFileProvider.Error.SUCCESS -> return result.first!!
+            EncryptedFileProvider.Error.WRITE_ACCESS_DENIED -> Log.e(TAG, "Unauthorized write access requested from $callingPackage")
+            else -> result.second.log()
+        }
+        return null
+    }
+
+    override fun createDocument(
+        parentDocumentId: String,
+        mimeType: String?,
+        displayName: String
+    ): String? {
+        if (!usfExpose || !usfSafWrite) return null
+        val document = parseDocumentId(parentDocumentId) ?: return null
+        val path = PathUtils.pathJoin(document.path, displayName)
+        var success = false
+        if (mimeType == DocumentsContract.Document.MIME_TYPE_DIR) {
+            success = document.encryptedVolume.mkdir(path)
+        } else {
+            val f = document.encryptedVolume.openFileWriteMode(path)
+            if (f != -1L) {
+                document.encryptedVolume.closeFile(f)
+                success = true
+            }
+        }
+        return if (success) {
+            document.rootId+path
+        } else {
+            null
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun deleteDocument(documentId: String) {
+        if (!usfExpose || !usfSafWrite) return
+
+        fun recursiveRemoveDirectory(document: DocumentData) {
+            document.encryptedVolume.readDir(document.path)?.forEach { e ->
+                val childPath = PathUtils.pathJoin(document.path, e.name)
+                if (e.isDirectory) {
+                    recursiveRemoveDirectory(document.child(childPath))
+                } else  {
+                    document.encryptedVolume.deleteFile(childPath)
+                }
+                revokeDocumentPermission(document.rootId+childPath)
+            }
+            document.encryptedVolume.rmdir(document.path)
+        }
+
+        val document = parseDocumentId(documentId) ?: return
+        document.encryptedVolume.getAttr(document.path)?.let { stat ->
+            if (stat.type == Stat.S_IFDIR) {
+                recursiveRemoveDirectory(document)
+            } else {
+                document.encryptedVolume.deleteFile(document.path)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun renameDocument(documentId: String, displayName: String): String {
+        if (!usfExpose || !usfSafWrite) return documentId
+        val document = parseDocumentId(documentId) ?: return documentId
+        val newPath = PathUtils.pathJoin(PathUtils.getParentPath(document.path), displayName)
+        return if (document.encryptedVolume.rename(document.path, newPath)) {
+            document.rootId+newPath
+        } else {
+            documentId
+        }
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/explorers/BaseExplorerActivity.kt

@@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.explorers
 
-import android.content.ComponentName
-import android.content.Context
 import android.content.Intent
-import android.content.ServiceConnection
 import android.net.Uri
 import android.os.Bundle
-import android.os.IBinder
 import android.view.Menu
 import android.view.MenuItem
 import android.view.View
 import android.widget.ImageButton
+import android.widget.ProgressBar
 import android.widget.TextView
 import android.widget.Toast
 import androidx.activity.addCallback
-import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import androidx.core.view.isVisible
 import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel
 import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider
 import androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScope
@@ -22,17 +19,37 @@ import androidx.recyclerview.widget.GridLayoutManager
 import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager
 import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
 import androidx.swiperefreshlayout.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout
-import kotlinx.coroutines.*
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.*
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
+import kotlinx.coroutines.MainScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.cancel
+import kotlinx.coroutines.cancelAndJoin
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import kotlinx.coroutines.yield
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.BaseActivity
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Constants
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.EncryptedFileProvider
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.FileShare
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.FileTypes
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.LoadingTask
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeManagerApp
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.adapters.ExplorerElementAdapter
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.adapters.OpenAsDialogAdapter
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers.ExternalProvider
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers.TemporaryFileProvider
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_operations.FileOperationService
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_operations.OperationFile
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_viewers.*
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_operations.TaskResult
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_viewers.AudioPlayer
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_viewers.ImageViewer
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_viewers.PdfViewer
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_viewers.TextEditor
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_viewers.VideoPlayer
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.Stat
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.UIUtils
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.finishOnClose
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.EditTextDialog
 
@@ -42,7 +59,7 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
     private var foldersFirst = true
     private var mapFolders = true
     private var currentSortOrderIndex = 0
-    private var volumeId = -1
+    protected var volumeId = -1
     protected lateinit var encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume
     private lateinit var volumeName: String
     private lateinit var explorerViewModel: ExplorerViewModel
@@ -52,7 +69,8 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
             explorerViewModel.currentDirectoryPath = value
         }
     protected lateinit var fileOperationService: FileOperationService
-    protected val taskScope = CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + Dispatchers.Main.immediate)
+    protected val activityScope = MainScope()
+    private var directoryLoadingTask: Job? = null
     protected lateinit var explorerElements: MutableList<ExplorerElement>
     protected lateinit var explorerAdapter: ExplorerElementAdapter
     protected lateinit var app: VolumeManagerApp
@@ -63,11 +81,13 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
     private lateinit var titleText: TextView
     private lateinit var recycler_view_explorer: RecyclerView
     private lateinit var refresher: SwipeRefreshLayout
+    private lateinit var loader: ProgressBar
     private lateinit var textDirEmpty: TextView
     private lateinit var currentPathText: TextView
     private lateinit var numberOfFilesText: TextView
     private lateinit var numberOfFoldersText: TextView
     private lateinit var totalSizeText: TextView
+    protected val fileShare by lazy { FileShare(this) }
 
     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
@@ -75,7 +95,7 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
         usf_open = sharedPrefs.getBoolean("usf_open", false)
         volumeName = intent.getStringExtra("volumeName") ?: ""
         volumeId = intent.getIntExtra("volumeId", -1)
-        encryptedVolume = app.volumeManager.getVolume(volumeId)!!
+        encryptedVolume = app.volumeManager.getVolume(volumeId)!!.also { finishOnClose(it) }
         sortOrderEntries = resources.getStringArray(R.array.sort_orders_entries)
         sortOrderValues = resources.getStringArray(R.array.sort_orders_values)
         foldersFirst = sharedPrefs.getBoolean("folders_first", true)
@@ -84,6 +104,7 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
         init()
         recycler_view_explorer = findViewById(R.id.recycler_view_explorer)
         refresher = findViewById(R.id.refresher)
+        loader = findViewById(R.id.loader)
         textDirEmpty = findViewById(R.id.text_dir_empty)
         currentPathText = findViewById(R.id.current_path_text)
         numberOfFilesText = findViewById(R.id.number_of_files_text)
@@ -108,7 +129,6 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
         )
         explorerViewModel = ViewModelProvider(this).get(ExplorerViewModel::class.java)
         currentDirectoryPath = explorerViewModel.currentDirectoryPath
-        setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
         linearLayoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this@BaseExplorerActivity)
         recycler_view_explorer.adapter = explorerAdapter
         isUsingListLayout = sharedPrefs.getBoolean("useListLayout", true)
@@ -165,36 +185,58 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
         setContentView(R.layout.activity_explorer)
     }
 
-    protected open fun bindFileOperationService(){
+    protected open fun bindFileOperationService() {
-        Intent(this, FileOperationService::class.java).also {
+        FileOperationService.bind(this) {
-            bindService(it, object : ServiceConnection {
+            fileOperationService = it
-                override fun onServiceConnected(className: ComponentName, service: IBinder) {
-                    val binder = service as FileOperationService.LocalBinder
-                    fileOperationService = binder.getService()
-                    binder.setEncryptedVolume(encryptedVolume)
-                }
-                override fun onServiceDisconnected(arg0: ComponentName) {
-
-                }
-            }, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE)
         }
     }
 
     private fun startFileViewer(cls: Class<*>, filePath: String) {
         val intent = Intent(this, cls).apply {
             putExtra("path", filePath)
-            putExtra("volume", encryptedVolume)
+            putExtra("volumeId", volumeId)
             putExtra("sortOrder", sortOrderValues[currentSortOrderIndex])
         }
         startActivity(intent)
     }
 
-    private fun openWithExternalApp(fullPath: String) {
+    protected fun onExportFailed(errorResId: Int) {
-        app.isStartingExternalApp = true
+        CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
-        ExternalProvider.open(this, theme, encryptedVolume, fullPath)
+            .setTitle(R.string.error)
+            .setMessage(getString(R.string.tmp_export_failed, getString(errorResId)))
+            .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
+            .show()
     }
 
-    private fun showOpenAsDialog(path: String) {
+    private fun openWithExternalApp(path: String, size: Long) {
+        app.isExporting = true
+        val exportedFile = TemporaryFileProvider.instance.encryptedFileProvider.createFile(path, size)
+        if (exportedFile == null) {
+            onExportFailed(R.string.export_failed_create)
+            return
+        }
+        val msg = when (exportedFile) {
+            is EncryptedFileProvider.ExportedMemFile -> R.string.export_mem
+            is EncryptedFileProvider.ExportedDiskFile -> R.string.export_disk
+            else -> R.string.loading_msg_export
+        }
+        object : LoadingTask<Pair<Intent?, Int?>>(this, theme, msg) {
+            override suspend fun doTask(): Pair<Intent?, Int?> {
+                return fileShare.openWith(exportedFile, size, volumeId)
+            }
+        }.startTask(lifecycleScope) { (intent, error) ->
+            if (intent == null) {
+                onExportFailed(error!!)
+            } else {
+                app.isStartingExternalApp = true
+                startActivity(intent)
+            }
+            app.isExporting = false
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun showOpenAsDialog(explorerElement: ExplorerElement) {
+        val path = explorerElement.fullPath
         val adapter = OpenAsDialogAdapter(this, usf_open)
         CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
             .setSingleChoiceItems(adapter, -1) { dialog, which ->
@@ -205,7 +247,7 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
                     "pdf" -> startFileViewer(PdfViewer::class.java, path)
                     "text" -> startFileViewer(TextEditor::class.java, path)
                     "external" -> if (usf_open) {
-                        openWithExternalApp(path)
+                        openWithExternalApp(path, explorerElement.stat.size)
                     }
                 }
                 dialog.dismiss()
@@ -215,6 +257,27 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
             .show()
     }
 
+    protected fun createNewFile(callback: (Long) -> Unit) {
+        EditTextDialog(this, R.string.enter_file_name) {
+            if (it.isEmpty()) {
+                Toast.makeText(this, R.string.error_filename_empty, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
+                createNewFile(callback)
+            } else {
+                val filePath = PathUtils.pathJoin(currentDirectoryPath, it)
+                val handleID = encryptedVolume.openFileWriteMode(filePath)
+                if (handleID == -1L) {
+                    CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
+                        .setTitle(R.string.error)
+                        .setMessage(R.string.file_creation_failed)
+                        .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
+                        .show()
+                } else {
+                    callback(handleID)
+                }
+            }
+        }.show()
+    }
+
     private fun setVolumeNameTitle() {
         titleText.text = getString(R.string.volume, volumeName)
     }
@@ -252,7 +315,7 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
                 FileTypes.isAudio(fullPath) -> {
                     startFileViewer(AudioPlayer::class.java, fullPath)
                 }
-                else -> showOpenAsDialog(fullPath)
+                else -> showOpenAsDialog(explorerElements[position])
             }
         }
         invalidateOptionsMenu()
@@ -267,19 +330,16 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
         invalidateOptionsMenu()
     }
 
-    private fun displayExplorerElements(totalSize: Long) {
+    private fun displayExplorerElements() {
-        totalSizeText.text = getString(R.string.total_size, PathUtils.formatSize(totalSize))
+        ExplorerElement.sortBy(sortOrderValues[currentSortOrderIndex], foldersFirst, explorerElements)
-        synchronized(this) {
-            ExplorerElement.sortBy(sortOrderValues[currentSortOrderIndex], foldersFirst, explorerElements)
-        }
         unselectAll(false)
+        loader.isVisible = false
+        recycler_view_explorer.isVisible = true
         explorerAdapter.explorerElements = explorerElements
-        val sharedPrefsEditor = sharedPrefs.edit()
-        sharedPrefsEditor.putString(Constants.SORT_ORDER_KEY, sortOrderValues[currentSortOrderIndex])
-        sharedPrefsEditor.apply()
     }
 
-    private fun recursiveSetSize(directory: ExplorerElement) {
+    private suspend fun recursiveSetSize(directory: ExplorerElement) {
+        yield()
         for (child in encryptedVolume.readDir(directory.fullPath) ?: return) {
             if (child.isDirectory) {
                 recursiveSetSize(child)
@@ -303,15 +363,16 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
         }
     }
 
-    protected fun setCurrentPath(path: String, onDisplayed: (() -> Unit)? = null) {
+    protected fun setCurrentPath(path: String, onDisplayed: (() -> Unit)? = null) = lifecycleScope.launch {
-        synchronized(this) {
+        directoryLoadingTask?.cancelAndJoin()
-            explorerElements = encryptedVolume.readDir(path) ?: return
+        recycler_view_explorer.isVisible = false
-            if (path != "/") {
+        loader.isVisible = true
-                explorerElements.add(
+        explorerElements = encryptedVolume.readDir(path) ?: return@launch
-                    0,
+        if (path != "/") {
-                    ExplorerElement("..", Stat.parentFolderStat(), parentPath = currentDirectoryPath)
+            explorerElements.add(
-                )
+                0,
-            }
+                ExplorerElement("..", Stat.parentFolderStat(), parentPath = currentDirectoryPath)
+            )
         }
         textDirEmpty.visibility = if (explorerElements.size == 0) View.VISIBLE else View.GONE
         currentDirectoryPath = path
@@ -319,23 +380,25 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
         displayNumberOfElements(numberOfFilesText, R.string.one_file, R.string.multiple_files, explorerElements.count { it.isRegularFile })
         displayNumberOfElements(numberOfFoldersText, R.string.one_folder, R.string.multiple_folders, explorerElements.count { it.isDirectory })
         if (mapFolders) {
-            lifecycleScope.launch {
+            var totalSize: Long = 0
-                var totalSize: Long = 0
+            directoryLoadingTask = launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
-                withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+                for (element in explorerElements) {
-                    synchronized(this@BaseExplorerActivity) {
+                    if (element.isDirectory) {
-                        for (element in explorerElements) {
+                        recursiveSetSize(element)
-                            if (element.isDirectory) {
-                                recursiveSetSize(element)
-                            }
-                            totalSize += element.stat.size
-                        }
                     }
+                    totalSize += element.stat.size
                 }
-                displayExplorerElements(totalSize)
-                onDisplayed?.invoke()
             }
+            directoryLoadingTask!!.join()
+            displayExplorerElements()
+            totalSizeText.text = getString(R.string.total_size, PathUtils.formatSize(totalSize))
+            onDisplayed?.invoke()
         } else {
-            displayExplorerElements(explorerElements.filter { !it.isParentFolder }.sumOf { it.stat.size })
+            displayExplorerElements()
+            totalSizeText.text = getString(
+                R.string.total_size,
+                PathUtils.formatSize(explorerElements.filter { !it.isParentFolder }.sumOf { it.stat.size })
+            )
             onDisplayed?.invoke()
         }
     }
@@ -375,10 +438,10 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
         }.show()
     }
 
-    protected fun checkPathOverwrite(items: ArrayList<OperationFile>, dstDirectoryPath: String, callback: (ArrayList<OperationFile>?) -> Unit) {
+    protected fun checkPathOverwrite(items: List<OperationFile>, dstDirectoryPath: String, callback: (List<OperationFile>?) -> Unit) {
         val srcDirectoryPath = items[0].parentPath
         var ready = true
-        for (i in 0 until items.size) {
+        for (i in items.indices) {
             val testDstPath: String
             if (items[i].dstPath == null){
                 testDstPath = PathUtils.pathJoin(dstDirectoryPath, PathUtils.getRelativePath(srcDirectoryPath, items[i].srcPath))
@@ -412,7 +475,7 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
                         with(EditTextDialog(this, R.string.enter_new_name) {
                             items[i].dstPath = PathUtils.pathJoin(dstDirectoryPath, PathUtils.getRelativePath(srcDirectoryPath, items[i].parentPath), it)
                             if (items[i].isDirectory) {
-                                for (j in 0 until items.size){
+                                for (j in items.indices) {
                                     if (PathUtils.isChildOf(items[j].srcPath, items[i].srcPath)) {
                                         items[j].dstPath = PathUtils.pathJoin(items[i].dstPath!!, PathUtils.getRelativePath(items[i].srcPath, items[j].srcPath))
                                     }
@@ -439,7 +502,33 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
         }
     }
 
-    protected fun importFilesFromUris(uris: List<Uri>, callback: (String?) -> Unit) {
+    protected fun onTaskResult(
+        result: TaskResult<out String?>,
+        failedErrorMessage: Int,
+        successMessage: Int = -1,
+        onSuccess: (() -> Unit)? = null,
+    ) {
+        when (result.state) {
+            TaskResult.State.SUCCESS -> {
+                if (onSuccess == null) {
+                    Toast.makeText(this, successMessage, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
+                } else {
+                    onSuccess()
+                }
+            }
+            TaskResult.State.FAILED -> {
+                CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
+                    .setTitle(R.string.error)
+                    .setMessage(getString(failedErrorMessage, result.failedItem))
+                    .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
+                    .show()
+            }
+            TaskResult.State.ERROR -> result.showErrorAlertDialog(this, theme)
+            TaskResult.State.CANCELLED -> {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected fun importFilesFromUris(uris: List<Uri>, callback: () -> Unit) {
         val items = ArrayList<OperationFile>()
         for (uri in uris) {
             val fileName = PathUtils.getFilenameFromURI(this, uri)
@@ -458,13 +547,10 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
         if (items.size > 0) {
             checkPathOverwrite(items, currentDirectoryPath) { checkedItems ->
                 checkedItems?.let {
-                    taskScope.launch {
+                    activityScope.launch {
-                        val taskResult = fileOperationService.importFilesFromUris(checkedItems.map { it.dstPath!! }, uris)
+                        val result = fileOperationService.importFilesFromUris(volumeId, checkedItems.map { it.dstPath!! }, uris)
-                        if (taskResult.cancelled) {
+                        onTaskResult(result, R.string.import_failed, onSuccess = callback)
-                            setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
+                        setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
-                        } else {
-                            callback(taskResult.failedItem)
-                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -489,14 +575,6 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
         }
     }
 
-    private fun setMenuIconTint(menu: Menu, iconColor: Int, menuItemId: Int, drawableId: Int) {
-        menu.findItem(menuItemId)?.let {
-            it.icon = ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, drawableId)?.apply {
-                setTint(iconColor)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
     override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu): Boolean {
         menu.findItem(R.id.rename).isVisible = false
         menu.findItem(R.id.open_as)?.isVisible = false
@@ -504,9 +582,10 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
             menu.findItem(R.id.external_open)?.isVisible = false
         }
         val noItemSelected = explorerAdapter.selectedItems.isEmpty()
-        val iconColor = ContextCompat.getColor(this, R.color.neutralIconTint)
+        with(UIUtils.getMenuIconNeutralTint(this, menu)) {
-        setMenuIconTint(menu, iconColor, R.id.sort, R.drawable.icon_sort)
+            applyTo(R.id.sort, R.drawable.icon_sort)
-        setMenuIconTint(menu, iconColor, R.id.share, R.drawable.icon_share)
+            applyTo(R.id.share, R.drawable.icon_share)
+        }
         menu.findItem(R.id.sort).isVisible = noItemSelected
         menu.findItem(R.id.lock).isVisible = noItemSelected
         menu.findItem(R.id.close).isVisible = noItemSelected
@@ -536,7 +615,13 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
                         .setTitle(R.string.sort_order)
                         .setSingleChoiceItems(sortOrderEntries, currentSortOrderIndex) { dialog, which ->
                             currentSortOrderIndex = which
-                            setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
+                            // displayExplorerElements must not be called if directoryLoadingTask is active
+                            if (directoryLoadingTask?.isActive != true) {
+                                displayExplorerElements()
+                            }
+                            val sharedPrefsEditor = sharedPrefs.edit()
+                            sharedPrefsEditor.putString(Constants.SORT_ORDER_KEY, sortOrderValues[currentSortOrderIndex])
+                            sharedPrefsEditor.apply()
                             dialog.dismiss()
                         }
                         .setNegativeButton(R.string.cancel, null)
@@ -554,22 +639,13 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
                 true
             }
             R.id.open_as -> {
-                showOpenAsDialog(
+                showOpenAsDialog(explorerElements[explorerAdapter.selectedItems.first()])
-                    PathUtils.pathJoin(
-                        currentDirectoryPath,
-                        explorerElements[explorerAdapter.selectedItems.first()].name
-                    )
-                )
                 true
             }
             R.id.external_open -> {
                 if (usf_open){
-                    openWithExternalApp(
+                    val explorerElement = explorerElements[explorerAdapter.selectedItems.first()]
-                        PathUtils.pathJoin(
+                    openWithExternalApp(explorerElement.fullPath, explorerElement.stat.size)
-                            currentDirectoryPath,
-                            explorerElements[explorerAdapter.selectedItems.first()].name
-                        )
-                    )
                     unselectAll()
                 }
                 true
@@ -589,19 +665,15 @@ open class BaseExplorerActivity : BaseActivity(), ExplorerElementAdapter.Listene
     override fun onDestroy() {
         super.onDestroy()
         if (!isChangingConfigurations) { //activity won't be recreated
-            taskScope.cancel()
+            activityScope.cancel()
         }
     }
 
     override fun onResume() {
         super.onResume()
         if (app.isStartingExternalApp) {
-            ExternalProvider.removeFilesAsync(this)
+            TemporaryFileProvider.instance.wipe()
-        }
-        if (encryptedVolume.isClosed()) {
-            finish()
-        } else {
-            setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
         }
+        setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
     }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/explorers/ExplorerActivity.kt

@@ -9,17 +9,16 @@ import android.widget.Toast
 import androidx.activity.addCallback
 import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts
 import androidx.documentfile.provider.DocumentFile
+import androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScope
 import com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.CameraActivity
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.LoadingTask
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.MainActivity
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.adapters.IconTextDialogAdapter
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.content_providers.ExternalProvider
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_operations.OperationFile
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.Stat
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.IntentUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.EditTextDialog
@@ -36,131 +35,119 @@ class ExplorerActivity : BaseExplorerActivity() {
     private val pickFromOtherVolumes = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult()) { result ->
         if (result.resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
             result.data?.let { resultIntent ->
-                val remoteEncryptedVolume = IntentUtils.getParcelableExtra<EncryptedVolume>(resultIntent, "volume")!!
+                val srcVolumeId = resultIntent.getIntExtra("volumeId", -1)
+                val srcEncryptedVolume = app.volumeManager.getVolume(srcVolumeId)!!
                 val path = resultIntent.getStringExtra("path")
-                val operationFiles = ArrayList<OperationFile>()
                 if (path == null){ //multiples elements
                     val paths = resultIntent.getStringArrayListExtra("paths")
                     val types = resultIntent.getIntegerArrayListExtra("types")
                     if (types != null && paths != null){
-                        for (i in paths.indices) {
+                        object : LoadingTask<List<OperationFile>>(this, theme, R.string.discovering_files) {
-                            operationFiles.add(
+                            override suspend fun doTask(): List<OperationFile> {
-                                OperationFile(paths[i], types[i])
+                                val operationFiles = ArrayList<OperationFile>()
-                            )
+                                for (i in paths.indices) {
-                            if (types[i] == Stat.S_IFDIR) {
+                                    operationFiles.add(OperationFile(paths[i], types[i]))
-                                remoteEncryptedVolume.recursiveMapFiles(paths[i])?.forEach {
+                                    if (types[i] == Stat.S_IFDIR) {
-                                    operationFiles.add(OperationFile.fromExplorerElement(it))
+                                        srcEncryptedVolume.recursiveMapFiles(paths[i])?.forEach {
+                                            operationFiles.add(OperationFile.fromExplorerElement(it))
+                                        }
+                                    }
                                 }
+                                return operationFiles
                             }
+                        }.startTask(lifecycleScope) { operationFiles ->
+                            importFilesFromVolume(srcVolumeId, operationFiles)
                         }
                     }
                 } else {
-                    operationFiles.add(
+                    importFilesFromVolume(srcVolumeId, arrayListOf(OperationFile(path, Stat.S_IFREG)))
-                        OperationFile(path, Stat.S_IFREG)
-                    )
-                }
-                if (operationFiles.size > 0){
-                    checkPathOverwrite(operationFiles, currentDirectoryPath) { items ->
-                        if (items != null) {
-                            // stop loading thumbnails while writing files
-                            explorerAdapter.loadThumbnails = false
-                            taskScope.launch {
-                                val failedItem = fileOperationService.copyElements(items, remoteEncryptedVolume)
-                                if (failedItem == null) {
-                                    Toast.makeText(this@ExplorerActivity, R.string.success_import, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
-                                } else {
-                                    CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this@ExplorerActivity, theme)
-                                        .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                                        .setMessage(getString(R.string.import_failed, failedItem))
-                                        .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
-                                        .show()
-                                }
-                                explorerAdapter.loadThumbnails = true
-                                setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
                 }
             }
         }
     }
     private val pickFiles = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.OpenMultipleDocuments()) { uris ->
         if (uris != null) {
-            importFilesFromUris(uris){ failedItem ->
+            for (uri in uris) {
-                onImportComplete(failedItem, uris)
+                try {
+                    contentResolver.takePersistableUriPermission(uri, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION)
+                } catch (e: SecurityException) {
+                    e.printStackTrace()
+                }
+            }
+            importFilesFromUris(uris) {
+                onImportComplete(uris)
             }
         }
     }
     private val pickExportDirectory = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.OpenDocumentTree()) { uri ->
         if (uri != null) {
-            taskScope.launch {
+            contentResolver.takePersistableUriPermission(uri, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION)
-                val result = fileOperationService.exportFiles(uri, explorerAdapter.selectedItems.map { i -> explorerElements[i] })
+            val items = explorerAdapter.selectedItems.map { i -> explorerElements[i] }
-                if (!result.cancelled) {
+            activityScope.launch {
-                    if (result.failedItem == null) {
+                val result = fileOperationService.exportFiles(volumeId, items, uri)
-                        Toast.makeText(this@ExplorerActivity, R.string.success_export, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
+                onTaskResult(result, R.string.export_failed, R.string.success_export)
-                    } else {
-                        CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this@ExplorerActivity, theme)
-                            .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                            .setMessage(getString(R.string.export_failed, result.failedItem))
-                            .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
-                            .show()
-                    }
-                }
             }
         }
         unselectAll()
     }
     private val pickImportDirectory = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.OpenDocumentTree()) { rootUri ->
         rootUri?.let {
+            contentResolver.takePersistableUriPermission(it, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION)
             val tree = DocumentFile.fromTreeUri(this, it)!! //non-null after Lollipop
             val operation = OperationFile(PathUtils.pathJoin(currentDirectoryPath, tree.name!!), Stat.S_IFDIR)
             checkPathOverwrite(arrayListOf(operation), currentDirectoryPath) { checkedOperation ->
                 checkedOperation?.let {
-                    taskScope.launch {
+                    activityScope.launch {
-                        val result = fileOperationService.importDirectory(checkedOperation[0].dstPath!!, tree)
+                        val result = fileOperationService.importDirectory(volumeId, checkedOperation[0].dstPath!!, tree)
-                        if (result.taskResult.cancelled) {
+                        onTaskResult(result.taskResult, R.string.import_failed) {
-                            setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
+                            onImportComplete(result.uris, tree)
-                        } else {
-                            onImportComplete(result.taskResult.failedItem, result.uris, tree)
                         }
+                        setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 
-    private fun onImportComplete(failedItem: String?, urisToWipe: List<Uri>, rootFile: DocumentFile? = null) {
+    private fun importFilesFromVolume(srcVolumeId: Int, operationFiles: List<OperationFile>) {
-        if (failedItem == null){
+        checkPathOverwrite(operationFiles, currentDirectoryPath) { items ->
-            CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
+            if (items != null) {
-                .setTitle(R.string.success_import)
+                // stop loading thumbnails while writing files
-                .setMessage("""
+                explorerAdapter.loadThumbnails = false
-                                ${getString(R.string.success_import_msg)}
+                activityScope.launch {
-                                ${getString(R.string.ask_for_wipe)}
+                    onTaskResult(
-                                """.trimIndent())
+                        fileOperationService.copyElements(
-                .setPositiveButton(R.string.yes) { _, _ ->
+                            volumeId,
-                    taskScope.launch {
+                            items,
-                        val errorMsg = fileOperationService.wipeUris(urisToWipe, rootFile)
+                            srcVolumeId
-                        if (errorMsg == null) {
+                        ), R.string.import_failed, R.string.success_import
-                            Toast.makeText(this@ExplorerActivity, R.string.wipe_successful, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
+                    )
-                        } else {
+                    explorerAdapter.loadThumbnails = true
-                            CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this@ExplorerActivity, theme)
+                    setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
-                                .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                                .setMessage(getString(R.string.wipe_failed, errorMsg))
-                                .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
-                                .show()
-                        }
-                    }
                 }
-                .setNegativeButton(R.string.no, null)
+            }
-                .show()
-        } else {
-            CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
-                .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                .setMessage(getString(R.string.import_failed, failedItem))
-                .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
-                .show()
         }
-        setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
+
+    }
+
+    private fun onImportComplete(urisToWipe: List<Uri>, rootFile: DocumentFile? = null) {
+        CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
+            .setTitle(R.string.success_import)
+            .setMessage("""
+                            ${getString(R.string.success_import_msg)}
+                            ${getString(R.string.ask_for_wipe)}
+                            """.trimIndent())
+            .setPositiveButton(R.string.yes) { _, _ ->
+                activityScope.launch {
+                    onTaskResult(
+                        fileOperationService.wipeUris(urisToWipe, rootFile),
+                        R.string.wipe_failed,
+                        R.string.wipe_successful,
+                    )
+                }
+            }
+            .setNegativeButton(R.string.no, null)
+            .show()
     }
 
     override fun init() {
@@ -181,7 +168,7 @@ class ExplorerActivity : BaseExplorerActivity() {
             } else {
                 val adapter = IconTextDialogAdapter(this)
                 adapter.items = listOf(
-                    listOf("importFromOtherVolumes", R.string.import_from_other_volume, R.drawable.icon_transfert),
+                    listOf("importFromOtherVolumes", R.string.import_from_other_volume, R.drawable.icon_transfer),
                     listOf("importFiles", R.string.import_files, R.drawable.icon_encrypt),
                     listOf("importFolder", R.string.import_folder, R.drawable.icon_import_folder),
                     listOf("createFile", R.string.new_file, R.drawable.icon_file_unknown),
@@ -194,7 +181,6 @@ class ExplorerActivity : BaseExplorerActivity() {
                             "importFromOtherVolumes" -> {
                                 val intent = Intent(this, MainActivity::class.java)
                                 intent.action = "pick"
-                                intent.putExtra("volume", encryptedVolume)
                                 pickFromOtherVolumes.launch(intent)
                             }
                             "importFiles" -> {
@@ -206,9 +192,11 @@ class ExplorerActivity : BaseExplorerActivity() {
                                 pickImportDirectory.launch(null)
                             }
                             "createFile" -> {
-                                EditTextDialog(this, R.string.enter_file_name) {
+                                createNewFile {
-                                    createNewFile(it)
+                                    encryptedVolume.closeFile(it)
-                                }.show()
+                                    setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
+                                    invalidateOptionsMenu()
+                                }
                             }
                             "createFolder" -> {
                                 openDialogCreateFolder()
@@ -216,7 +204,7 @@ class ExplorerActivity : BaseExplorerActivity() {
                             "camera" -> {
                                 val intent = Intent(this, CameraActivity::class.java)
                                 intent.putExtra("path", currentDirectoryPath)
-                                intent.putExtra("volume", encryptedVolume)
+                                intent.putExtra("volumeId", volumeId)
                                 startActivity(intent)
                             }
                         }
@@ -236,26 +224,6 @@ class ExplorerActivity : BaseExplorerActivity() {
         cancelItemAction()
     }
 
-    private fun createNewFile(fileName: String){
-        if (fileName.isEmpty()) {
-            Toast.makeText(this, R.string.error_filename_empty, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
-        } else {
-            val filePath = PathUtils.pathJoin(currentDirectoryPath, fileName)
-            val handleID = encryptedVolume.openFileWriteMode(filePath)
-            if (handleID == -1L) {
-                CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
-                        .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                        .setMessage(R.string.file_creation_failed)
-                        .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
-                        .show()
-            } else {
-                encryptedVolume.closeFile(handleID)
-                setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
-                invalidateOptionsMenu()
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
     override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu): Boolean {
         menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.explorer, menu)
         val result = super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu)
@@ -312,11 +280,6 @@ class ExplorerActivity : BaseExplorerActivity() {
             R.id.copy -> {
                 for (i in explorerAdapter.selectedItems){
                     itemsToProcess.add(OperationFile.fromExplorerElement(explorerElements[i]))
-                    if (explorerElements[i].isDirectory){
-                        encryptedVolume.recursiveMapFiles(explorerElements[i].fullPath)?.forEach {
-                            itemsToProcess.add(OperationFile.fromExplorerElement(it))
-                        }
-                    }
                 }
                 currentItemAction = ItemsActions.COPY
                 unselectAll()
@@ -324,26 +287,31 @@ class ExplorerActivity : BaseExplorerActivity() {
             }
             R.id.validate -> {
                 if (currentItemAction == ItemsActions.COPY){
-                    checkPathOverwrite(itemsToProcess, currentDirectoryPath){ items ->
+                    object : LoadingTask<List<OperationFile>>(this, theme, R.string.discovering_files) {
-                        items?.let {
+                        override suspend fun doTask(): List<OperationFile> {
-                            taskScope.launch {
+                            val items = itemsToProcess.toMutableList()
-                                val failedItem = fileOperationService.copyElements(it.toMutableList() as ArrayList<OperationFile>)
+                            itemsToProcess.filter { it.isDirectory }.forEach { dir ->
-                                if (!isFinishing) {
+                                encryptedVolume.recursiveMapFiles(dir.srcPath)?.forEach {
-                                    if (failedItem == null) {
+                                    items.add(OperationFile.fromExplorerElement(it))
-                                        Toast.makeText(this@ExplorerActivity, R.string.copy_success, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
+                                }
-                                    } else {
+                            }
-                                        CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this@ExplorerActivity, theme)
+                            return items
-                                            .setTitle(R.string.error)
+                        }
-                                            .setMessage(getString(R.string.copy_failed, failedItem))
+                    }.startTask(lifecycleScope) { items ->
-                                            .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
+                        checkPathOverwrite(items, currentDirectoryPath) {
-                                            .show()
+                            it?.let { checkedItems ->
-                                    }
+                                activityScope.launch {
+                                    onTaskResult(
+                                        fileOperationService.copyElements(volumeId, checkedItems),
+                                        R.string.copy_failed,
+                                        R.string.copy_success,
+                                    )
                                     setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
                                 }
                             }
+                            cancelItemAction()
+                            invalidateOptionsMenu()
                         }
-                        cancelItemAction()
-                        invalidateOptionsMenu()
                     }
                 } else if (currentItemAction == ItemsActions.MOVE){
                     itemsToProcess.forEach {
@@ -357,17 +325,12 @@ class ExplorerActivity : BaseExplorerActivity() {
                         toMove,
                         toClean,
                     ) {
-                        taskScope.launch {
+                        activityScope.launch {
-                            val failedItem = fileOperationService.moveElements(toMove, toClean)
+                            onTaskResult(
-                            if (failedItem == null) {
+                                fileOperationService.moveElements(volumeId, toMove, toClean),
-                                Toast.makeText(this@ExplorerActivity, R.string.move_success, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
+                                R.string.move_success,
-                            } else {
+                                R.string.move_failed,
-                                CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this@ExplorerActivity, theme)
+                            )
-                                    .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                                    .setMessage(getString(R.string.move_failed, failedItem))
-                                    .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
-                                    .show()
-                            }
                             setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
                         }
                         cancelItemAction()
@@ -381,8 +344,9 @@ class ExplorerActivity : BaseExplorerActivity() {
                 val dialog = CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
                 dialog.setTitle(R.string.warning)
                 dialog.setPositiveButton(R.string.ok) { _, _ ->
-                    taskScope.launch {
+                    val items = explorerAdapter.selectedItems.map { i -> explorerElements[i] }
-                        fileOperationService.removeElements(explorerAdapter.selectedItems.map { i -> explorerElements[i] })?.let { failedItem ->
+                    activityScope.launch {
+                        fileOperationService.removeElements(volumeId, items)?.let { failedItem ->
                             CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this@ExplorerActivity, theme)
                                 .setTitle(R.string.error)
                                 .setMessage(getString(R.string.remove_failed, failedItem))
@@ -406,12 +370,25 @@ class ExplorerActivity : BaseExplorerActivity() {
                 true
             }
             R.id.share -> {
-                val paths: MutableList<String> = ArrayList()
+                val files = explorerAdapter.selectedItems.map { i ->
-                for (i in explorerAdapter.selectedItems) {
+                    explorerElements[i].let {
-                    paths.add(explorerElements[i].fullPath)
+                        Pair(it.fullPath, it.stat.size)
+                    }
+                }
+                app.isExporting = true
+                object : LoadingTask<Pair<Intent?, Int?>>(this, theme, R.string.loading_msg_export) {
+                    override suspend fun doTask(): Pair<Intent?, Int?> {
+                        return fileShare.share(files, volumeId)
+                    }
+                }.startTask(lifecycleScope) { (intent, error) ->
+                    if (intent == null) {
+                        onExportFailed(error!!)
+                    } else {
+                        app.isStartingExternalApp = true
+                        startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, getString(R.string.share_chooser)))
+                    }
+                    app.isExporting = false
                 }
-                app.isStartingExternalApp = true
-                ExternalProvider.share(this, theme, encryptedVolume, paths)
                 unselectAll()
                 true
             }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/explorers/ExplorerActivityDrop.kt

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.IntentUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
+import java.nio.CharBuffer
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets
 
 class ExplorerActivityDrop : BaseExplorerActivity() {
 
@@ -30,15 +32,15 @@ class ExplorerActivityDrop : BaseExplorerActivity() {
         return when (item.itemId) {
             R.id.validate -> {
                 val extras = intent.extras
-                val errorMsg: String? = if (extras != null && extras.containsKey(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM)) {
+                val success = if (extras != null && extras.containsKey(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM)) {
                     when (intent.action) {
                         Intent.ACTION_SEND -> {
                             val uri = IntentUtils.getParcelableExtra<Uri>(intent, Intent.EXTRA_STREAM)
                             if (uri == null) {
-                                getString(R.string.share_intent_parsing_failed)
+                                false
                             } else {
                                 importFilesFromUris(listOf(uri), ::onImported)
-                                null
+                                true
                             }
                         }
                         Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE -> {
@@ -50,20 +52,34 @@ class ExplorerActivityDrop : BaseExplorerActivity() {
                             }
                             if (uris != null) {
                                 importFilesFromUris(uris, ::onImported)
-                                null
+                                true
                             } else {
-                                getString(R.string.share_intent_parsing_failed)
+                                false
                             }
                         }
-                        else -> getString(R.string.share_intent_parsing_failed)
+                        else -> false
                     }
+                } else if ((intent.clipData?.itemCount ?: 0) > 0) {
+                    val byteBuffer = StandardCharsets.UTF_8.encode(CharBuffer.wrap(intent.clipData!!.getItemAt(0).text))
+                    val byteArray = ByteArray(byteBuffer.remaining())
+                    byteBuffer.get(byteArray)
+                    val size = byteArray.size.toLong()
+                    createNewFile {
+                        var offset = 0L
+                        while (offset < size) {
+                            offset += encryptedVolume.write(it, offset, byteArray, offset, size-offset)
+                        }
+                        encryptedVolume.closeFile(it)
+                        onImported()
+                    }
+                    true
                 } else {
-                    getString(R.string.share_intent_parsing_failed)
+                    false
                 }
-                errorMsg?.let {
+                if (!success) {
                     CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
                             .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                            .setMessage(it)
+                            .setMessage(R.string.share_intent_parsing_failed)
                             .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
                             .show()
                 }
@@ -73,23 +89,15 @@ class ExplorerActivityDrop : BaseExplorerActivity() {
         }
     }
 
-    private fun onImported(failedItem: String?){
+    private fun onImported() {
         setCurrentPath(currentDirectoryPath)
-        if (failedItem == null) {
+        CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
-            CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
+            .setTitle(R.string.success_import)
-                    .setTitle(R.string.success_import)
+            .setMessage(R.string.success_import_msg)
-                    .setMessage(R.string.success_import_msg)
+            .setCancelable(false)
-                    .setCancelable(false)
+            .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok) { _, _ ->
-                    .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok){_, _ ->
+                finish()
-                        finish()
+            }
-                    }
+            .show()
-                    .show()
-        } else {
-            CustomAlertDialogBuilder(this, theme)
-                    .setTitle(R.string.error)
-                    .setMessage(getString(R.string.import_failed, failedItem))
-                    .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
-                    .show()
-        }
     }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/explorers/ExplorerActivityPick.kt

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class ExplorerActivityPick : BaseExplorerActivity() {
     private var isFinishingIntentionally = false
     override fun init() {
         setContentView(R.layout.activity_explorer_pick)
-        resultIntent.putExtra("volume", encryptedVolume)
+        resultIntent.putExtra("volumeId", volumeId)
     }
 
     override fun bindFileOperationService() {

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/explorers/ExplorerElement.kt

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
 import java.text.Collator
 
 class ExplorerElement(val name: String, val stat: Stat, val parentPath: String) {
-    val fullPath: String = PathUtils.pathJoin(parentPath, name)
+    val fullPath: String = PathUtils.pathJoin(parentPath.ifEmpty { "/" }, name)
     val collationKey = Collator.getInstance().getCollationKeyForFileName(fullPath)
 
     val isDirectory: Boolean

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/explorers/ExplorerRouter.kt

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.explorers
 
 import android.content.Context
 import android.content.Intent
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.IntentUtils
 
 class ExplorerRouter(private val context: Context, private val intent: Intent) {
@@ -16,7 +15,6 @@ class ExplorerRouter(private val context: Context, private val intent: Intent) {
             IntentUtils.forwardIntent(intent, explorerIntent)
         } else if (pickMode) {
             explorerIntent = Intent(context, ExplorerActivityPick::class.java)
-            explorerIntent.putExtra("destinationVolume", IntentUtils.getParcelableExtra<EncryptedVolume>(intent, "volume")!!)
             explorerIntent.flags = Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_FORWARD_RESULT
         }
         if (explorerIntent == null) {

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/file_operations/FileOperationNotification.kt

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_operations
-
-import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
-
-class FileOperationNotification(val notificationBuilder: NotificationCompat.Builder, val notificationId: Int)

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/file_operations/FileOperationService.kt

@@ -1,55 +1,182 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_operations
 
+import android.app.Notification
 import android.app.NotificationChannel
 import android.app.NotificationManager
 import android.app.PendingIntent
 import android.app.Service
+import android.content.ComponentName
+import android.content.Context
 import android.content.Intent
+import android.content.ServiceConnection
+import android.content.pm.ServiceInfo
 import android.net.Uri
 import android.os.Binder
 import android.os.Build
 import android.os.Bundle
 import android.os.IBinder
+import android.provider.Settings
+import android.util.Log
 import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
 import androidx.core.app.NotificationManagerCompat
+import androidx.core.app.ServiceCompat
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
 import androidx.documentfile.provider.DocumentFile
-import kotlinx.coroutines.*
+import androidx.lifecycle.DefaultLifecycleObserver
+import androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleOwner
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellationException
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Deferred
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
+import kotlinx.coroutines.MainScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.async
+import kotlinx.coroutines.coroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import kotlinx.coroutines.yield
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.BaseActivity
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Constants
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.NotificationBroadcastReceiver
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeManager
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeManagerApp
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.explorers.ExplorerElement
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.Stat
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.AndroidUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.ObjRef
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.Wiper
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
 import java.io.File
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException
+import kotlin.coroutines.resume
+import kotlin.coroutines.suspendCoroutine
 
+/**
+ * Foreground service for file operations.
+ *
+ * Clients **must** bind to it using the [bind] method.
+ *
+ * This implementation is not thread-safe. It must only be called from the main UI thread.
+ */
 class FileOperationService : Service() {
-    companion object {
-        const val NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID = "FileOperations"
-        const val ACTION_CANCEL = "file_operation_cancel"
-    }
-
-    private val binder = LocalBinder()
-    private lateinit var encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume
-    private lateinit var notificationManager: NotificationManagerCompat
-    private val tasks = HashMap<Int, Job>()
-    private var lastNotificationId = 0
 
     inner class LocalBinder : Binder() {
         fun getService(): FileOperationService = this@FileOperationService
-        fun setEncryptedVolume(volume: EncryptedVolume) {
+    }
-            encryptedVolume = volume
+
+    inner class PendingTask<T>(
+        val title: Int,
+        val total: Int?,
+        private val getTask: (Int) -> Deferred<T>,
+        private val onStart: (taskId: Int, job: Deferred<T>) -> Unit,
+    ) {
+        fun start(taskId: Int): Deferred<T> = getTask(taskId).also { onStart(taskId, it) }
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        const val TAG = "FileOperationService"
+        const val NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID = "FileOperations"
+        const val ACTION_CANCEL = "file_operation_cancel"
+
+        /**
+         * Bind to the service.
+         *
+         * Registers an [ActivityResultLauncher] in the provided activity to request notification permission. Consequently, the activity must not yet be started.
+         *
+         * The activity must stay running while calling the service's methods.
+         *
+         * If multiple activities bind simultaneously, only the latest one will be used by the service.
+         */
+        fun bind(activity: BaseActivity, onBound: (FileOperationService) -> Unit) {
+            val helper = AndroidUtils.NotificationPermissionHelper(activity)
+            lateinit var service: FileOperationService
+            val serviceConnection = object : ServiceConnection {
+                override fun onServiceConnected(className: ComponentName, binder: IBinder) {
+                    onBound((binder as FileOperationService.LocalBinder).getService().also {
+                        service = it
+                        it.notificationPermissionHelpers.addLast(helper)
+                    })
+                }
+                override fun onServiceDisconnected(arg0: ComponentName) {}
+            }
+            activity.lifecycle.addObserver(object : DefaultLifecycleObserver {
+                override fun onDestroy(owner: LifecycleOwner) {
+                    activity.unbindService(serviceConnection)
+                    service.notificationPermissionHelpers.removeLast()
+                }
+            })
+            activity.bindService(
+                Intent(activity, FileOperationService::class.java),
+                serviceConnection,
+                Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE
+            )
         }
     }
 
-    override fun onBind(p0: Intent?): IBinder {
+    private var isStarted = false
-        return binder
+    private val binder = LocalBinder()
+    private lateinit var volumeManger: VolumeManager
+    private var serviceScope = MainScope()
+    private val notificationPermissionHelpers = ArrayDeque<AndroidUtils.NotificationPermissionHelper<BaseActivity>>(2)
+    private var askForNotificationPermission = true
+    private lateinit var notificationManager: NotificationManagerCompat
+    private val notifications = HashMap<Int, NotificationCompat.Builder>()
+    private var foregroundNotificationId = -1
+    private val tasks = HashMap<Int, Job>()
+    private var newTaskId = 1
+    private var pendingTask: PendingTask<*>? = null
+
+    override fun onCreate() {
+        volumeManger = (application as VolumeManagerApp).volumeManager
     }
 
-    private fun showNotification(message: Int, total: Int?): FileOperationNotification {
+    override fun onBind(p0: Intent?): IBinder = binder
-        ++lastNotificationId
+
-        if (!::notificationManager.isInitialized){
+    override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent?, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
+        startPendingTask { id, notification ->
+            // on service start, the pending task is the foreground task
+            setForeground(id, notification)
+        }
+        isStarted = true
+        return START_NOT_STICKY
+    }
+
+    override fun onDestroy() {
+        isStarted = false
+    }
+
+    private fun processPendingTask() {
+        if (isStarted) {
+            startPendingTask { id, notification ->
+                if (foregroundNotificationId == -1) {
+                    // service started but not in foreground yet
+                    setForeground(id, notification)
+                } else {
+                    // already running in foreground, just add a new notification
+                    notificationManager.notify(id, notification)
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            ContextCompat.startForegroundService(
+                this,
+                Intent(this, FileOperationService::class.java)
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start the pending task and create an associated notification.
+     */
+    private fun startPendingTask(showNotification: (id: Int, Notification) -> Unit) {
+        val task = pendingTask
+        pendingTask = null
+        if (task == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Started without pending task")
+            return
+        }
+        if (!::notificationManager.isInitialized) {
             notificationManager = NotificationManagerCompat.from(this)
         }
         if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
@@ -62,77 +189,205 @@ class FileOperationService : Service() {
             )
         }
         val notificationBuilder = NotificationCompat.Builder(this, NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID)
-        notificationBuilder
+            .setContentTitle(getString(task.title))
-                .setContentTitle(getString(message))
+            .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_notification)
-                .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_notification)
+            .setOngoing(true)
-                .setOngoing(true)
+            .addAction(NotificationCompat.Action(
-                .addAction(NotificationCompat.Action(
+                R.drawable.icon_close,
-                    R.drawable.icon_close,
+                getString(R.string.cancel),
-                    getString(R.string.cancel),
+                PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
-                    PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
+                    this,
-                        this,
+                    newTaskId,
-                        0,
+                    Intent(this, NotificationBroadcastReceiver::class.java).apply {
-                        Intent(this, NotificationBroadcastReceiver::class.java).apply {
+                        putExtra("bundle", Bundle().apply {
-                            val bundle = Bundle()
+                            putBinder("binder", LocalBinder())
-                            bundle.putBinder("binder", LocalBinder())
+                            putInt("taskId", newTaskId)
-                            bundle.putInt("notificationId", lastNotificationId)
+                        })
-                            putExtra("bundle", bundle)
+                        action = ACTION_CANCEL
-                            action = ACTION_CANCEL
+                    },
-                        },
+                    PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE
-                        PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT or PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE
+                )
-                    )
+            ))
-                ))
+        if (task.total != null) {
-        if (total != null) {
             notificationBuilder
-                .setContentText("0/$total")
+                .setContentText("0/${task.total}")
-                .setProgress(total, 0, false)
+                .setProgress(task.total, 0, false)
         } else {
             notificationBuilder
                 .setContentText(getString(R.string.discovering_files))
                 .setProgress(0, 0, true)
         }
-        notificationManager.notify(lastNotificationId, notificationBuilder.build())
+        showNotification(newTaskId, notificationBuilder.build())
-        return FileOperationNotification(notificationBuilder, lastNotificationId)
+        notifications[newTaskId] = notificationBuilder
+        tasks[newTaskId] = task.start(newTaskId)
+        newTaskId++
     }
 
-    private fun updateNotificationProgress(notification: FileOperationNotification, progress: Int, total: Int){
+    private fun setForeground(id: Int, notification: Notification) {
-        notification.notificationBuilder
+        ServiceCompat.startForeground(this, id, notification,
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
+                ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_DATA_SYNC
+            } else {
+                0
+            }
+        )
+        foregroundNotificationId = id
+    }
+
+    private fun updateNotificationProgress(taskId: Int, progress: Int, total: Int) {
+        val notificationBuilder = notifications[taskId] ?: return
+        notificationBuilder
                 .setProgress(total, progress, false)
                 .setContentText("$progress/$total")
-        notificationManager.notify(notification.notificationId, notification.notificationBuilder.build())
+        notificationManager.notify(taskId, notificationBuilder.build())
     }
 
-    private fun cancelNotification(notification: FileOperationNotification){
+    fun cancelOperation(taskId: Int) {
-        notificationManager.cancel(notification.notificationId)
+        tasks[taskId]?.cancel()
     }
 
-    fun cancelOperation(notificationId: Int){
+    private fun getEncryptedVolume(volumeId: Int): EncryptedVolume {
-        tasks[notificationId]?.cancel()
+        return volumeManger.getVolume(volumeId) ?: throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid volumeId: $volumeId")
     }
 
-    class TaskResult<T>(val cancelled: Boolean, val failedItem: T?)
+    /**
-
+     *  Wait on a task, returning the appropriate [TaskResult].
-    private suspend fun <T> waitForTask(notification: FileOperationNotification, task: Deferred<T>): TaskResult<T> {
+     *
-        tasks[notification.notificationId] = task
+     *  This method also performs cleanup and foreground state management so it must be always used.
-        return try {
+     */
-            TaskResult(false, task.await())
+    private suspend fun <T> waitForTask(
-        } catch (e: CancellationException) {
+        taskId: Int,
-            TaskResult(true, null)
+        task: Deferred<T>,
-        } finally {
+        onCancelled: (suspend () -> Unit)?,
-            cancelNotification(notification)
+    ): TaskResult<out T> {
+        return coroutineScope {
+            withContext(serviceScope.coroutineContext) {
+                try {
+                    TaskResult.completed(task.await())
+                } catch (e: CancellationException) {
+                    onCancelled?.invoke()
+                    TaskResult.cancelled()
+                } catch (e: Throwable) {
+                    e.printStackTrace()
+                    TaskResult.error(e.localizedMessage)
+                } finally {
+                    notificationManager.cancel(taskId)
+                    notifications.remove(taskId)
+                    tasks.remove(taskId)
+                    if (tasks.size == 0) {
+                        // last task finished, remove from foreground state but don't stop the service
+                        ServiceCompat.stopForeground(this@FileOperationService, ServiceCompat.STOP_FOREGROUND_REMOVE)
+                        foregroundNotificationId = -1
+                    } else if (taskId == foregroundNotificationId) {
+                        // foreground task finished, falling back to the next one
+                        val entry = notifications.entries.first()
+                        setForeground(entry.key, entry.value.build())
+                    }
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 
-    private fun copyFile(srcPath: String, dstPath: String, remoteEncryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume = encryptedVolume): Boolean {
+    /**
+     * Create and run a new task until completion.
+     *
+     * Handles notification permission request, service startup and notification management.
+     *
+     * Overrides [pendingTask] without checking! (safe if user is not insanely fast)
+     */
+    private suspend fun <T> newTask(
+        title: Int,
+        total: Int?,
+        getTask: (taskId: Int) -> Deferred<T>,
+        onCancelled: (suspend () -> Unit)?,
+    ): TaskResult<out T> {
+        val startedTask = suspendCoroutine { continuation ->
+            val task = PendingTask(title, total, getTask) { taskId, job ->
+                continuation.resume(Pair(taskId, job))
+            }
+            pendingTask = task
+            if (askForNotificationPermission) {
+                with (notificationPermissionHelpers.last()) {
+                    askAndRun { granted ->
+                        if (granted) {
+                            processPendingTask()
+                        } else {
+                            CustomAlertDialogBuilder(activity, activity.theme)
+                                .setTitle(R.string.warning)
+                                .setMessage(R.string.notification_denied_msg)
+                                .setPositiveButton(R.string.settings) { _, _ ->
+                                    (application as VolumeManagerApp).isStartingExternalApp = true
+                                    activity.startActivity(
+                                        Intent(
+                                            Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS,
+                                            Uri.fromParts("package", packageName, null)
+                                        )
+                                    )
+                                }
+                                .setNegativeButton(R.string.later, null)
+                                .setOnDismissListener { processPendingTask() }
+                                .show()
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                askForNotificationPermission = false // only ask once per service instance
+                return@suspendCoroutine
+            }
+            processPendingTask()
+        }
+        return waitForTask(startedTask.first, startedTask.second, onCancelled)
+    }
+
+    private suspend fun <T> volumeTask(
+        title: Int,
+        total: Int?,
+        volumeId: Int,
+        task: suspend (taskId: Int, encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume) -> T
+    ): TaskResult<out T> {
+        return newTask(title, total, { taskId ->
+            volumeManger.getCoroutineScope(volumeId).async {
+                task(taskId, getEncryptedVolume(volumeId))
+            }
+        }, null)
+    }
+
+    private suspend fun <T> globalTask(
+        title: Int,
+        total: Int?,
+        task: suspend (taskId: Int) -> T,
+        onCancelled: (suspend () -> Unit)? = null,
+    ): TaskResult<out T> {
+        return newTask(title, total, { taskId ->
+            serviceScope.async(Dispatchers.IO) {
+                task(taskId)
+            }
+        }, if (onCancelled == null) {
+            null
+        } else {
+            {
+                serviceScope.launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
+                    onCancelled()
+                }
+            }
+        })
+    }
+
+    private suspend fun copyFile(
+        encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume,
+        srcPath: String,
+        dstPath: String,
+        srcEncryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume = encryptedVolume,
+    ): Boolean {
         var success = true
-        val srcFileHandle = remoteEncryptedVolume.openFileReadMode(srcPath)
+        val srcFileHandle = srcEncryptedVolume.openFileReadMode(srcPath)
         if (srcFileHandle != -1L) {
             val dstFileHandle = encryptedVolume.openFileWriteMode(dstPath)
             if (dstFileHandle != -1L) {
                 var offset: Long = 0
                 val ioBuffer = ByteArray(Constants.IO_BUFF_SIZE)
                 var length: Long
-                while (remoteEncryptedVolume.read(srcFileHandle, offset, ioBuffer, 0, ioBuffer.size.toLong()).also { length = it.toLong() } > 0) {
+                while (srcEncryptedVolume.read(srcFileHandle, offset, ioBuffer, 0, ioBuffer.size.toLong()).also { length = it.toLong() } > 0) {
+                    yield()
                     val written = encryptedVolume.write(dstFileHandle, offset, ioBuffer, 0, length).toLong()
                     if (written == length) {
                         offset += written
@@ -146,7 +401,7 @@ class FileOperationService : Service() {
             } else {
                 success = false
             }
-            remoteEncryptedVolume.closeFile(srcFileHandle)
+            srcEncryptedVolume.closeFile(srcFileHandle)
         } else {
             success = false
         }
@@ -154,41 +409,36 @@ class FileOperationService : Service() {
     }
 
     suspend fun copyElements(
-        items: ArrayList<OperationFile>,
+        volumeId: Int,
-        remoteEncryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume = encryptedVolume
+        items: List<OperationFile>,
-    ): String? = coroutineScope {
+        srcVolumeId: Int = volumeId,
-        val notification = showNotification(R.string.file_op_copy_msg, items.size)
+    ): TaskResult<out String?> {
-        val task = async {
+        val srcEncryptedVolume = getEncryptedVolume(srcVolumeId)
+        return volumeTask(R.string.file_op_copy_msg, items.size, volumeId) { taskId, encryptedVolume ->
             var failedItem: String? = null
-            for (i in 0 until items.size) {
+            for (i in items.indices) {
-                withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+                yield()
-                    if (items[i].isDirectory) {
+                if (items[i].isDirectory) {
-                        if (!encryptedVolume.pathExists(items[i].dstPath!!)) {
+                    if (!encryptedVolume.pathExists(items[i].dstPath!!)) {
-                            if (!encryptedVolume.mkdir(items[i].dstPath!!)) {
+                        if (!encryptedVolume.mkdir(items[i].dstPath!!)) {
-                                failedItem = items[i].srcPath
-                            }
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        if (!copyFile(items[i].srcPath, items[i].dstPath!!, remoteEncryptedVolume)) {
                             failedItem = items[i].srcPath
                         }
                     }
+                } else if (!copyFile(encryptedVolume, items[i].srcPath, items[i].dstPath!!, srcEncryptedVolume)) {
+                    failedItem = items[i].srcPath
                 }
                 if (failedItem == null) {
-                    updateNotificationProgress(notification, i+1, items.size)
+                    updateNotificationProgress(taskId, i+1, items.size)
                 } else {
                     break
                 }
             }
             failedItem
         }
-        // treat cancellation as success
-        waitForTask(notification, task).failedItem
     }
 
-    suspend fun moveElements(toMove: List<OperationFile>, toClean: List<String>): String? = coroutineScope {
+    suspend fun moveElements(volumeId: Int, toMove: List<OperationFile>, toClean: List<String>): TaskResult<out String?> {
-        val notification = showNotification(R.string.file_op_move_msg, toMove.size)
+        return volumeTask(R.string.file_op_move_msg, toMove.size, volumeId) { taskId, encryptedVolume ->
-        val task = async(Dispatchers.IO) {
             val total = toMove.size+toClean.size
             var failedItem: String? = null
             for ((i, item) in toMove.withIndex()) {
@@ -196,7 +446,7 @@ class FileOperationService : Service() {
                     failedItem = item.srcPath
                     break
                 } else {
-                    updateNotificationProgress(notification, i+1, total)
+                    updateNotificationProgress(taskId, i+1, total)
                 }
             }
             if (failedItem == null) {
@@ -205,34 +455,32 @@ class FileOperationService : Service() {
                         failedItem = folderPath
                         break
                     } else {
-                        updateNotificationProgress(notification, toMove.size+i+1, total)
+                        updateNotificationProgress(taskId, toMove.size+i+1, total)
                     }
                 }
             }
             failedItem
         }
-        // treat cancellation as success
-        waitForTask(notification, task).failedItem
     }
 
     private suspend fun importFilesFromUris(
+        encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume,
         dstPaths: List<String>,
         uris: List<Uri>,
-        notification: FileOperationNotification,
+        taskId: Int,
     ): String? {
         var failedIndex = -1
         for (i in dstPaths.indices) {
-            withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            yield()
-                try {
+            try {
-                    if (!encryptedVolume.importFile(this@FileOperationService, uris[i], dstPaths[i])) {
+                if (!encryptedVolume.importFile(this@FileOperationService, uris[i], dstPaths[i])) {
-                        failedIndex = i
-                    }
-                } catch (e: FileNotFoundException) {
                     failedIndex = i
                 }
+            } catch (e: FileNotFoundException) {
+                failedIndex = i
             }
             if (failedIndex == -1) {
-                updateNotificationProgress(notification, i+1, dstPaths.size)
+                updateNotificationProgress(taskId, i+1, dstPaths.size)
             } else {
                 return uris[failedIndex].toString()
             }
@@ -240,94 +488,75 @@ class FileOperationService : Service() {
         return null
     }
 
-    suspend fun importFilesFromUris(dstPaths: List<String>, uris: List<Uri>): TaskResult<String?> = coroutineScope {
+    suspend fun importFilesFromUris(volumeId: Int, dstPaths: List<String>, uris: List<Uri>): TaskResult<out String?> {
-        val notification = showNotification(R.string.file_op_import_msg, dstPaths.size)
+        return volumeTask(R.string.file_op_import_msg, dstPaths.size, volumeId) { taskId, encryptedVolume ->
-        val task = async {
+            importFilesFromUris(encryptedVolume, dstPaths, uris, taskId)
-            importFilesFromUris(dstPaths, uris, notification)
         }
-        waitForTask(notification, task)
     }
 
     /**
      * Map the content of an unencrypted directory to prepare its import
      *
      * Contents of dstFiles and srcUris, at the same index, will match each other
-     *
-     * @return false if cancelled early, true otherwise.
      */
-    private fun recursiveMapDirectoryForImport(
+    private suspend fun recursiveMapDirectoryForImport(
         rootSrcDir: DocumentFile,
         rootDstPath: String,
         dstFiles: ArrayList<String>,
         srcUris: ArrayList<Uri>,
         dstDirs: ArrayList<String>,
-        scope: CoroutineScope,
+    ) {
-    ): Boolean {
         dstDirs.add(rootDstPath)
         for (child in rootSrcDir.listFiles()) {
-            if (!scope.isActive) {
+            yield()
-                return false
-            }
             child.name?.let { name ->
                 val subPath = PathUtils.pathJoin(rootDstPath, name)
                 if (child.isDirectory) {
-                    if (!recursiveMapDirectoryForImport(child, subPath, dstFiles, srcUris, dstDirs, scope)) {
+                    recursiveMapDirectoryForImport(child, subPath, dstFiles, srcUris, dstDirs)
-                        return false
+                } else if (child.isFile) {
-                    }
-                }
-                else if (child.isFile) {
                     srcUris.add(child.uri)
                     dstFiles.add(subPath)
                 }
             }
         }
-        return true
     }
 
-    class ImportDirectoryResult(val taskResult: TaskResult<String?>, val uris: List<Uri>)
+    class ImportDirectoryResult(val taskResult: TaskResult<out String?>, val uris: List<Uri>)
 
     suspend fun importDirectory(
+        volumeId: Int,
         rootDstPath: String,
         rootSrcDir: DocumentFile,
-    ): ImportDirectoryResult = coroutineScope {
+    ): ImportDirectoryResult {
-        val notification = showNotification(R.string.file_op_import_msg, null)
         val srcUris = arrayListOf<Uri>()
-        val task = async {
+        return ImportDirectoryResult(volumeTask(R.string.file_op_import_msg, null, volumeId) { taskId, encryptedVolume ->
             var failedItem: String? = null
             val dstFiles = arrayListOf<String>()
             val dstDirs = arrayListOf<String>()
-
+            recursiveMapDirectoryForImport(rootSrcDir, rootDstPath, dstFiles, srcUris, dstDirs)
-            withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            // create destination folders so the new files can use them
-                if (!recursiveMapDirectoryForImport(rootSrcDir, rootDstPath, dstFiles, srcUris, dstDirs, this)) {
+            for (dir in dstDirs) {
-                    return@withContext
+                // if directory creation fails, check if it was already present
-                }
+                if (!encryptedVolume.mkdir(dir) && encryptedVolume.getAttr(dir)?.type != Stat.S_IFDIR) {
-
+                    failedItem = dir
-                // create destination folders so the new files can use them
+                    break
-                for (dir in dstDirs) {
-                    if (!encryptedVolume.mkdir(dir)) {
-                        failedItem = dir
-                        break
-                    }
                 }
             }
             if (failedItem == null) {
-                failedItem = importFilesFromUris(dstFiles, srcUris, notification)
+                failedItem = importFilesFromUris(encryptedVolume, dstFiles, srcUris, taskId)
             }
             failedItem
-        }
+        }, srcUris)
-        ImportDirectoryResult(waitForTask(notification, task), srcUris)
     }
 
-    suspend fun wipeUris(uris: List<Uri>, rootFile: DocumentFile? = null): String? = coroutineScope {
+    suspend fun wipeUris(uris: List<Uri>, rootFile: DocumentFile? = null): TaskResult<out String?> {
-        val notification = showNotification(R.string.file_op_wiping_msg, uris.size)
+        return globalTask(R.string.file_op_wiping_msg, uris.size, { taskId ->
-        val task = async {
             var errorMsg: String? = null
             for (i in uris.indices) {
-                withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+                yield()
-                    errorMsg = Wiper.wipe(this@FileOperationService, uris[i])
+                errorMsg = Wiper.wipe(this@FileOperationService, uris[i])
-                }
                 if (errorMsg == null) {
-                    updateNotificationProgress(notification, i+1, uris.size)
+                    updateNotificationProgress(taskId, i+1, uris.size)
                 } else {
                     break
                 }
@@ -336,12 +565,10 @@ class FileOperationService : Service() {
                 rootFile?.delete()
             }
             errorMsg
-        }
+        })
-        // treat cancellation as success
-        waitForTask(notification, task).failedItem
     }
 
-    private fun exportFileInto(srcPath: String, treeDocumentFile: DocumentFile): Boolean {
+    private fun exportFileInto(encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume, srcPath: String, treeDocumentFile: DocumentFile): Boolean {
         val outputStream = treeDocumentFile.createFile("*/*", File(srcPath).name)?.uri?.let {
             contentResolver.openOutputStream(it)
         }
@@ -352,25 +579,20 @@ class FileOperationService : Service() {
         }
     }
 
-    private fun recursiveExportDirectory(
+    private suspend fun recursiveExportDirectory(
+        encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume,
         plain_directory_path: String,
         treeDocumentFile: DocumentFile,
-        scope: CoroutineScope
     ): String? {
         treeDocumentFile.createDirectory(File(plain_directory_path).name)?.let { childTree ->
             val explorerElements = encryptedVolume.readDir(plain_directory_path) ?: return null
             for (e in explorerElements) {
-                if (!scope.isActive) {
+                yield()
-                    return null
-                }
                 val fullPath = PathUtils.pathJoin(plain_directory_path, e.name)
                 if (e.isDirectory) {
-                    val failedItem = recursiveExportDirectory(fullPath, childTree, scope)
+                    recursiveExportDirectory(encryptedVolume, fullPath, childTree)?.let { return it }
-                    failedItem?.let { return it }
+                } else if (!exportFileInto(encryptedVolume, fullPath, childTree)) {
-                } else {
+                    return fullPath
-                    if (!exportFileInto(fullPath, childTree)){
-                        return fullPath
-                    }
                 }
             }
             return null
@@ -378,84 +600,94 @@ class FileOperationService : Service() {
         return treeDocumentFile.name
     }
 
-    suspend fun exportFiles(uri: Uri, items: List<ExplorerElement>): TaskResult<String?> = coroutineScope {
+    suspend fun exportFiles(volumeId: Int, items: List<ExplorerElement>, uri: Uri): TaskResult<out String?> {
-        val notification = showNotification(R.string.file_op_export_msg, items.size)
+        return volumeTask(R.string.file_op_export_msg, items.size, volumeId) { taskId, encryptedVolume ->
-        val task = async {
-            contentResolver.takePersistableUriPermission(uri, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION)
             val treeDocumentFile = DocumentFile.fromTreeUri(this@FileOperationService, uri)!!
             var failedItem: String? = null
             for (i in items.indices) {
-                withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+                yield()
-                    failedItem = if (items[i].isDirectory) {
+                failedItem = if (items[i].isDirectory) {
-                        recursiveExportDirectory(items[i].fullPath, treeDocumentFile, this)
+                    recursiveExportDirectory(encryptedVolume, items[i].fullPath, treeDocumentFile)
+                } else {
+                    if (exportFileInto(encryptedVolume, items[i].fullPath, treeDocumentFile)) {
+                        null
                     } else {
-                        if (exportFileInto(items[i].fullPath, treeDocumentFile)) null else items[i].fullPath
+                        items[i].fullPath
                     }
                 }
                 if (failedItem == null) {
-                    updateNotificationProgress(notification, i+1, items.size)
+                    updateNotificationProgress(taskId, i+1, items.size)
                 } else {
                     break
                 }
             }
             failedItem
         }
-        waitForTask(notification, task)
     }
 
-    suspend fun removeElements(items: List<ExplorerElement>): String? = coroutineScope {
+    private suspend fun recursiveRemoveDirectory(encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume, path: String): String? {
-        val notification = showNotification(R.string.file_op_delete_msg, items.size)
+        encryptedVolume.readDir(path)?.let { elements ->
-        val task = async(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            for (e in elements) {
+                yield()
+                val fullPath = PathUtils.pathJoin(path, e.name)
+                if (e.isDirectory) {
+                    recursiveRemoveDirectory(encryptedVolume, fullPath)?.let { return it }
+                } else if (!encryptedVolume.deleteFile(fullPath)) {
+                    return fullPath
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return if (!encryptedVolume.rmdir(path)) {
+            path
+        } else {
+            null
+        }
+    }
+
+    suspend fun removeElements(volumeId: Int, items: List<ExplorerElement>): String? {
+        return volumeTask(R.string.file_op_delete_msg, items.size, volumeId) { taskId, encryptedVolume ->
             var failedItem: String? = null
             for ((i, element) in items.withIndex()) {
+                yield()
                 if (element.isDirectory) {
-                    val result = encryptedVolume.recursiveRemoveDirectory(element.fullPath)
+                    recursiveRemoveDirectory(encryptedVolume, element.fullPath)?.let { failedItem = it }
-                    result?.let { failedItem = it }
+                } else if (!encryptedVolume.deleteFile(element.fullPath)) {
-                } else {
+                    failedItem = element.fullPath
-                    if (!encryptedVolume.deleteFile(element.fullPath)) {
-                        failedItem = element.fullPath
-                    }
                 }
                 if (failedItem == null) {
-                    updateNotificationProgress(notification, i + 1, items.size)
+                    updateNotificationProgress(taskId, i + 1, items.size)
                 } else {
                     break
                 }
             }
             failedItem
-        }
+        }.failedItem // treat cancellation as success
-        waitForTask(notification, task).failedItem
     }
 
-    private fun recursiveCountChildElements(rootDirectory: DocumentFile, scope: CoroutineScope): Int {
+    private suspend fun recursiveCountChildElements(rootDirectory: DocumentFile): Int {
-        if (!scope.isActive) {
+        yield()
-            return 0
-        }
         val children = rootDirectory.listFiles()
         var count = children.size
         for (child in children) {
             if (child.isDirectory) {
-                count += recursiveCountChildElements(child, scope)
+                count += recursiveCountChildElements(child)
             }
         }
         return count
     }
 
-    private fun recursiveCopyVolume(
+    private suspend fun recursiveCopyVolume(
         src: DocumentFile,
         dst: DocumentFile,
         dstRootDirectory: ObjRef<DocumentFile?>?,
-        notification: FileOperationNotification,
+        taskId: Int,
         total: Int,
-        scope: CoroutineScope,
         progress: ObjRef<Int> = ObjRef(0)
     ): DocumentFile? {
         val dstDir = dst.createDirectory(src.name ?: return src) ?: return src
         dstRootDirectory?.let { it.value = dstDir }
         for (child in src.listFiles()) {
-            if (!scope.isActive) {
+            yield()
-                return null
-            }
             if (child.isFile) {
                 val dstFile = dstDir.createFile("", child.name ?: return child) ?: return child
                 val outputStream = contentResolver.openOutputStream(dstFile.uri)
@@ -466,29 +698,25 @@ class FileOperationService : Service() {
                 inputStream.close()
                 if (written != child.length()) return child
             } else {
-                recursiveCopyVolume(child, dstDir, null, notification, total, scope, progress)?.let { return it }
+                recursiveCopyVolume(child, dstDir, null, taskId, total, progress)?.let { return it }
             }
             progress.value++
-            updateNotificationProgress(notification, progress.value, total)
+            updateNotificationProgress(taskId, progress.value, total)
         }
         return null
     }
 
-    class CopyVolumeResult(val taskResult: TaskResult<DocumentFile?>, val dstRootDirectory: DocumentFile?)
+    class CopyVolumeResult(val taskResult: TaskResult<out DocumentFile?>, val dstRootDirectory: DocumentFile?)
 
-    suspend fun copyVolume(src: DocumentFile, dst: DocumentFile): CopyVolumeResult = coroutineScope {
+    suspend fun copyVolume(src: DocumentFile, dst: DocumentFile): CopyVolumeResult {
-        val notification = showNotification(R.string.copy_volume_notification, null)
         val dstRootDirectory = ObjRef<DocumentFile?>(null)
-        val task = async(Dispatchers.IO) {
+        val result = globalTask(R.string.copy_volume_notification, null, { taskId ->
-            val total = recursiveCountChildElements(src, this)
+            val total = recursiveCountChildElements(src)
-            if (isActive) {
+            updateNotificationProgress(taskId, 0, total)
-                updateNotificationProgress(notification, 0, total)
+            recursiveCopyVolume(src, dst, dstRootDirectory, taskId, total)
-                recursiveCopyVolume(src, dst, dstRootDirectory, notification, total, this)
+        }, {
-            } else {
+            dstRootDirectory.value?.delete()
-                null
+        })
-            }
+        return CopyVolumeResult(result, dstRootDirectory.value)
-        }
-        // treat cancellation as success
-        CopyVolumeResult(waitForTask(notification, task), dstRootDirectory.value)
     }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/file_operations/NotificationBroadcastReceiver.kt

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_operations
-
-import android.content.BroadcastReceiver
-import android.content.Context
-import android.content.Intent
-
-class NotificationBroadcastReceiver: BroadcastReceiver() {
-    override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
-        if (intent.action == FileOperationService.ACTION_CANCEL){
-            intent.getBundleExtra("bundle")?.let { bundle ->
-                (bundle.getBinder("binder") as FileOperationService.LocalBinder?)?.let { binder ->
-                    val notificationId = bundle.getInt("notificationId")
-                    val service = binder.getService()
-                    service.cancelOperation(notificationId)
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/file_operations/TaskResult.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_operations
+
+import android.content.Context
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Theme
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
+
+class TaskResult<T> private constructor(val state: State, val failedItem: T?, val errorMessage: String?) {
+    enum class State {
+        SUCCESS,
+        /**
+         * Task completed but failed
+         */
+        FAILED,
+        /**
+         * Task thrown an exception
+         */
+        ERROR,
+        CANCELLED,
+    }
+
+    fun showErrorAlertDialog(context: Context, theme: Theme) {
+        CustomAlertDialogBuilder(context, theme)
+            .setTitle(R.string.error)
+            .setMessage(context.getString(R.string.task_failed, errorMessage))
+            .setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, null)
+            .show()
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        fun <T> completed(failedItem: T?): TaskResult<T> {
+            return if (failedItem == null) {
+                TaskResult(State.SUCCESS, null, null)
+            } else {
+                TaskResult(State.FAILED, failedItem, null)
+            }
+        }
+
+        fun <T> error(errorMessage: String?): TaskResult<T> {
+            return TaskResult(State.ERROR, null, errorMessage)
+        }
+
+        fun <T> cancelled(): TaskResult<T> {
+            return TaskResult(State.CANCELLED, null, null)
+        }
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/file_viewers/AudioPlayer.kt

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_viewers
 
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ExoPlayer
+import androidx.annotation.OptIn
+import androidx.media3.common.util.UnstableApi
+import androidx.media3.exoplayer.ExoPlayer
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.databinding.ActivityAudioPlayerBinding
 
+@OptIn(UnstableApi::class)
 class AudioPlayer: MediaPlayer(){
     private lateinit var binding: ActivityAudioPlayerBinding
 

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/file_viewers/EncryptedVolumeDataSource.kt

@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_viewers
 
 import android.net.Uri
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.C
+import androidx.media3.common.C
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.DataSource
+import androidx.annotation.OptIn
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.DataSpec
+import androidx.media3.common.util.UnstableApi
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.TransferListener
+import androidx.media3.datasource.DataSource
+import androidx.media3.datasource.DataSpec
+import androidx.media3.datasource.TransferListener
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Constants
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
 import kotlin.math.min
 
-class EncryptedVolumeDataSource(private val encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume, private val filePath: String): DataSource {
+@OptIn(UnstableApi::class)
+class EncryptedVolumeDataSource(private val encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume, private val filePath: String):
+    DataSource {
     private var fileHandle = -1L
     private var fileOffset: Long = 0
     private var bytesRemaining: Long = -1

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/file_viewers/FileViewerActivity.kt

@@ -18,10 +18,12 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.BaseActivity
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.FileTypes
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeManagerApp
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.explorers.ExplorerElement
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.IntentUtils
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.finishOnClose
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
 
 abstract class FileViewerActivity: BaseActivity() {
@@ -40,7 +42,10 @@ abstract class FileViewerActivity: BaseActivity() {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
         filePath = intent.getStringExtra("path")!!
         originalParentPath = PathUtils.getParentPath(filePath)
-        encryptedVolume = IntentUtils.getParcelableExtra(intent, "volume")!!
+        encryptedVolume = (application as VolumeManagerApp).volumeManager.getVolume(
+            intent.getIntExtra("volumeId", -1)
+        )!!
+        finishOnClose(encryptedVolume)
         foldersFirst = sharedPrefs.getBoolean("folders_first", true)
         windowInsetsController = WindowInsetsControllerCompat(window, window.decorView)
         windowInsetsController.addOnControllableInsetsChangedListener { _, typeMask ->
@@ -173,11 +178,4 @@ abstract class FileViewerActivity: BaseActivity() {
     protected fun goBackToExplorer() {
         finish()
     }
-
-    override fun onResume() {
-        super.onResume()
-        if (encryptedVolume.isClosed()) {
-            finish()
-        }
-    }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/file_viewers/MediaPlayer.kt

@@ -1,16 +1,22 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_viewers
 
 import android.view.WindowManager
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.*
+import androidx.annotation.OptIn
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.extractor.DefaultExtractorsFactory
+import androidx.media3.common.MediaItem
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.MediaSource
+import androidx.media3.common.PlaybackException
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.ProgressiveMediaSource
+import androidx.media3.common.Player
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.video.VideoSize
+import androidx.media3.common.VideoSize
+import androidx.media3.common.util.UnstableApi
+import androidx.media3.exoplayer.ExoPlayer
+import androidx.media3.exoplayer.source.MediaSource
+import androidx.media3.exoplayer.source.ProgressiveMediaSource
+import androidx.media3.extractor.DefaultExtractorsFactory
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Constants
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets.CustomAlertDialogBuilder
 import java.io.File
 
+@OptIn(UnstableApi::class)
 abstract class MediaPlayer: FileViewerActivity() {
     private lateinit var player: ExoPlayer
 

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/file_viewers/VideoPlayer.kt

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.file_viewers
 import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo
 import android.content.res.Configuration
 import android.view.View
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ExoPlayer
+import androidx.media3.exoplayer.ExoPlayer
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ui.StyledPlayerView
+import androidx.media3.ui.PlayerView
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.databinding.ActivityVideoPlayerBinding
 
 class VideoPlayer: MediaPlayer() {
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class VideoPlayer: MediaPlayer() {
         setContentView(binding.root)
         applyNavigationBarMargin(binding.root)
         binding.videoPlayer.doubleTapOverlay = binding.doubleTapOverlay
-        binding.videoPlayer.setControllerVisibilityListener(StyledPlayerView.ControllerVisibilityListener { visibility ->
+        binding.videoPlayer.setControllerVisibilityListener(PlayerView.ControllerVisibilityListener { visibility ->
             binding.topBar.visibility = visibility
             if (visibility == View.VISIBLE) {
                 showPartialSystemUi()

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/filesystems/CryfsVolume.kt

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems
 
-import android.os.Parcel
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Constants
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.explorers.ExplorerElement
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.ObjRef
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ class CryfsVolume(private val fusePtr: Long): EncryptedVolume() {
             givenHash: ByteArray?,
             returnedHash: ObjRef<ByteArray?>?,
             createBaseDir: Boolean,
-            cipher: String?
+            cipher: String?,
+            errorCode: ObjRef<Int?>,
         ): Long
         private external fun nativeChangeEncryptionKey(
             baseDir: String,
@@ -58,22 +59,34 @@ class CryfsVolume(private val fusePtr: Long): EncryptedVolume() {
             returnedHash: ObjRef<ByteArray?>?,
             createBaseDir: Boolean,
             cipher: String?
-        ): CryfsVolume? {
+        ): InitResult {
-            val fusePtr = nativeInit(baseDir, localStateDir, password, givenHash, returnedHash, createBaseDir, cipher)
+            val errorCode = ObjRef<Int?>(null)
-            return if (fusePtr == 0L) {
+            val fusePtr = nativeInit(baseDir, localStateDir, password, givenHash, returnedHash, createBaseDir, cipher, errorCode)
-                null
+            val result = InitResult.Builder()
+            if (fusePtr == 0L) {
+                result.errorCode = errorCode.value ?: 0
+                result.errorStringId = when (errorCode.value) {
+                    // Values from src/cryfs/impl/ErrorCodes.h
+                    11 -> {
+                        result.worthRetry = true
+                        R.string.wrong_password
+                    }
+                    16 -> R.string.inaccessible_base_dir
+                    19 -> R.string.config_load_error
+                    20 -> R.string.filesystem_id_changed
+                    else -> 0
+                }
             } else {
-                CryfsVolume(fusePtr)
+                result.volume = CryfsVolume(fusePtr)
             }
+            return result.build()
         }
 
-        fun create(baseDir: String, localStateDir: String, password: ByteArray, returnedHash: ObjRef<ByteArray?>?, cipher: String?, volume: ObjRef<EncryptedVolume?>): Boolean {
+        fun create(baseDir: String, localStateDir: String, password: ByteArray, returnedHash: ObjRef<ByteArray?>?, cipher: String?): EncryptedVolume? {
-            return init(baseDir, localStateDir, password, null, returnedHash, true, cipher)?.also {
+            return init(baseDir, localStateDir, password, null, returnedHash, true, cipher).volume
-                volume.value = it
-            } != null
         }
 
-        fun init(baseDir: String, localStateDir: String, password: ByteArray?, givenHash: ByteArray?, returnedHash: ObjRef<ByteArray?>?): CryfsVolume? {
+        fun init(baseDir: String, localStateDir: String, password: ByteArray?, givenHash: ByteArray?, returnedHash: ObjRef<ByteArray?>?): InitResult {
             return init(baseDir, localStateDir, password, givenHash, returnedHash, false, null)
         }
 
@@ -87,13 +100,6 @@ class CryfsVolume(private val fusePtr: Long): EncryptedVolume() {
         }
     }
 
-    constructor(parcel: Parcel) : this(parcel.readLong())
-
-    override fun writeToParcel(parcel: Parcel, flags: Int) = with(parcel) {
-        writeByte(CRYFS_VOLUME_TYPE)
-        writeLong(fusePtr)
-    }
-
     override fun openFileReadMode(path: String): Long {
         return nativeOpen(fusePtr, path, 0)
     }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/filesystems/EncryptedVolume.kt

@@ -2,35 +2,47 @@ package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems
 
 import android.content.Context
 import android.net.Uri
-import android.os.Parcel
-import android.os.Parcelable
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Constants
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.VolumeData
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.explorers.ExplorerElement
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.ObjRef
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.PathUtils
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.Observable
 import java.io.File
 import java.io.FileOutputStream
 import java.io.InputStream
 import java.io.OutputStream
 
-abstract class EncryptedVolume: Parcelable {
+abstract class EncryptedVolume: Observable<EncryptedVolume.Observer>() {
+
+    interface Observer {
+        fun onClose()
+    }
+
+    class InitResult(
+        val errorCode: Int,
+        val errorStringId: Int,
+        val worthRetry: Boolean,
+        val volume: EncryptedVolume?,
+    ) {
+        class Builder {
+            var errorCode = 0
+            var errorStringId = 0
+            var worthRetry = false
+            var volume: EncryptedVolume? = null
+
+            fun build() = InitResult(errorCode, errorStringId, worthRetry, volume)
+        }
+    }
+
     companion object {
         const val GOCRYPTFS_VOLUME_TYPE: Byte = 0
         const val CRYFS_VOLUME_TYPE: Byte = 1
 
-        @JvmField
+        /**
-        val CREATOR = object : Parcelable.Creator<EncryptedVolume> {
+         * Get the type of a volume.
-            override fun createFromParcel(parcel: Parcel): EncryptedVolume {
+         *
-                return when (parcel.readByte()) {
+         * @return The volume type or -1 if the path is not recognized as a volume
-                    GOCRYPTFS_VOLUME_TYPE -> GocryptfsVolume(parcel)
+         */
-                    CRYFS_VOLUME_TYPE -> CryfsVolume(parcel)
-                    else -> throw invalidVolumeType()
-                }
-            }
-            override fun newArray(size: Int) = arrayOfNulls<EncryptedVolume>(size)
-        }
-
         fun getVolumeType(path: String): Byte {
             return if (File(path, GocryptfsVolume.CONFIG_FILE_NAME).isFile) {
                 GOCRYPTFS_VOLUME_TYPE
@@ -47,7 +59,7 @@ abstract class EncryptedVolume: Parcelable {
             password: ByteArray?,
             givenHash: ByteArray?,
             returnedHash: ObjRef<ByteArray?>?
-        ): EncryptedVolume? {
+        ): InitResult {
             return when (volume.type) {
                 GOCRYPTFS_VOLUME_TYPE -> {
                     GocryptfsVolume.init(
@@ -71,8 +83,6 @@ abstract class EncryptedVolume: Parcelable {
         }
     }
 
-    override fun describeContents() = 0
-
     abstract fun openFileReadMode(path: String): Long
     abstract fun openFileWriteMode(path: String): Long
     abstract fun read(fileHandle: Long, fileOffset: Long, buffer: ByteArray, dstOffset: Long, length: Long): Int
@@ -86,9 +96,14 @@ abstract class EncryptedVolume: Parcelable {
     abstract fun rmdir(path: String): Boolean
     abstract fun getAttr(path: String): Stat?
     abstract fun rename(srcPath: String, dstPath: String): Boolean
-    abstract fun close()
+    protected abstract fun close()
     abstract fun isClosed(): Boolean
 
+    fun closeVolume() {
+        observers.forEach { it.onClose() }
+        close()
+    }
+
     fun pathExists(path: String): Boolean {
         return getAttr(path) != null
     }
@@ -139,7 +154,6 @@ abstract class EncryptedVolume: Parcelable {
                 if (written == length) {
                     offset += written
                 } else {
-                    inputStream.close()
                     success = false
                     break
                 }
@@ -202,25 +216,4 @@ abstract class EncryptedVolume: Parcelable {
         }
         return result
     }
-
-    fun recursiveRemoveDirectory(path: String): String? {
-        readDir(path)?.let { elements ->
-            for (e in elements) {
-                val fullPath = PathUtils.pathJoin(path, e.name)
-                if (e.isDirectory) {
-                    val result = recursiveRemoveDirectory(fullPath)
-                    result?.let { return it }
-                } else {
-                    if (!deleteFile(fullPath)) {
-                        return fullPath
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return if (!rmdir(path)) {
-            path
-        } else {
-            null
-        }
-    }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/filesystems/GocryptfsVolume.kt

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems
 
-import android.os.Parcel
 import android.util.Log
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.explorers.ExplorerElement
 import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util.ObjRef
 import kotlin.math.min
@@ -75,13 +75,23 @@ class GocryptfsVolume(private val sessionID: Int): EncryptedVolume() {
             }
         }
 
-        fun init(root_cipher_dir: String, password: ByteArray?, givenHash: ByteArray?, returnedHash: ByteArray?): GocryptfsVolume? {
+        fun init(root_cipher_dir: String, password: ByteArray?, givenHash: ByteArray?, returnedHash: ByteArray?): InitResult {
             val sessionId = nativeInit(root_cipher_dir, password, givenHash, returnedHash)
-            return if (sessionId == -1) {
+            val result = InitResult.Builder()
-                null
+            if (sessionId < 0) {
+                result.errorCode = sessionId
+                result.errorStringId = when (sessionId) {
+                    -1 -> R.string.config_load_error
+                    -2 -> {
+                        result.worthRetry = true
+                        R.string.wrong_password
+                    }
+                    else -> 0
+                }
             } else {
-                GocryptfsVolume(sessionId)
+                result.volume = GocryptfsVolume(sessionId)
             }
+            return result.build()
         }
 
         init {
@@ -89,8 +99,6 @@ class GocryptfsVolume(private val sessionID: Int): EncryptedVolume() {
         }
     }
 
-    constructor(parcel: Parcel) : this(parcel.readInt())
-
     override fun openFileReadMode(path: String): Long {
         return native_open_read_mode(sessionID, path).toLong()
     }
@@ -111,11 +119,6 @@ class GocryptfsVolume(private val sessionID: Int): EncryptedVolume() {
         return native_get_attr(sessionID, path)
     }
 
-    override fun writeToParcel(parcel: Parcel, flags: Int) = with(parcel) {
-        writeByte(GOCRYPTFS_VOLUME_TYPE)
-        writeInt(sessionID)
-    }
-
     override fun close() {
         native_close(sessionID)
     }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/filesystems/Stat.kt

@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems
 
-class Stat(val type: Int, var size: Long, val mTime: Long) {
+class Stat(mode: Int, var size: Long, val mTime: Long) {
     companion object {
+        private const val S_IFMT = 0xF000
         const val S_IFDIR = 0x4000
         const val S_IFREG = 0x8000
         const val S_IFLNK = 0xA000
-        const val PARENT_FOLDER_TYPE = -1
+        const val PARENT_FOLDER_TYPE = 0xE000
 
         fun parentFolderStat(): Stat {
             return Stat(PARENT_FOLDER_TYPE, -1, -1)
         }
     }
+
+    val type = mode and S_IFMT
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/util/AndroidUtils.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util
+
+import android.Manifest
+import android.app.Activity
+import android.app.ActivityManager
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.SharedPreferences
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager
+import android.os.Build
+import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts
+import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import androidx.preference.PreferenceManager
+import kotlin.reflect.KProperty
+
+object AndroidUtils {
+    fun isServiceRunning(context: Context, serviceClass: Class<*>): Boolean {
+        val manager = context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE) as ActivityManager
+        @Suppress("DEPRECATION")
+        for (service in manager.getRunningServices(Int.MAX_VALUE)) {
+            if (serviceClass.name == service.service.className) {
+                return true
+            }
+        }
+        return false
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A [Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS] permission helper.
+     *
+     * Must be initialized before [Activity.onCreate].
+     */
+    class NotificationPermissionHelper<out A: AppCompatActivity>(val activity: A) {
+        private var listener: ((Boolean) -> Unit)? = null
+        private val launcher = activity.registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission()) { granted ->
+            listener?.invoke(granted)
+            listener = null
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Ask for notification permission if required and run the provided callback.
+         *
+         * The callback is run as soon as the user dismisses the permission dialog,
+         * no matter if the permission has been granted or not.
+         *
+         * If this function is called again before the user answered the dialog from the
+         * previous call, the previous callback won't be triggered.
+         *
+         * @param onDialogDismiss argument set to `true` if the permission is granted or
+         * not required, `false` otherwise
+         */
+        fun askAndRun(onDialogDismiss: (Boolean) -> Unit) {
+            assert(listener == null)
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
+                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+                    listener = onDialogDismiss
+                    launcher.launch(Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS)
+                    return
+                }
+            }
+            onDialogDismiss(true)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Property delegate mirroring the state of a boolean value in shared preferences.
+     *
+     * [init] **must** be called before accessing the delegated property.
+     */
+    class LiveBooleanPreference(
+        private val key: String,
+        private val defaultValue: Boolean = false,
+        private val onChange: ((value: Boolean) -> Unit)? = null
+    ) {
+        private lateinit var sharedPreferences: SharedPreferences
+        private var value = defaultValue
+        private val listener = SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener { _, key ->
+            if (key == this.key) {
+                reload()
+                onChange?.invoke(value)
+            }
+        }
+
+        fun init(context: Context) = init(PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context))
+
+        fun init(sharedPreferences: SharedPreferences) {
+            this.sharedPreferences = sharedPreferences
+            reload()
+            sharedPreferences.registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(listener)
+        }
+
+        private fun reload() {
+            value = sharedPreferences.getBoolean(key, defaultValue)
+        }
+
+        operator fun getValue(thisRef: Any, property: KProperty<*>) = value
+
+        companion object {
+            fun init(context: Context, vararg liveBooleanPreferences: LiveBooleanPreference) {
+                init(PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context), *liveBooleanPreferences)
+            }
+
+            fun init(sharedPreferences: SharedPreferences, vararg liveBooleanPreferences: LiveBooleanPreference) {
+                for (i in liveBooleanPreferences) {
+                    i.init(sharedPreferences)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/util/Compat.kt

@@ -13,4 +13,11 @@ object Compat {
             bundle.getParcelable(name)
         }
     }
+
+   val MEMFD_CREATE_MINIMUM_KERNEL_VERSION = Version("3.17")
+
+    fun isMemFileSupported(): Boolean {
+        val kernel = System.getProperty("os.version") ?: return false
+        return Version(kernel) >= MEMFD_CREATE_MINIMUM_KERNEL_VERSION
+    }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/util/Observable.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util
+
+import android.app.Activity
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.filesystems.EncryptedVolume
+
+abstract class Observable<T> {
+    protected val observers = mutableListOf<T>()
+
+    fun observe(observer: T) {
+        observers.add(observer)
+    }
+}
+
+fun Activity.finishOnClose(encryptedVolume: EncryptedVolume) {
+    encryptedVolume.observe(object : EncryptedVolume.Observer {
+        override fun onClose() {
+            finish()
+            // no need to remove observer as the EncryptedVolume will be destroyed
+        }
+    })
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/util/PathUtils.kt

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util
 import android.content.ActivityNotFoundException
 import android.content.Context
 import android.net.Uri
+import android.os.Build
 import android.os.Environment
 import android.os.storage.StorageManager
 import android.provider.DocumentsContract
@@ -111,24 +112,27 @@ object PathUtils {
             }
         }
         Log.d(PATH_RESOLVER_TAG, "getExternalFilesDirs failed")
-        try {
+        // Don't risk to be killed by SELinux on newer Android versions
-            val process = ProcessBuilder("mount").redirectErrorStream(true).start().apply { waitFor() }
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
-            process.inputStream.readBytes().decodeToString().split("\n").forEach { line ->
+            try {
-                if (line.startsWith("/dev/block/vold")) {
+                val process = ProcessBuilder("mount").redirectErrorStream(true).start().apply { waitFor() }
-                    Log.d(PATH_RESOLVER_TAG, "mount: $line")
+                process.inputStream.readBytes().decodeToString().split("\n").forEach { line ->
-                    val fields = line.split(" ")
+                    if (line.startsWith("/dev/block/vold")) {
-                    if (fields.size >= 3) {
+                        Log.d(PATH_RESOLVER_TAG, "mount: $line")
-                        val path = fields[2]
+                        val fields = line.split(" ")
-                        if (File(path).name == name) {
+                        if (fields.size >= 3) {
-                            return path
+                            val path = fields[2]
+                            if (File(path).name == name) {
+                                return path
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                 }
+            } catch (e: Exception) {
+                e.printStackTrace()
             }
-        } catch (e: Exception) {
+            Log.d(PATH_RESOLVER_TAG, "mount processing failed")
-            e.printStackTrace()
         }
-        Log.d(PATH_RESOLVER_TAG, "mount processing failed")
         return null
     }
 

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/util/UIUtils.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.view.Menu
+import android.widget.EditText
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
+import java.nio.CharBuffer
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets
+import java.util.*
+
+object UIUtils {
+    fun encodeEditTextContent(editText: EditText): ByteArray {
+        val charArray = CharArray(editText.text.length)
+        editText.text.getChars(0, editText.text.length, charArray, 0)
+        val byteBuffer = StandardCharsets.UTF_8.encode(CharBuffer.wrap(charArray))
+        Arrays.fill(charArray, Char.MIN_VALUE)
+        val byteArray = ByteArray(byteBuffer.remaining())
+        byteBuffer.get(byteArray)
+        Wiper.wipe(byteBuffer)
+        return byteArray
+    }
+
+    class MenuIconColor(
+        private val context: Context,
+        private val menu: Menu,
+        private val color: Int
+    ) {
+        fun applyTo(menuItemId: Int, drawableId: Int) {
+            menu.findItem(menuItemId)?.let {
+                it.icon = ContextCompat.getDrawable(context, drawableId)?.apply {
+                    setTint(color)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun getMenuIconNeutralTint(context: Context, menu: Menu) = MenuIconColor(
+        context, menu,
+        ContextCompat.getColor(context, R.color.neutralIconTint),
+    )
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/util/Version.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util
+
+import java.lang.Integer.max
+
+class Version(inputVersion: String) : Comparable<Version> {
+    private val version: String
+
+    init {
+        val regex = "[0-9]+(\\.[0-9]+)*".toRegex()
+        val match = regex.find(inputVersion) ?: throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid version format")
+        version = match.value
+    }
+
+    fun split() = version.split(".").toTypedArray()
+
+    override fun compareTo(other: Version) =
+        (split() to other.split()).let { (split, otherSplit) ->
+            val length = max(split.size, otherSplit.size)
+            for (i in 0 until length) {
+                val part = if (i < split.size) split[i].toInt() else 0
+                val otherPart = if (i < otherSplit.size) otherSplit[i].toInt() else 0
+                if (part < otherPart) return -1
+                if (part > otherPart) return 1
+            }
+            0
+        }
+
+    override fun toString() = version
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/util/WidgetUtil.kt

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.util
-
-import android.widget.EditText
-import java.nio.CharBuffer
-import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets
-import java.util.*
-
-object WidgetUtil {
-    fun encodeEditTextContent(editText: EditText): ByteArray {
-        val charArray = CharArray(editText.text.length)
-        editText.text.getChars(0, editText.text.length, charArray, 0)
-        val byteBuffer = StandardCharsets.UTF_8.encode(CharBuffer.wrap(charArray))
-        Arrays.fill(charArray, Char.MIN_VALUE)
-        val byteArray = ByteArray(byteBuffer.remaining())
-        byteBuffer.get(byteArray)
-        Wiper.wipe(byteBuffer)
-        return byteArray
-    }
-}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/video_recording/AsynchronousSeekableWriter.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.video_recording
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.channels.Channel
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.Constants
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer
+
+class AsynchronousSeekableWriter(private val internalWriter: SeekableWriter): SeekableWriter {
+
+    internal enum class Operation { WRITE, SEEK, CLOSE }
+
+    internal class Task(
+        val operation: Operation,
+        val buffer: ByteArray? = null,
+        val offset: Long? = null,
+    )
+
+    private val channel = Channel<Task>(Channel.UNLIMITED)
+
+    private fun flush(buffer: ByteBuffer) {
+        internalWriter.write(buffer.array(), buffer.position())
+        buffer.position(0)
+    }
+
+    fun start() {
+        CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO).launch {
+            val buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(Constants.IO_BUFF_SIZE)
+            while (true) {
+                val task = channel.receive()
+                when (task.operation) {
+                    Operation.WRITE -> {
+                        if (task.buffer!!.size > buffer.remaining()) {
+                            flush(buffer)
+                        }
+                        buffer.put(task.buffer)
+                    }
+                    Operation.SEEK -> {
+                        if (buffer.position() > 0) {
+                            flush(buffer)
+                        }
+                        internalWriter.seek(task.offset!!)
+                    }
+                    Operation.CLOSE -> {
+                        if (buffer.position() > 0) {
+                            flush(buffer)
+                        }
+                        internalWriter.close()
+                        break
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun write(buffer: ByteArray, size: Int) {
+        channel.trySend(Task(Operation.WRITE, buffer)).exceptionOrNull()?.let { throw it }
+    }
+
+    override fun seek(offset: Long) {
+        channel.trySend(Task(Operation.SEEK, offset = offset)).exceptionOrNull()?.let { throw it }
+    }
+
+    override fun close() {
+        channel.trySend(Task(Operation.CLOSE)).exceptionOrNull()?.let { throw it }
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/video_recording/FFmpegMuxer.kt

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import java.nio.ByteBuffer
 
 class FFmpegMuxer(val writer: SeekableWriter): MediaMuxer {
     external fun allocContext(): Long
-    external fun addVideoTrack(formatContext: Long, bitrate: Int, width: Int, height: Int, orientationHint: Int): Int
+    external fun addVideoTrack(formatContext: Long, bitrate: Int, frameRate: Int, width: Int, height: Int, orientationHint: Int): Int
     external fun addAudioTrack(formatContext: Long, bitrate: Int, sampleRate: Int, channelCount: Int): Int
     external fun writeHeaders(formatContext: Long): Int
     external fun writePacket(formatContext: Long, buffer: ByteArray, pts: Long, streamIndex: Int, isKeyFrame: Boolean)
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ class FFmpegMuxer(val writer: SeekableWriter): MediaMuxer {
             addVideoTrack(
                 formatContext!!,
                 bitrate,
+                mediaFormat.getInteger("frame-rate"),
                 mediaFormat.getInteger("width"),
                 mediaFormat.getInteger("height"),
                 orientation
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ class FFmpegMuxer(val writer: SeekableWriter): MediaMuxer {
     }
 
     fun writePacket(buff: ByteArray) {
-        writer.write(buff)
+        writer.write(buff, buff.size)
     }
     fun seek(offset: Long) {
         writer.seek(offset)

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/video_recording/SeekableWriter.kt

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.video_recording
 
 interface SeekableWriter {
-    fun write(buffer: ByteArray)
+    fun write(buffer: ByteArray, size: Int)
     fun seek(offset: Long)
     fun close()
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/widgets/CircleClipTapView.kt

@@ -185,14 +185,14 @@ internal class CircleClipTapView(context: Context, attrs: AttributeSet): View(co
         updatePathShape()
     }
 
-    override fun onDraw(canvas: Canvas?) {
+    override fun onDraw(canvas: Canvas) {
         super.onDraw(canvas)
 
         // Background
-        canvas?.clipPath(shapePath)
+        canvas.clipPath(shapePath)
-        canvas?.drawPath(shapePath, backgroundPaint)
+        canvas.drawPath(shapePath, backgroundPaint)
 
         // Circle
-        canvas?.drawCircle(cX, cY, currentRadius, circlePaint)
+        canvas.drawCircle(cX, cY, currentRadius, circlePaint)
     }
 }

app/src/main/java/sushi/hardcore/droidfs/widgets/DoubleTapPlayerView.kt

@@ -2,29 +2,19 @@ package sushi.hardcore.droidfs.widgets
 
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint
 import android.content.Context
-import android.content.res.Configuration
 import android.media.session.PlaybackState
 import android.os.Handler
 import android.os.Looper
 import android.util.AttributeSet
 import android.view.GestureDetector
 import android.view.MotionEvent
-import android.view.View
+import androidx.media3.ui.PlayerView
-import android.view.ViewGroup
-import android.widget.Button
-import android.widget.FrameLayout
-import android.widget.LinearLayout
-import androidx.core.view.GestureDetectorCompat
-import androidx.core.view.updateLayoutParams
-import androidx.core.view.updatePadding
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ui.StyledPlayerView
-import sushi.hardcore.droidfs.R
 
 class DoubleTapPlayerView @JvmOverloads constructor(
     context: Context,
     attrs: AttributeSet? = null,
     defStyleAttr: Int = 0
-) : StyledPlayerView(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) {
+) : PlayerView(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) {
 
     companion object {
         const val SEEK_SECONDS = 10
@@ -75,22 +65,7 @@ class DoubleTapPlayerView @JvmOverloads constructor(
             handler.postDelayed(stopDoubleTap, 700)
         }
     }
-    private val gestureDetector = GestureDetectorCompat(context, gestureListener)
+    private val gestureDetector = GestureDetector(context, gestureListener)
-    private val density by lazy {
-        context.resources.displayMetrics.density
-    }
-    private val originalExoIconPaddingBottom by lazy {
-        resources.getDimension(R.dimen.exo_icon_padding_bottom)
-    }
-    private val originalExoIconSize by lazy {
-        resources.getDimension(R.dimen.exo_icon_size)
-    }
-
-    init {
-        if (resources.configuration.orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {
-            handleOrientationChange(Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE)
-        }
-    }
 
     @SuppressLint("ClickableViewAccessibility")
     override fun onTouchEvent(event: MotionEvent): Boolean {
@@ -135,35 +110,4 @@ class DoubleTapPlayerView @JvmOverloads constructor(
             }
         }
     }
-
-    private fun updateButtonSize(orientation: Int) {
-        val size = (if (orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) 45*density else originalExoIconSize).toInt()
-        listOf(R.id.exo_prev, R.id.exo_rew_with_amount, R.id.exo_play_pause, R.id.exo_ffwd_with_amount, R.id.exo_next).forEach {
-            findViewById<View>(it).updateLayoutParams {
-                width = size
-                height = size
-            }
-        }
-        // fix text vertical alignment inside icons
-        val paddingBottom = (if (orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) 15*density else originalExoIconPaddingBottom).toInt()
-        listOf(R.id.exo_rew_with_amount, R.id.exo_ffwd_with_amount).forEach {
-            findViewById<Button>(it).updatePadding(bottom = paddingBottom)
-        }
-    }
-
-    private fun handleOrientationChange(orientation: Int) {
-        val centerControls = findViewById<LinearLayout>(R.id.exo_center_controls)
-        (centerControls.parent as ViewGroup).removeView(centerControls)
-        findViewById<FrameLayout>(if (orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {
-            R.id.center_controls_bar
-        } else {
-            R.id.center_controls_external
-        }).addView(centerControls)
-        updateButtonSize(orientation)
-    }
-
-    override fun onConfigurationChanged(newConfig: Configuration) {
-        super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig)
-        handleOrientationChange(newConfig.orientation)
-    }
 }

app/src/main/native/gocryptfs_jni.c

@@ -196,6 +196,7 @@ Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_filesystems_GocryptfsVolume_native_1list_1dir(JNIEnv
                                                           jint sessionID, jstring jplain_dir) {
     const char* plain_dir = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, jplain_dir, NULL);
     const size_t plain_dir_len = strlen(plain_dir);
+    const char append_slash = plain_dir[plain_dir_len-1] != '/';
     GoString go_plain_dir = {plain_dir, plain_dir_len};
 
     struct gcf_list_dir_return elements = gcf_list_dir(sessionID, go_plain_dir);
@@ -216,7 +217,7 @@ Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_filesystems_GocryptfsVolume_native_1list_1dir(JNIEnv
 
             char* fullPath = malloc(sizeof(char) * (plain_dir_len + nameLen + 2));
             strcpy(fullPath, plain_dir);
-            if (plain_dir[-2] != '/') {
+            if (append_slash) {
                 strcat(fullPath, "/");
             }
             strcat(fullPath, name);

app/src/main/native/libcryfs.c

@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_filesystems_CryfsVolume_00024Companion_nativeInit(JN
                                                                jstring base_dir, jstring jlocalStateDir,
                                                                jbyteArray password, jbyteArray givenHash,
                                                                jobject returnedHash,
-                                                               jboolean createBaseDir,
+                                                               jboolean createBaseDir, jstring cipher,
-                                                               jstring cipher) {
+                                                               jobject jerrorCode) {
-    return cryfs_init(env, base_dir, jlocalStateDir, password, givenHash, returnedHash, createBaseDir, cipher);
+    return cryfs_init(env, base_dir, jlocalStateDir, password, givenHash, returnedHash, createBaseDir, cipher, jerrorCode);
 }
 
 JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL

app/src/main/native/libmux.c

@@ -3,9 +3,36 @@
 #include <libavutil/channel_layout.h>
 #include <libavutil/display.h>
 #include <jni.h>
+#include <android/log.h>
 
+const char* LOG_TAG = "LIBMUX";
 const size_t BUFF_SIZE = 4096;
 
+int to_android_log_level(int level) {
+    switch (level) {
+        case AV_LOG_PANIC:
+        case AV_LOG_FATAL: return ANDROID_LOG_FATAL;
+        case AV_LOG_ERROR: return ANDROID_LOG_ERROR;
+        case AV_LOG_WARNING: return ANDROID_LOG_WARN;
+        case AV_LOG_INFO: return ANDROID_LOG_INFO;
+        default: return ANDROID_LOG_UNKNOWN;
+    }
+}
+
+void log_callback(void *ptr, int level, const char *fmt, va_list vl)
+{
+    char line[1024];
+    static int print_prefix = 1;
+    av_log_format_line(ptr, level, fmt, vl, line, sizeof(line), &print_prefix);
+    __android_log_print(to_android_log_level(level), LOG_TAG, "%s", line);
+}
+
+void log_err(int result, const char* name) {
+    if (result < 0) {
+        __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, LOG_TAG, "%s: %d", name, result);
+    }
+}
+
 struct Muxer {
     JavaVM* jvm;
     jobject thiz;
@@ -13,7 +40,7 @@ struct Muxer {
     jmethodID seek_method_id;
 };
 
-int write_packet(void* opaque, uint8_t* buff, int buff_size) {
+int write_packet(void* opaque, const uint8_t* buff, int buff_size) {
     struct Muxer* muxer = opaque;
     JNIEnv *env;
     (*muxer->jvm)->GetEnv(muxer->jvm, (void **) &env, JNI_VERSION_1_6);
@@ -32,6 +59,8 @@ int64_t seek(void* opaque, int64_t offset, int whence) {
 }
 
 jlong Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_video_1recording_FFmpegMuxer_allocContext(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz) {
+    av_log_set_callback(log_callback);
+    av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_INFO);
     const AVOutputFormat *format = av_guess_format("mp4", NULL, NULL);
     struct Muxer* muxer = malloc(sizeof(struct Muxer));
     (*env)->GetJavaVM(env, &muxer->jvm);
@@ -50,17 +79,14 @@ JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
 Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_video_1recording_FFmpegMuxer_addAudioTrack(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jlong format_context, jint bitrate, jint sample_rate,
                                                                        jint channel_count) {
     const AVCodec* encoder = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_AAC);
-    AVStream* stream = avformat_new_stream((AVFormatContext *) format_context, NULL);
     AVCodecContext* codec_context = avcodec_alloc_context3(encoder);
     av_channel_layout_default(&codec_context->ch_layout, channel_count);
     codec_context->sample_rate = sample_rate;
     codec_context->sample_fmt = encoder->sample_fmts[0];
     codec_context->bit_rate = bitrate;
-    codec_context->strict_std_compliance = FF_COMPLIANCE_EXPERIMENTAL;
+    codec_context->time_base = (AVRational) {1, sample_rate};
-    stream->time_base.den = sample_rate;
-    stream->time_base.num = 1;
-    codec_context->flags = AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
     avcodec_open2(codec_context, encoder, NULL);
+    AVStream* stream = avformat_new_stream((AVFormatContext *) format_context, NULL);
     avcodec_parameters_from_context(stream->codecpar, codec_context);
     avcodec_free_context(&codec_context);
     return stream->index;
@@ -69,7 +95,9 @@ Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_video_1recording_FFmpegMuxer_addAudioTrack(JNIEnv *e
 JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
 Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_video_1recording_FFmpegMuxer_addVideoTrack(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz,
                                                                        jlong format_context,
-                                                                       jint bitrate, jint width,
+                                                                       jint bitrate,
+                                                                       jint frame_rate,
+                                                                       jint width,
                                                                        jint height,
                                                                        jint orientation_hint) {
     AVStream* stream = avformat_new_stream((AVFormatContext *) format_context, NULL);
@@ -78,14 +106,19 @@ Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_video_1recording_FFmpegMuxer_addVideoTrack(JNIEnv *e
     stream->codecpar->bit_rate = bitrate;
     stream->codecpar->width = width;
     stream->codecpar->height = height;
-    uint8_t* matrix = av_stream_new_side_data(stream, AV_PKT_DATA_DISPLAYMATRIX, sizeof(int32_t) * 9);
+    stream->codecpar->format = AV_PIX_FMT_YUVJ420P;
-    av_display_rotation_set((int32_t *) matrix, orientation_hint);
+    stream->time_base = (AVRational) {1, frame_rate};
+    AVPacketSideData *side_data_packet = av_packet_side_data_new(&stream->codecpar->coded_side_data, &stream->codecpar->nb_coded_side_data, AV_PKT_DATA_DISPLAYMATRIX, sizeof(int32_t) * 9, 0);
+    av_display_rotation_set((int32_t *) side_data_packet->data, orientation_hint);
     return stream->index;
 }
 
 JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
 Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_video_1recording_FFmpegMuxer_writeHeaders(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jlong format_context) {
-    return avformat_write_header((AVFormatContext *) format_context, NULL);
+    av_dump_format((AVFormatContext *) format_context, 0, NULL, 1);
+    int result = avformat_write_header((AVFormatContext *) format_context, NULL);
+    log_err(result, "avformat_write_header");
+    return result;
 }
 
 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
@@ -100,26 +133,28 @@ Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_video_1recording_FFmpegMuxer_writePacket(JNIEnv *env
     r.num = 1;
     r.den = 1000000;
     packet->pts = av_rescale_q(pts, r, ((AVFormatContext*)format_context)->streams[stream_index]->time_base);
+    packet->dts = packet->pts;
     uint8_t* buff = malloc(size);
     (*env)->GetByteArrayRegion(env, buffer, 0, size, (signed char*)buff);
     packet->data = buff;
     if (is_key_frame) {
         packet->flags = AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY;
     }
-    av_write_frame((AVFormatContext *)format_context, packet);
+    log_err(av_write_frame((AVFormatContext *)format_context, packet), "av_write_frame");
     free(buff);
     av_packet_free(&packet);
 }
 
 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_video_1recording_FFmpegMuxer_writeTrailer(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jlong format_context) {
-    av_write_trailer((AVFormatContext *) format_context);
+    log_err(av_write_trailer((AVFormatContext *) format_context), "av_write_trailer");
 }
 
 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_video_1recording_FFmpegMuxer_release(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jlong format_context) {
     AVFormatContext* fc = (AVFormatContext *) format_context;
     av_free(fc->pb->buffer);
+    (*env)->DeleteGlobalRef(env, ((struct Muxer*)fc->pb->opaque)->thiz);
     free(fc->pb->opaque);
     avio_context_free(&fc->pb);
     avformat_free_context(fc);

app/src/main/native/memfile.c

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <jni.h>
+#include <android/log.h>
+
+const char* LOG_TAG = "MemFile";
+
+void log_err(const char* function) {
+   __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, LOG_TAG, "%s(): %s", function, strerror(errno));
+}
+
+JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_sushi_hardcore_droidfs_MemFile_00024Companion_createMemFile(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jstring jname,
+                                                  jlong size) {
+    const char* name = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, jname, NULL);
+    int fd = syscall(SYS_memfd_create, name, MFD_CLOEXEC);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        log_err("memfd_create");
+        return fd;
+    }
+    if (ftruncate64(fd, size) == -1) {
+        log_err("ftruncate64");
+        close(fd);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return fd;
+}

app/src/main/res/drawable/icon_debug.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<vector android:height="24dp"
+    android:viewportHeight="24" android:viewportWidth="24"
+    android:width="24dp" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
+    <path android:fillColor="?attr/colorAccent" android:pathData="M5,16c0,3.87 3.13,7 7,7s7,-3.13 7,-7v-4L5,12v4zM16.12,4.37l2.1,-2.1 -0.82,-0.83 -2.3,2.31C14.16,3.28 13.12,3 12,3s-2.16,0.28 -3.09,0.75L6.6,1.44l-0.82,0.83 2.1,2.1C6.14,5.64 5,7.68 5,10v1h14v-1c0,-2.32 -1.14,-4.36 -2.88,-5.63zM9,9c-0.55,0 -1,-0.45 -1,-1s0.45,-1 1,-1 1,0.45 1,1 -0.45,1 -1,1zM15,9c-0.55,0 -1,-0.45 -1,-1s0.45,-1 1,-1 1,0.45 1,1 -0.45,1 -1,1z"/>
+</vector>

app/src/main/res/drawable/icon_edit.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<vector android:height="24dp"
+    android:viewportHeight="24" android:viewportWidth="24"
+    android:width="24dp" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
+    <path android:fillColor="?attr/colorAccent" android:pathData="M3,17.25V21h3.75L17.81,9.94l-3.75,-3.75L3,17.25zM20.71,7.04c0.39,-0.39 0.39,-1.02 0,-1.41l-2.34,-2.34c-0.39,-0.39 -1.02,-0.39 -1.41,0l-1.83,1.83 3.75,3.75 1.83,-1.83z"/>
+</vector>

app/src/main/res/drawable/icon_settings.xml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-<vector android:height="24dp" android:tint="#FFFFFF"
+<vector android:height="24dp"
     android:viewportHeight="24" android:viewportWidth="24"
     android:width="24dp" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
-    <path android:fillColor="@android:color/white" android:pathData="M19.14,12.94c0.04,-0.3 0.06,-0.61 0.06,-0.94c0,-0.32 -0.02,-0.64 -0.07,-0.94l2.03,-1.58c0.18,-0.14 0.23,-0.41 0.12,-0.61l-1.92,-3.32c-0.12,-0.22 -0.37,-0.29 -0.59,-0.22l-2.39,0.96c-0.5,-0.38 -1.03,-0.7 -1.62,-0.94L14.4,2.81c-0.04,-0.24 -0.24,-0.41 -0.48,-0.41h-3.84c-0.24,0 -0.43,0.17 -0.47,0.41L9.25,5.35C8.66,5.59 8.12,5.92 7.63,6.29L5.24,5.33c-0.22,-0.08 -0.47,0 -0.59,0.22L2.74,8.87C2.62,9.08 2.66,9.34 2.86,9.48l2.03,1.58C4.84,11.36 4.8,11.69 4.8,12s0.02,0.64 0.07,0.94l-2.03,1.58c-0.18,0.14 -0.23,0.41 -0.12,0.61l1.92,3.32c0.12,0.22 0.37,0.29 0.59,0.22l2.39,-0.96c0.5,0.38 1.03,0.7 1.62,0.94l0.36,2.54c0.05,0.24 0.24,0.41 0.48,0.41h3.84c0.24,0 0.44,-0.17 0.47,-0.41l0.36,-2.54c0.59,-0.24 1.13,-0.56 1.62,-0.94l2.39,0.96c0.22,0.08 0.47,0 0.59,-0.22l1.92,-3.32c0.12,-0.22 0.07,-0.47 -0.12,-0.61L19.14,12.94zM12,15.6c-1.98,0 -3.6,-1.62 -3.6,-3.6s1.62,-3.6 3.6,-3.6s3.6,1.62 3.6,3.6S13.98,15.6 12,15.6z"/>
+    <path android:fillColor="?attr/colorAccent" android:pathData="M19.14,12.94c0.04,-0.3 0.06,-0.61 0.06,-0.94c0,-0.32 -0.02,-0.64 -0.07,-0.94l2.03,-1.58c0.18,-0.14 0.23,-0.41 0.12,-0.61l-1.92,-3.32c-0.12,-0.22 -0.37,-0.29 -0.59,-0.22l-2.39,0.96c-0.5,-0.38 -1.03,-0.7 -1.62,-0.94L14.4,2.81c-0.04,-0.24 -0.24,-0.41 -0.48,-0.41h-3.84c-0.24,0 -0.43,0.17 -0.47,0.41L9.25,5.35C8.66,5.59 8.12,5.92 7.63,6.29L5.24,5.33c-0.22,-0.08 -0.47,0 -0.59,0.22L2.74,8.87C2.62,9.08 2.66,9.34 2.86,9.48l2.03,1.58C4.84,11.36 4.8,11.69 4.8,12s0.02,0.64 0.07,0.94l-2.03,1.58c-0.18,0.14 -0.23,0.41 -0.12,0.61l1.92,3.32c0.12,0.22 0.37,0.29 0.59,0.22l2.39,-0.96c0.5,0.38 1.03,0.7 1.62,0.94l0.36,2.54c0.05,0.24 0.24,0.41 0.48,0.41h3.84c0.24,0 0.44,-0.17 0.47,-0.41l0.36,-2.54c0.59,-0.24 1.13,-0.56 1.62,-0.94l2.39,0.96c0.22,0.08 0.47,0 0.59,-0.22l1.92,-3.32c0.12,-0.22 0.07,-0.47 -0.12,-0.61L19.14,12.94zM12,15.6c-1.98,0 -3.6,-1.62 -3.6,-3.6s1.62,-3.6 3.6,-3.6s3.6,1.62 3.6,3.6S13.98,15.6 12,15.6z"/>
 </vector>

app/src/main/res/drawable/round_button_background.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
+    <item>
+        <shape android:shape="rectangle">
+            <solid android:color="?attr/buttonBackgroundColor"/>
+            <corners android:radius="50dp"/>
+        </shape>
+    </item>
+</selector>